Rare earth deposits of North America

Resource Geology

Volumn 58, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 337-347

  Castor, Stephen B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALKALINITY; CARBONATITE; EXTRACTION METHOD; GRANITE; IGNEOUS ROCK; METALLURGY; MOUNTAIN REGION; ORE GRADE; PLUTON; RARE EARTH ELEMENT;

CANADA; COLORADO; ELLIOT LAKE; MISSOURI; NEW YORK [UNITED STATES]; ONTARIO [CANADA]; UNITED STATES; WYOMING;

EID: 55849112270     PISSN: 13441698     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-3928.2008.00068.x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (53)

1. Adams, J. W. (1965) Rare earths. In Mineral and water resources of New Mexico. New Mexico Bur. Mines. Miner. Resour. Bull., 87, 234-237.
2. Altschuler, Z. S., Berman, S. and Cuttitta, F. (1967) Rare earths in phosphorite: Geochemistry and potential recovery. US Geological Survey, Professional Paper 575-B, 9.
3. Anderson, J. L. (1983) Proterozoic anorogenic granite plutonism of North America. In Medaris, L. G., Mickelson, D. M., Byers, C. W. and Shanks, W. C. (eds.) Proterozoic geology. Geological Society of America, Memoir, 161, 133-154.
4. Armbrustmacher, T. J. (1980) Abundance and distribution of thorium in the carbonatite stock at Iron Hill, Powderhorn District, Gunnison County, Colorado. US Geological Survey, Professional Paper 1049-B, 11.
5. Avalon Ventures (2007) Thor Lake rare metals property. Avalon Ventures, Toronto (accessed 11 April 2007). Available from URL: www.avalonventures.com/key_projects/rare_industrial/thor_lake/
6. Barker, J. C. and Mardock, C. L. (1988) Lithophile metal, REE-Y-Nb deposits on Southern Prince of Wales Island, Alaska. In Carson, D. J. T. and Vassiliou, A. H. (eds.) Process mineralogy VIII. Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, 139-158.
7. Borrowman, S. R. and Rosenbaum, J. D. (1962) Recovery of thorium from a Wyoming ore. U. S. Bur. Mines, Report of Investigation 5917, 8.
8. Castor, S. B. (1986) Mountain Pass bastnasite: Some new data. Technical Report, Mountain Pass. Molycorp, Mountain Pass, CA, 6p.
9. Castor, S. B. (1991) Rare earth deposits in the southern Great Basin. In Raines G. L., Lisle, R. E., Schafer, R. W. and Wilkinson, W. H. (eds.) Geology and ore deposits of the Great Basin. Geological Society of Nevada, Proceedings. Geological Society of Nevada, Reno, NV, 523-528.
10. Castor, S. B. (1993) Rare earth deposits and Proterozoic anorogenic magmatism. In Y. T. Maurice (ed.) Proceedings of the Quadrennial Eighth IAGOD Symposium, 1990, Ottawa, Canada. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, E. Stuttgart, Germany, 331-340.
11. Castor, S. B. (1994) Rare earth minerals. In Carr, D. D. (ed.) Industrial minerals and rocks, 6th edn. Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Littleton, 827-839.
12. Castor, S. B. and Nason, G. W. (2004) Mountain Pass rare earth deposit, California. In Castor, S. B., Papke, K. G. and Meeuwig, R. O. (eds.) Proceedings of the 39th forum on the Geology of Industrial Minerals. Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Special Publication 33, Reno, NV, 68-81.
13. Chao, E. C. T., Back, J. M., Minkin, J. A., Tatsumoto, M., Wang, J., Conrad, J. E., McKee, E. H., Hou, Z., Meng, Q. and Huang, S. (1997) The sedimentary carbonate-hosted Bayan Obo REE-Fe-Nb ore deposit of Inner Mongolia, China; a cornerstone example for giant polymetallic ore deposits of hydrothermal origin. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 2143, 65.
14. Currie, K. L. (1976) The alkaline rocks of Canada. Geol. Surv. Canada. Bull. 239, 228.
15. Currie, K. L. (1985) An unusual peralkaline granite near Lac Brisson, Quebec-Labrador. In Current research, part A. Geol. Surv. Canada., Paper 85-1A, 73-80.
16. DeWitt, Ed., Kwak, L. M., and Zartman, R. E. (1987) U-Th-Pb and Ar/Ar dating of the Mountain Pass carbonatite and alkalic igneous rocks, S.E. Cal. Geol. Soc. Am., 19, 642.
