Turbulence in astrophysical and geophysical flows

Lecture Notes in Physics

Volumn 756, Issue , 2009, Pages 107-160

  Canuto, V M ^a,b  

^a NASA GODDARD INSTITUTE FOR SPACE STUDIES   (United States)

^b Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 55349088963     PISSN: 00758450     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-78961-1_4     Document Type: Article

References (188)

1. Abarbanel, H.D., Holm, D.D., Marsden, J.E., Ratiu, T.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 2352 (1984) 119
2. Alberighi, S., Maurizi, A., Tampieri, F.: J. App. Meteor. 41, 885 (2002) 131
3. Althaus, L.G., Benvenuto, O.G.: MNRAS 278, 981 (1996) 114
4. Alves, J.O.S.: Ph.D. Thesis, University of Reading, UK (1995) 137
5. Anderson, J., Nordstrom, B., Clausen, J.V.: ApJ 363, L33 (1990) 117
6. André, J.C., De Moor, G., Lacarrère, P., du Vachat, R.: J. Atmos. Sci. 33, 476 (1976) 128
7. André, J.C., DeMoor, G., Lacarrèere, P., Therry, G., du Vachat, R.: J. Atmos. Sci. 35, 1861 (1978) 128, 153
8. Asplund, M., Ludwig, H.-G., Nordlund, Å., Stein, R.F.: A&A 359, 669 (2000) 155
9. Baumert, H. Peters, H.: J.Geophys. Res. 105, 6453 (2000) 152
10. Bell, T.H.: J. Fluid Mech. 67, 705 (1975a) 146
11. Bell, T.H.: J. Geophys. Res. 80, 320 (1975b) 146
12. Blackadar, A.K.: J.Geophys. Res. 67, 3095 (1962) 153
13. Bougeault, P.: J. Atmos. Sci. 38, 2429 (1981) 128
14. Brummel, N.H., Hurlburt, N.E., Toomre, J.: ApJ 473, 494 (1996) 141
15. Brun, A.S., Toomre, J.: ApJ 570, 865 (2002) 155
16. Brun, A.S., Miesch, M.S., Toomre, J.: ApJ 614, 1073 (2004) 155
17. Burchard, H., Bolding, K.: J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31, 1943 (2001a) 153
18. Burchard, H., Deleersnijder, E.: Ocean Modelling 3, 33 (2001b) 153
19. Bryan, K.: Tellus 34, 104 (1991) 146
20. Canuto, V.M.: ApJ 392, 218 (1992) 127, 128, 141, 153
21. Canuto, V.M.: ApJ 428, 279 (1994) 111
22. Canuto, V.M.: ApJ 467, 385 (1996) 114, 116
23. Canuto, V.M.: ApJ 478, 322 (1997) 111, 141
24. Canuto, V.M.: ApJ 524, 311 (1999) 121, 122, 123
25. Canuto, V.M., Goldman, I., Hubicky, O.: ApJ Lett. 280, L55 (1984) 155
26. Canuto, V.M., Goldman, I.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 430 (1985) 114
27. Canuto, V.M., Hartke, G.J.: A&A 168, 89 (1986) 141
28. Canuto, V.M., Goldman, I., Chasnov, J.: Phys. Fluids 30, 339 (1987) 114
29. Canuto, V.M., Mazzitelli, I.: ApJ 370, 295 (1991) 114, 116
30. Canuto, V.M., Minotti, F., Ronchi, C., Ypma, R.M., Zeman, O.: J. Atmos. Sci. 51, 1605 (1994) 128, 131
31. Canuto, V.M., Dubovikov, M.S.: Phys. Fluids 9, 2132 (1997) 151
32. Canuto, V.M., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.: Ann Rev. Fluid Mech. 30, 167 (1998) 125, 141
33. Canuto, V.M., Dubovikov, M.S.: ApJ 493, 834 (1998) 127, 138
34. Canuto, V.M., Cheng, Y., Howard, A.: J. Atmos. Sci. 58, 1169 (2001) 127, 128, 131
35. Canuto, V.M., Howard, A., Cheng, Y., Dubovikov, M.S.: J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31 1413 (2001) 119, 141, 142
