Lyophilization: Heat and mass transfer

American Pharmaceutical Review

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 81-87

  Beaty, Narlin ^a  

^a Sublimation Science ^*

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLAUSIUS CLAPEYRON; DEFENSE MECHANISM; DRUG INDUSTRY; FREEZE DRYING; HEAT TRANSFER; MANOMETRY; MASS TRANSFER; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; OHM'S LAW; PARAMETER; REVIEW; SURFACE PROPERTY; TEMPERATURE; THERMODYNAMICS;

EID: 55549093441     PISSN: 10998012     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (6)

1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 1993, Guide to Inspections of Lyophilization of Parenterals. Office of Regulatory Affairs. www.fda.gov/ora/inspect_ref/igs/lyophi.html.
2. Kochs, M., Korber, C., Heschel, L., Nunner, B., 1993, The Influence of the Freezing Process on Vapour Transport During Sublimation in Vacuum-Freeze-Drying of Macroscopic Samples. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 36, 1727-1738.
3. Franks, F., 1997, Freeze-Drying of Bioproducts: Putting Principles Into Practice. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, (45) 221-229.
4. Rambhatla, S., Ramot, R, Bhugra, C. Pikal, M.J., 2004, Heat and Mass Scale-up issues during Freeze Drying: II Control and characterization of the Degree of Supercooling. AAPS Pharm. Sci. Tech. 5(4) Article 58.
5. Milton, N., Pikal, M.J., Roy, M.L., Nail, S.L., 1997, Evaluation of Manometric Temperature Measurement as a Method of Monitoring Product Temperature During Lyophilization. PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technology, (5) 7-16.
6. Pikal, M.J., Cardon, S., Bhugra, C., Jameel, F., Rambhatla, S. 2005, The Nonsteady State Modeling of Freeze Drying: In Process Product Temperature and Moisture Content Mapping and Pharmaceutical Product Quality Applications. Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, (1) 17-32.