17. Drew, L. J., Meng, Q. and Sun, W. (1990) The Bayan Obo iron-rare earth-niobium deposits, Inner Mongolia, China. Lithos, 26, 43-65.
18. Evans, J. R. (1964) Xenotime mineralization in the Southern Music Valley area, Riverside County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, Special Report 79, 24p.
19. Great Western Minerals Group (2007) Significant increase in Hoidas lake resource. Great Western Minerals Group, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (accessed 10 April 2007). www.gwmg.ca/projects/hoidas/ background.php#resources
20. Gulbrandsen, R. A. (1966) Chemical compositions of phosphorites of the Phosphoria Formation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 30, 769-778.
21. Harvey, S. E., Young, I. and Billingsley, G. (2002) Geology of the Hoidas Lake area, Ena domain, northwestern Saskatchewan. In Summary of Investigations 2002, Vol. 2, Miscellaneous Report 2002-4.2, Paper C-2. Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Saskatchewan Industry Resources, 13p.
22. Hedrick, J. B. (1999) Rare earths. In Minerals Yearbook 1999. US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 60.1-60.5.
23. Hedrick, J. B. (2003) Rare earths. In Minerals Yearbook 2003. US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 60.1-60.15.
24. Hedrick, J. B. (2007) Rare earths. In Mineral Commodity Summaries. US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 130-131.
25. Jackson, W. D. and Christiansen, G. (1993) International strategic minerals inventory summary report: Rare-earth oxides. Circular 930-N. US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 68p.
26. Kelley, V. C. (1968) Geology of alkali Precambrian rocks at Pajarito Mountain, Otero County, New Mexico. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 79, 1565-1572.
27. Kisvarsanyi, E. B., Sims, P. K. and Kisvarsanyi, G. (1989) Proterozoic ore-forming systems: Examples of iron metallogenesis from the United States mid-continent. Geol. Soc. Am. 21, A34.
28. Kline, M. H., Carlson, E. J., Roberston, A. F. and Storch, R. H. (1953) Bear Valley radioactive mineral placers, Valley County, Idaho. U.S. Bureau of Mines, Rep. Miner. Eval., 3130, 23p.
29. Mariano, A. N. (1989) Economic geology of rare earth elements. Rev. Mineral., 21, 309-337.
30. McKeown, F. A. and Klemic, H. (1956) Rare-earth-bearing apatite at Mineville, Essex County, New York: U. S. Geol. Surv. Bull., 1046-B, 9-23.
31. Metz, M. C., Brookins, D. G., Rosenberg, P. E. and Zartman, R. E. (1985) Geology and geochemistry of the Snowbird deposit, Mineral County, Montana. Econ. Geol., 80, 394-409.
32. Meyer, B. H. (2002) Geological exploration report of the Bear Lodge rare-earth property, Crook County, Wyoming, USA: Report prepared for Paso Rico Resources. Rare Element Resources, Vancouver (accessed 8 June 2007). Available from URL: www.rareelementresources.com
33. Miller, R. R. (1988) Yttrium (Y) and other rare metals (Be, Nb, REE, Ta, Zr) in Labrador. In Current Research 1988, Report 88-1. Newfoundland Department of Mines, Mineral Development Division, St Johns, Newfoundland, 229-245.
34. Nuelle, L. M., Day, W. C., Sidder, G. B. and Seeger, C. M. (1992) Geology and mineral paragenesis of the Pea Ridge iron ore mine, Washington County, Missouri; origin of the rare-earth-element- and gold-bearing breccia pipes. U. S. Geol. Surv. Bull., 1989, A1-A11.
35. Olson, J. C. and Hedlund, D. C. (1981) Alkalic rocks and resources of thorium and associated elements in the Powderhorn district, Gunnison County, Colorado. US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, Professional Paper 1049-C, 34p.
36. Olson, J. C., Pray, L. C., Shawe, D. R. and Sharp, W. N. (1954) Rare-earth mineral deposits of the Mountain Pass district, San Bernardino County, California. US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, Professional Paper 261, 75p.