36. Canuto, V.M., Minotti, F.: MNRAS 328, 829 (2001) 126, 141, 142
37. Canuto, V.M., Howard, A., Cheng, Y., Dubovikov, M.S.: J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32, 240 (2002) 119, 127, 141, 142, 143, 151
38. Canuto, V.M., Howard, A., Hogan, P., Cheng, Y., Dubovikov, M.S., Montenegro, L.M.: Ocean Model. 7, 75 (2004) 149, 151
39. Canuto, V.M., Dubovikov, M.S., Cheng, Y.: Geophys. Res. Lett. 32, L22604 (2005) 136, 143
40. Canuto, V.M., Cheng, Y., Howard, A.M.: Ocean Model. 16, 28 (2007) 136
41. Canuto, V.M., Howard, A.M., Muller, C.J., Cheng, Y., Jayne, Ocean Mod. (2008) 146, 147, 148
42. Cattaneo, F., Brummell, N.H., Toomre, J., Malagoli, A. Hurlburt, N.E.: Ap J 370, 282 (1991) 113, 114, 117
43. Chaboyer, B., Zahn, J.-P.: A&A 253, 173 (1992) 125
44. Chan, K.L., Gigas, D.: ApJ 389, L87 (1992) 114, 117
45. Chapman, S.: ApJ 120, 151 (1954) 112
46. Charbonnel, C.: Nature 442, 636 (2006) 126
47. Chasnov, J.R.: The Phys. Fluids 7, 600 (1995) 152
48. Chasnov, J.R.: J. Fluid Mech. 342, 335 (1997a) 152
49. Chasnov, J.R.: The Phys. Fluids 9, 171 (1997b) 152
50. Chen, C., Cotton, W.R.: Bound.-Layer Met. 25, 375 (1983) 128
51. Cheng, Y., Canuto, V.M., Howard, A.M.: J. Atmos. Sci. 62, 2189 (2005) 129, 131, 133
52. Chou, P.Y.: Quart. J. Applied Math., 3, 38 (1945) 52 127
53. Chu, P.C., Gascard, J.C.: Deep Convection and Deep Water Formation in the Oceans, pp. 397. Elsevier, New York (1991) 149
54. Cox, J.P. Giuli, R.T.: Principles of Stellar Structure, Gordon and Breach, New York (1968) 113, 114
55. D'Antona, F., Mazzitelli, I.: ApJ 470, 1093 (1996) 114
56. Davidov, B.I.: Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 136, 472 (1961) 152
57. Deardor., J.W.: J. Geophys. Res. 77, 5900 (1972) 116
58. Deardor., J.W.: Bound.-Layer Met. 18, 495 (1980) 153
59. Denbo, D.W., Skyllingstad, E.D.: J. Geophys. Res. 101, 1095 (1996) 149
60. Egbert, G.D., Ray, R.D.: Nature, 405, 775 (2000) 145
61. Eggleton, P.P.: MNRAS 151, 351(1971) 122
62. Eggleton, P.P.: MNRAS, 156, 361 (1972) 122
63. Elliott, J.R., Miesch, M.S., Toomre, J.: ApJ 533, 546 (2000) 124
64. Ellison, T.H., Turner, J.S.: J. Fluid Mech. 6, 423 (1959) 136
65. Finnigan, T.D., Luther, D.S., Lukas, R.: J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32, 2899 (2002) 146
66. Galperin, B., Kantha, L.H., Hassid, S., Rosati, A.: J. Atmos. Sci. 45 55 (1988) 153
67. Garret, C.J.R., Munk, W.H.: J. Geophys. Res. 80, 291 (1975) 144
68. G.S. Golystin: Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 251, 1356 (1980) 149
69. Gough, D.O., Weiss, N.O.: MNRAS 176, 589 (1976) 113, 114
70. Gregg, M.C.: J. Geophys. Res. 94, 9689 (1989) 144
71. Gregg, M.C., Winkel, D.P., Sanford, T.S., Peters, H.: Dyn. Atm. Oceans 24, 1 (1996) 144
72. Grossman, S.A., Taam, R.E.: MNRAS 283, 1165 (1996) 120
73. Gryanik, V.M., Hartmann, J.: J. Atmos. Sci. 59, 2729 (2002) 130, 131
74. Hamba, F.: J. Atmos. Sci. 52, 1084 (1995) 135
75. Hartmann, J., et al.: Reports on Polar Research. Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, 305, 81 (1999) 129, 130, 132, 133, 134
