Interplanetary coronal mass ejections that are undetected by solar coronagraphs

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

Volumn 113, Issue 8, 2008, Pages

  Howard, T A ^a,c   Simnett, G M ^b  

^a AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^c NATIONAL SOLAR OBSERVATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 55849119573     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699402     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2007JA012920     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Brueckner, G. E., et al. (1995), The large angle spectroscopic coronagraph, Sol. Phys., 162, 357.
2. Cane, H. V., and I. G. Richardson (2003), Interplanetary coronal mass ejections in the near-Earth solar wind during 1996-2002, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A4), 1156, doi:10.1029/2002JA009817.
3. Cliver, E. W., D. R Webb, and R. A. Howard (1999), On the origin of solar metric type II bursts, Sol. Phys., 187, 89.
4. Delaboudinière, J.-P., et al. (1995), EIT: Extreme-ultraviolet imaging telescope for the SOHO mission, Sol. Phys., 162, 291.
5. Eyles, C. J., G. M. Simnett, M. P. Cooke, B. V. Jackson, A. Buffington, N. R. Waltham, J. M. King, P. A. Anderson, and P, E. Holladay (2003), The solar mass ejection imager (SMEI), Sol. Phys., 217, 319.
6. Harrison, R. A., and D. G. Sime (1989), The launch of coronal mass ejections: White light and X-ray observations in the low corona, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 2333.
7. Hewish, A., P. F. Scott, and D. Wills (1964), Interplanetary scintillation of small diameter radio sources, Nature, 203, 1214.
8. Howard, T. A. (2006), Reply to comment by N. Gopalswamy et al. on "Interplanetary shocks unassociated with earthbound coronal mass ejections", Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L11109, doi:10.1029/ 2005GL025233.
9. Howard, T. A., and S. J. Tappin (2005a), Statistical survey of earthbound interplanetary shocks, associated coronal mass ejections and their space weather consequences, Astron. Astrophys., 440, 373.
10. Howard, T. A., and S. J. Tappin (2005b), Earthbound interplanetary shocks unassociated with halo coronal mass ejections, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L14106, doi:10.1029/2005GL023056.
11. Howard, R. A., D. J. Michels, N. R. Sheeley Jr., and M. J. Koomen (1982), The observation of a coronal transient directed at Earth, Astrophys. J., 263, L101.
12. Howard, T. A., D. F. Webb, S. J. Tappin, D. R. Mizuno, and J. C. Johnston (2006), Tracking halo coronal mass ejections from 0-1 AU and space weather forecasting using the Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI), J. Geophys. Res., 111, A04105, doi:10.1029/2005JA011349.
13. Howard, T. A., C. D. Fry, J. C. Johnston, and D. F. Webb (2007), On the evolution of coronal mass ejections in the interplanetary medium, Astrophys. J., 667, 610.
14. Howard, T. A., D. Nandy, and A. C. Koepke (2008), The kinematic properties of solar coronal mass ejections: Correction for projection effects in spacecraft coronagraph measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, A01104, doi: 10.1029/2007JA012500.
15. Jackson, B. V., et al. (2004), The Solar Mass-Ejection Imager (SMEI) Mission, Sol. Phys., 225, 177.
16. Jackson, B. V., A. Buffington, P. P. Hick, X. Wang, and D. F. Webb (2006), Preliminary three-dimensional analysis of the heliospheric response to the 28 October 2003 CME using SMEI white-light observations, J. Geophys. Res., 111, A09S91, doi:10.1029/2004JA010942.
17. Krieger, A. S., A. F. Timothy, and E. C. Roelof (1973), A coronal hole and its identification as the source of a high velocity solar wind stream, Sol. Phys., 29, 505.
18. Leighly, J. B. (1955), Aitoff and Hammer: An attempt at clarification, Geogr. Rev., 45, 246.