37. Orris, G. J. and Grauch, R. I. (2002) Rare earth element mines, deposits, and occurrences. Open-File Rep. 02-189. US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 167p.
38. Overstreet, W. C. (1967) The geologic occurrence of monazite. US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, Professional Paper 530, 327p.
39. Rare Element Resources (2005) Rare element resources reports and successful initial leach tests: October exploration field work completed, Two holes drilled. News Release, 9 November 2005. Rare Element Resources, Vancouver (accessed 8 June 2007). www.rareelementresources.com/s/NewsReleases.asp?ReportID=123194
40. Richardson, D. G. and Birkett, T. C. (1996) Peralkaline rock-associated rare metals. In Eckstrand, O. R., Sinclair, W. D. and Thorpe, R. I. (eds.) Geology of Canadian mineral deposit types. Geology of Canada, no. 8. Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, 523-540.
41. Robertson, J. A. (1981) The Blind River uranium deposits: The ores and their setting. In Armstrong, F. C. (ed.) Genesis of U- and. US Geological Survey, Reston Au-bearing Quartz-pebble Conglomerates, Professional Paper 1161, U1-U23.
42. Roeder, P. K., MacArthur, D., Ma, X., Palmer, G. R. and Mariano, J. N. (1987) Cathodoluminescence and microprobe study of rare earth elements in apatite. Am. Mineral., 72, 801-811.
43. Roscoe, S. M. (1969) Huronian rocks and uraniferous conglomerates. Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Paper 68-40, 205p.
44. Sherer, R. L. (1990) Pajarito yttrium-zirconium deposit, Otero County, New Mexico. New Mexico Geol., 12, 21.
45. Staatz, M. H. (1983) Geology and description of thorium and rare-earth deposits in the southern Bear Lodge Mountains, northeastern Wyoming. US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, Professional Paper 1049-D, 51p.
46. Staatz, M. H., Sharp, B. J. and Hetland, D. L. (1979) Geology and thorium resources of the Lemhi Pass thorium District, Idaho and Montana. US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, Professional Paper 1049-A, 90p.
47. Taylor, R. P. and Pollard, P. J. (1996) Rare earth element mineralization in peralkaline systems; the T-zone-REE-Y-Be deposit, Thor Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada. In Jones, A. P., Wall, F., and Williams, C. T. (eds.) Rare earth minerals: Chemistry, origin and ore deposits. Mineralogical Society Series no. 7. Chapman and Hall, London, 167-192.
48. Trueman, D. L., Pedersen, J. C., de St Jorre, L. and Smith, D. G. W. (1988) The Thor Lake rare-metal deposits. Northwest Territories. In Taylor, R. P. and Strong, D. F. (eds.). Can. Inst. MinRecent advances in the geology of Granite-related mineral deposits. Metal., 39, 280-290.
49. Vallee, M. and Dubuc, F. (1970) The St-Honorécarbonatite deposit, Quebec. Can. Inst. Min. Metal. Trans., 73, 346-356.
50. Wall, F. and Mariano, A. N. (1996) Rare earth minerals in carbonatites: A discussion centered on the Kangankunde carbonatite, Malawi. In Jones, A. P., Wall, F. and Williams, C. T. (eds.) Rare earth minerals: Chemistry, origin and ore deposits. Mineralogical Society Series no. 7. Chapman and Hall, London, 193-225.
51. Woolley, A. R. (1987) Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 1: North and South America. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas, 216p.
52. Wu, C., Yuan, Z. and Bai, G. (1996) Rare earth deposits in China. In Jones, A. P., Wall, F. and Williams, C. T. (eds.) Rare earth minerals: Chemistry, origin and ore deposits. Mineralogical Society Series no. 7. Chapman and Hall, London, 281-310.
53. Yuan, Z., Bai, G., Wu, C., Zhang, Z. and Ye, X. (1992) Geological features and genesis of the Bayan Obo REE ore deposit, Inner Mongolia, China. Appl. Geochem., 7, 429-442.