76. Holtslag, A.A.M., Boville, B.A.: J. Climate 6, 1825 (1993) 117
77. Holtslag, A.A.M., Moeng, C-H.: J. Atmos. Sci. 48, 1690 (1991) 117
78. Howard, L.N.: J. Fluid Mech. 10, 509 (1961) 119
79. Jayne, S.R., St. Laurent, L.C.: Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 811 (2001) 145, 146
80. Kantha, L.H.: Nonlinear Processes in Geophys. 11, 83 (2004) 152
81. Kelley, D.: J. Geophys. Res. 89, 10484 (1984) 120
82. Kelley, D.: J. Geophys. Res. 95, 3365 (1990) 120
83. Khatiwala, S.: Deep Sea Res. 50, 3 (2003) 146
84. Killworth, P.D.: Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 21, 1 (1983) 149
85. Kippenhahn, R., Ruschenplatt, G., Thomas, H.C.: A&A 91, 175 (1980) 121
86. Korn, A.J., Grundahl, F., Richard, O., Barklem, P.S., Mashonkina, L., Collet, R., Piskunov, N., Gustafsson, B.: Nature 442, 657 (2006) 126
87. Kumar, P., Talon, S., Zahn, J.-P.: ApJ 520, 859 (1999) 118, 126
88. Kunze, E., Sanford, T.S.: J. Phys. Ocean 26, 2286 (1996) 144
89. Kupka, F.: ApJL 526, L45 (1999) 128, 129, 135
90. Kupka, F., Montgomery, M.H.: MNRAS 330, L6 (2002) 128, 135
91. Kupka, F., Muthsam, H.J.: In: IAU Symosium 239, Kupka, F., Roxburgh, I.W., Chan, K.L., (eds.), p. 86 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2007) 153, 154
92. Langer, N., Sugimoto, D., Fricke, K.: A&A 126, 207 (1983) 120, 122
93. Langer, N., El Eid, M.F., Fricke, K.: A&A 145, 179 (1985) 120
94. Langer, N., El Eid, M.F., Bara.e, I.: A&A 224, L17 (1989) 120
95. Lappen, C.L., Randall, D.: J. Atmos. Sci. 58, 2021 (2001) 135, 137
96. Lavender, K.L., Davis, R.E., Owens, W.B.: J. Phys. Ocean. 32, 511 (2002) 150
97. Ledwell, J.R., Watson, A.J., Law, C.S.: Nature 364, 701 (1993) 144, 145
98. Ledwell, J.R., Watson, A.J., Law, C.S.: J. Geophy. Res. 103, 21499 (1998) 143, 144, 145
99. Ledwell, J.R., Montgomery, E.T., Polzin, K.L., St. Laurent, L.C., Schmitt, R.W., Toole, J.M.: Nature 403, 179 (2000) 146
100. Ledoux, P.: ApJ 105, 305 (1947) 120
101. Llewellyn Smith, S.G., Young, W.R.: J. Phys. Ocean. 32, 1554 (2002) 146
102. Lenschow, D.H., Mann, J., Kristensen, L.: J. Atmos. Oc. Technol. 11 661 (1994) 131
103. Lenschow, D.H., Wulfmeyer, V., Sen., C.: J. Atmos. Oc. Technol. 17 1330 (2000) 131
104. Leslie, D.C.: Development in the Theory of Turbulence, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1973) 109
105. Maeder, A.: A&A 299, 84 (1995) 119
106. Maeder, A., Meynet, G.: A&A 313, 140 (1996) 119
107. Marshall, J., Schott, F.: Rev. Geophys. 37, 1 (1999) 149, 151
108. Marmorino, G.O., Caldwell, D.R.: Deep Sea Res. 23, 59 (1976) 120
109. Martin, P.J.: J. Geophys. Res. 90, 903 (1985) 119
110. Maxworthy, T.: Ann. Rev. Fluid Dyn. 29, 327 (1997) 149
111. McComb, W.D.: The Physics of Fluid Turbulence, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1990) 109
112. Merry.eld, W.J.: ApJ 444, 318 (1995) 120
113. Miesch, M.S., Elliott, J.R., Toomre, J., Clune, T.L., Glatzmeier, G.A., Gilman, P.A.: ApJ 532, 593 (2000) 155
