The ACTION study: Nifedipine in patients with symptomatic stable angina and hypertension

Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy

Volumn 6, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 1055-1062

  Sierra, Cristìna ^a   Coca, Antonio ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Angina pectoris; Coronary artery disease; Essential hypertension; Nifedipine GITS

Indexed keywords

ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; CALCIUM ANTAGONIST; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; DIHYDROPYRIDINE; LONG ACTING DRUG; NIFEDIPINE; PLACEBO;

ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY; ASTHENIA; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONSTIPATION; CREATININE BLOOD LEVEL; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE FREE SURVIVAL; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG FATALITY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; HYPOTENSION; IMPOTENCE; INCIDENCE; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; KIDNEY FUNCTION; LEG CRAMP; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; MORTALITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PERIPHERAL EDEMA; POLYURIA; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASE; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SIDE EFFECT; SLOW RELEASE FORMULATION; STABLE ANGINA PECTORIS; STROKE; SUICIDE; SURVIVAL RATE; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; URIC ACID BLOOD LEVEL; VASODILATATION;

ANGINA PECTORIS; BLOOD PRESSURE; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; COMORBIDITY; CORONARY DISEASE; CREATININE; HEART FAILURE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; KIDNEY; NIFEDIPINE; STROKE; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; URIC ACID;

EID: 55249122688     PISSN: 14779072     EISSN: 17448344     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/14779072.6.8.1055     Document Type: Review

References (36)

1. World Health Organization. World Health Report 2003. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland (2003).
2. American Heart Association. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics - 2003 Update. American Heart Association, TX, USA (2002).
3. MRC Working Party. Medical Research Council trial of treatment of mild hypertension: principle results. BMJ 291, 97-104 (1985).
4. Amery A, Birkenhager W, Brixko P et al. Mortality and morbidity results from the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly trial. Lancet 1, 1349-1354 (1985).
5. Dahlöf B, Lindholm LH, Hansson L et al. Morbidity and mortality in the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension (STOP-Hypertension). Lancet 338, 1281-1285 (1991).
6. MRC Working Party. Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results. BMJ 304, 405-413 (1992).
7. SHEP Co-operative Research Group. Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). JAMA 265, 3255-3264 (1991).
8. Staessen JA, Eagard RH, Thijs L et al. Randomised, double-blind comparison of placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. Lancet 350, 757-764 (1997).
9. Brown MJ, Palmer CR, Castaigne A et al. Morbidity and mortality in patients randomised to double-blind treatment with a long-acting calcium channel-blocker or diuretic in the International Nifedipine GITS study: intervention as a goal of hypertension treatment (INSIGHT). Lancet 356, 366-372 (2000).
10. Hansson L, Lindholm LH, Ekborn T et al. Randomised trial of old and new antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients: cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension-2 study. Lancet 354, 1751-1756 (1999).
11. Hansson L, Hedner T, Lund-Johanson P et al. Randomised trial of effects of calcium antagonist therapy compared with diuretics and β-blockers on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Nordic Diltiazem (NORDIL) study. Lancet 356, 359-365 (2000).
12. Turnbull F. Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. Effects of different blood-pressure-lowering regimens on major cardiovascular events: results of prospectively-designed overviews of randomised trials. Lancet 362, 1527-1535 (2003).
13. Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. Effects of different regimens to lower blood pressure on major cardiovascular events in older and younger adults: meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ 336,1121-1123 (2008).
14. Lenfant C. The calcium channel blocker scare. Lessons for the future. Circulation 91, 2855-2856 (1995).
15. Opie LH, Messerli FH. Nifedipine and mortality. Grave defects in the dossier. Circulation 92, 1068-1073 (1995).
16. Poole-Wilson PA. The calcium antagonist controversy; implications beyond drug prescription. Eur. Heart J. 17, 1131-1133 (1996).
17. Kaplan NM. Do calcium antagonists cause death, gastrointestinal bleeding, and cancer? Am. J. Cardiol. 78, 932-933 (1996).
18. Psary BM, Heckbert SR, Koebsell TD et al. The risk of myocardial infarction associated with antihypertensive drug therapies. JAMA 274, 620-625 (1995).
19. Furberg CD, Psaty BM, Meyer JV. Nifedipine. Dose-related increase in mortality in patients with coronary heart disease. Circulation 92, 1326-1331 (1995).
20. Pahor M, Guralnik JM, Corti MC et al. Long-term survival and use of antihypertensive medications in older persons. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 43, 1191-1197 (1995).
21. Furberg CD, Psaty BM. Should calcium antagonists be first-line agents in the treatment of cardiovascular disease? The public health perspective. Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. 10, 463-466 (1996).
22. Opie LH, Yusuf S, Kubler W. Current status of safety and efficacy of calcium channel blockers in cardiovascular diseases: a critical analysis based on 100 studies. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 43, 171-196 (2000).
23. Eisenberg MJ, Brox A, Bestawros AN. Calcium channel blockers: an update. Am. J. Med. 116, 35-43 (2004).
24. Pitt B, Byington RP, Furberg CD et al. Effect of amlodipine on the progression of atherosclerosis and the occurrence of clinical events. PREVENT Investigators. Circulation 102, 1503-1510 (2000).
25. Poole-Wilson PA, Lubsen J, Kirwan BA et al. Effect of long-acting nifedipine on mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in patients with stable angina requiring treatment (ACTION trial): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 364, 849-857 (2004).
26. Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Lobby P et al. Effect of antihypertensive agents on cardiovascular events in patients with coronary disease and normal blood pressure: the CAMELOT study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 292, 2217-2225 (2004).
27. Poole-Wilson PA, Kirwan BA, Vokó Z et al. Safety of nifedipine GITS in stable angina: The ACTION Trial. Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. 20, 45-54 (2006).
28. Lubsen J, Wagener G, Kirwan BA et al. Effect of long-acting nifedipine on mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in patients with symptomatic stable angina and hypertension: the ACTION trial. J. Hypertens. 23, 641-648 (2005).
29. Coca A, Messerli FH, Benetos A et al. Predicting stroke risk in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. A report from the INVEST. Stroke 39, 343-348 (2008).
30. Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A et al. 2007 ESH-ESC Practice Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: ESH-ESC Task Force on the Management of Arterial Hypertension. J. Hypertens. 25, 1751-1762 (2007).
31. Weber M, Julius S, Kjeldsen S et al. Blood pressure dependent and independent effects of antihypertensive treatment on clinical events in the VALUE trial. Lancet 363, 2049-2051 (2004).
32. Lubsen J, Vokó Z, Poole-Wilson PA et al. Blood pressure reduction in stable angina by nifedipine was related to stroke and heart failure reduction but not to coronary interventions. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 60, 720-726 (2007).
33. ENCORE Investigators. Effect of nifedipine and cerivastatin on coronary endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease: the ENCORE I Study (Evaluation of Nifedipine and Cerivastatin On Recovery of coronary Endothelial function). Circulation 107, 422-428 (2003).
34. Ix JH, Shlipak MG, Liu HH et al. Association between renal insufficiency and inducible ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease: the heart and soul study. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14, 3233-3238 (2003).
35. Jafar TH, Schmidt CH, Landa M et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and progression of nondiabetic renal disease. A meta-analysis of patient-level data. Ann. Intern. Med. 135, 73-87 (2001).
36. Ruilope LM, Kirwan BA, de Brouwer S et al. Uric acid and other renal function parameters in patients with stable angina pectoris participating in the ACTION trial: impact of nifedipine GITS (gastrointestinal therapeutic system) and relation to outcome. J. Hypertens. 25, 1711-1718 (2007).