19. Leinert, C., H. Link, E. Pitz, N. Salm, and D. Knuppelberg (1975), The Helios zodiacal light experiment (E9), Raumfahartforschung, 19, 264.
20. Low, B.-C. (1996), Solar activity and the corona, Sol. Phys., 767, 217.
21. Lyons, M. A., and G. M. Simnett (2001), Erupting magnetic structures observed with SOHO/LASCO, Sol. Phys., 200, 203.
22. Manoharan, P. K. (2006), Evolution of coronal mass ejections in the inner heliosphere: A study using white-light and scintillation images, Sol. Phys., 235, 345.
23. Manoharan, P. K., M. Tokumaru, M. Pick, P. Subramanian, F. M. Ipavich, K. Schenk, M. L. Kaiser, R. P. Lepping, and A. Vourlidas (2001), Coronal mass ejection of 2000 July 14 event: Imaging from near-Sun to Earth environment, Astrophys. J., 559, 1180.
24. Pizzo, V. (1978), A three-dimensional model of corotating streams in the solar wind: 1. Theoretical foundations, J. Geophys. Res., 83, 5563.
25. Pizzo, V. (1980), A three-dimensional model of corotating streams in the solar wind: 2. Hydrodynamic streams, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 727.
26. Schwenn, R., A. Dal Lago, E. Huttunen, and W. D. Gonzalez (2005), The association of coronal mass ejections with their effects near the Earth, Ann. Geophys., 23, 1033.
27. Shanmugaraju, A., Y.-J. Moon, K.-S. Cho, M. Dryer, and S. Umpathy (2006), Origin of coronal shocks without mass ejections, Sol. Phys., 233, 117.
28. Simnett, G. M. (2005), CMEs observed by SMEI which are not seen by LASCO, in Proc. Sol. Wind 11/SOHO 16 "Connecting Sun and Heliosphere" , edited by B. Fleck and T. H. Zurbuchen, p. 767, ESA SP-592, ESTEC, Noordwijk, Netherlands.
29. Smith, E. J., and J. H. Wolfe (1976), Observations of interaction regions and corotating shocks between one and five AU-Pioneers 10 and 11, Geophys. Res. Lett., 3, 137.
30. St. Cyr, O. C., et al. (2000), Properties of coronal mass ejections: SOHO LASCO observations from January 1996 to June 1998, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 18, 169.
31. Tappin, S. J. (1987), Numerical modelling of scintillation variations from interplanetary disturbances, Planet. Space Sci., 35, 271.
32. Tappin, S. J. (2006), The deceleration of an interplanetary transient from the Sun to 5 AU, Sol. Phys., 233, 233.
33. Tappin, S. J., et al. (2004), Tracking a major interplanetary disturbance with SMEI, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L02802, doi:10.1029/2003GL018766.
34. Tripathi, D., V. Bothmer, and H. Cremades (2004), The basic characteristics of EUV post-eruptive arcades and their role as tracers of coronal mass ejection source regions, Astron. Astrophys., 422, 337.
35. Vourlidas, V., and R. A. Howard (2006), The proper treatment of coronal mass ejection brightness: A new methodology and implications for observations, Astrophys. J., 642, 1216.
36. Webb, D. F., and B. V. Jackson (1990), The identification and characteristics of solar mass ejections observed in the heliosphere by the HELIOS 2 photometers, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 20,641.
37. Webb, D. F., et al. (2006), Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) observations of CMEs in the heliosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 111, A12101, doi:10.1029/2006JA011655.
38. Wild, J. P., S. F. Smerd, and A. A. Weiss (1963), Solar radio bursts, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys., 1, 291.
39. Yashiro, S., N. Gopalswamy, G. Michalek, O. C. St. Cyr, S. P. Plunkett, and R. A. Howard (2004), A catalog of white light coronal mass ejections observed by the SOHO spacecraft, J. Geophys. Res., 109, A07105, doi:10.1029/2003JA010282.
40. Zhao, X.-P. (1992), Interaction of fast steady flow with slow transient flow - A new cause of shock pair and interplanetary B(z) event, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 15,051.