114. Miles, J.W.: J. Fluid Mech. 10, 496 (1961) 119
115. Mironov, D.V., Gryanik, V.M., Moeng, C.-H., Olbers, D.J., Warncke, T.H.: Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 126, 477 (2000) 129, 130, 132, 134
116. Moeng, C.-H., Randall, D.A.: J. Atmos. Sci. 41, 1588 (1984) 128
117. Montgomery, M.H., Kupka, F.: MNRAS 350, 267 (2004) 128, 135
118. Morris, M.Y., Hall, M.M., St. Laurent, L.C. Hogg, N.G.: J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31, 3331 (2001) 146
119. Morton, B.R., Taylor, G.I., Turner, J.S.: Proc. Roy. Soc. London A 234, 1 (1956) 136
120. Moum, J.N., Osborne, T.R.: J. Phys. Ocean., 16, 125 (1986) 144
121. Munk, W., Wunsch, C.: Deep Sea Res. I. 45, 1977 (1998) 146
122. Naveira Garabato, A., Polzin, K.L., King, B.A., Haywood, K.J., Visbeck, M.: Science 303, 210 (2004) 146
123. O'Brien, E.E., Francis, G.C.: J. Fluid Mech. 13, 369 (1962) 128
124. Ogura, Y.: J. Geophys. Res. 67, 3143 (1962) 128
125. Paluszkiewicz, T., Garwood, R.W., Denbo, D.W.: Oceanography 7, 37 (1994) 137
126. Paluszkiewicz, T., Romea, R.D.: Dyn. Atmos. Oceans 26, 95 (1997) 137, 140
127. Pinsonneault, M.H., Kawaler, S.D., So.a, S., Demarque, P.: ApJ 338 424 (1989) 125
128. Polzin, K.: J. Phys. Ocean. 26, 1409 (1996) 144
129. Polzin, K., Toole, J.M., Schmitt, R.W.: J. Phys. Ocean. 25, 306 (1995) 144
130. Polzin, K., Oakey, N.S., Toole, J.M., Schmitt, R.W.: J. Geophys. Res. 101, 14111 (1996) 146
131. Price, J.F., Yang, J.: In: Chassignet, E.P., Verron, J. (eds.) Ocean Modeling and Parameterizations, pp. 55. Kluwer, Dordrecht (1998) 136
132. Robinson, F.J., Demarque, P., Li, L.H., So.a, S., Kim, Y.-C., Chan, K.L., Guenther, D.B.: MNRAS 340, 923 (2003) 155
133. Rosenthal, C.S., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Nordlund, Å. Stein, R.F., Trampedach, R.: A&A, 351, 689 (1999) 155
134. Roxburgh, I.: A&A 65, 281 (1978) 117
135. Roxburgh, I.: A&A 211, 361 (1989) 117
136. Rubinstein, R., Zhou, Y.: Phys. Fluids 8(11), 3172 (1996) 152
137. Rudiger, G.: Di.erential Rotation and Stellar Convection, Gordon and Breach, New York (1989) 126
138. Saenko, O.A., Merryfield, W.J.: J. Phys. Ocean. 35, 826 (2005) 146
139. Sakashita, S., Hayashi, C.: Prog. Theor. Phys. 22, 830 (1959) 120
140. Salasnich, B., Bressan, A., Chiosi, C.: A&A 342, 131 (1998) 122
141. Samadi, R., Kupka, F., Goupil, M.-J., Lebreton, Y., van't Veer-Menneret C.: A&A 445, 233 (2006) 114
142. Sander, J., Wolf-Gladrow, D., Olbers, D.: J. Geophy. Res. 100, 20579 (1995) 149
143. Schatzman, E., Zahn, J.-P., Morel, P.: A&A 364, 876 (2000) 119
144. Schiestel, R.: Phys. Fluids 30 (3), 722 (1987) 152
145. Schmitt, R.W.: Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 26, 255 (1994) 120
146. Schwarzschild, M., Harm, R.: ApJ 128, 348 (1958) 120
147. Skyllingstad, E.D., Paluszkiewicz, T., Denbo, D.W., Smyth, W.D.: Physica D 98, p. ?!? (1996) 149
148. Simmons, H.L., Jayne, S.R., St. Laurent, L.C., Weaver, A.J.: Ocean Model. 6, 245 (2004) 146
149. St. Laurent, L.C., Schmitt, R.W.: J. Phys. Oceanogr. 29, 1404 (1999) 145
150. St. Laurent, L.C., Garrett, C.: J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32, 2882 (2002) 146
151. St. Laurent, L.C., Simmons, H.: J. Climate 19, 4877 (2006) 147, 148
152. Sokolov, A., Stone, P.H.: Climate Dynamics 14, 291 (1998) 146
153. Spiegel, E.A.: Ann. Rev. Astron. and Astroph. 10, 261 (1972) 120
154. Spiegel, E.A., Zahn, J.-P.: A&A 265, 106 (1992) 117, 125
155. Spruit, H.C.: A&A 253, 131 (1992) 120
156. Stein, R.F., Nordlund, Å.: ApJ 499, 914 (1998) 120, 155
157. Stevens, B., et al. (16 co-authors): Monthly Weather Rev. 133, 1443 (2005) 135
158. Stevenson, D.J.: MNRAS 187, 129 (1979) 120
159. Stothers, R.: MNRAS 151, 65 (1970) 120
160. Stothers, R., Simon, N.R.: ApJ 157, 673 (1969) 121
161. Stothers, R., Chin, C.W.: ApJ 198, 407 (1975) 120
162. Stothers, R., Chin, C.W.: ApJ 204, 472 (1976) 120
163. Talon, S., Zahn, J.-P.: A&A 317, 749 (1997) 119
164. Tatsumi, T.: Proc. Roy. Soc. London A239, 16 (1957) 128
165. The Labrador Sea Deep Convection experiment, J. Phys. Oceanogr. (February 2002) 137, 149
166. Thomas, H.-C.: Z. für Astrophysik 67, 420 (1967) 121
167. Tomczyk, S., Schou, J., Thompson, M.J.: ApJL 448, L57 (1995) 125
168. Toole, J.M., Schmitt, R.W., Polzin, K.L., Kunze, E.: J. Geophys. Res. 102 C1, 947 (1997) 146
169. Toole, J.M.: In: Chassignet, E.P., Verron, J. (eds.) Ocean Modeling and Parameterization, NATO Science Series, Vol. 516, pp. 171-190. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrecht (1998) 144
170. Turner, J.S.: Buoyancy Effects in Fluids, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1973) 120, 138
171. Turner, J.S.: Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 17, 11 (1985) 120
172. Turner, J.S., Stommel, H.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 52, 49 (1964) 120
173. Ulrich, R.K.: ApJ 172, 165 (1972) 121
174. Umezu, M.: MNRAS 298, 193 (1998) 120
175. Umlauf, L., Burchard, H.: Contin. Shelf Res. 25, 795 (2005) 152, 153
176. Wahlin, A.K., Cenedese, C.: Deep Sea Res. 53(1-2), 157 (2006) 136
177. Wang, D., Large, W.G., McWillims, J.C.: J. Geophy. Res. 101, 3649 (1996) 143
178. Weaver, A.J., Bitz, C.M., Fanning, A.F., Holland, M.M.: Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 27, 231 (1999) 148, 149
179. Wedemeyer, S., Freytag, B., Steffen, M., Ludwig, H.-G., Holweger, H.: A&A 414, 1121 (2004) 155
180. Woods, J.D.: Radio Sci. 4, 1289 (1969) 119
181. Woosley, S.E., Heger, A., Weaver, T.A., Langer, N.: In SN 1987A: Ten Years After, ed. M.M. Phillips & N.B. (1999) 122
182. Wyngaard, J.C., Weil, J.C.: Phys. Fluids A3, 155 (1991) 135
183. Xiong, D.R.: Sci. Sinica 28, 764 (1985a) 120
184. Xiong, D.R.: A&A 150, 133 (1985b) 120
185. Xiong, D.R.: A&A 167, 239 (1986) 120
186. Zahn, J.-P.: In: Ledoux, P., Noels, A., Rodgers, W. (eds.) Stellar Instability and Evolution, IAU Symp., Vol. 59, p. 185. Reidell, Dordrecht (1974) 119
187. Zahn, J.-P.: A&A 265, 115 (1992) 125
188. Zeman, O., Lumley, J.L.: J. Atmos. Sci. 33, 1974 (1976) 128