A novel fused iron catalyst for ammonia synthesis promoted with rare earth gangue

Journal of Rare Earths

Volumn 26, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 711-716

  YU, Xiujin ^a   LIN, Bingyu ^a   LIN, Jianxin ^a   WANG, Rong ^a   WEI, Kemei ^a  

^a FUZHOU UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

ammonia synthesis; fused iron catalyst; promoter; rare earth gangue

Indexed keywords

AMMONIA; CATALYSIS; CATALYST ACTIVITY; CATALYSTS; CERIUM COMPOUNDS; COBALT; IRON OXIDES; KINETIC THEORY; PRASEODYMIUM; RARE EARTH ELEMENTS; TRANSITION METALS;

AMMONIA CATALYSTS; AMMONIA SYNTHESIS; FUSED IRON CATALYST; IRON CATALYSTS; LANTHANA; LIGHT RARE EARTHS; NEODYMIUM OXIDES; PRASEODYMIUM OXIDES; PROMOTER;

RARE EARTHS;

EID: 55149118963     PISSN: 10020721     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1002-0721(08)60168-4     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Nielsen A., and Bohlbro H. Investigation on surface properties of reduced iron catalysts for the synthesis of ammonia and correlation with crystal sizes and high pressure conversion activities. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74 4 (1952) 963
2. Topsoe H., Dumesic J.A., and Boudart M. Alumina as a textural promoter of iron synthetic ammonia catalysts. J. Catal. 28 3 (1973) 477
3. Dry M.E., du Plessis J., and Leuteritz G.M. The influence of structural promoters on the surface properties of reduced magnetite catalysts. J. Catal. 6 2 (1966) 194
4. Kowalczyk Z., Jodzis S., Sroda J., Diduszko R., and Kowalczyk E. Influence of aluminium and potassium on activity and texture of fused iron Catalysts for ammonia synthesis. Appl. Catal. A 87 1 (1992) 1
5. Strongin D.R., Bare S.R., and Somorjai G.A. The effects of aluminum oxide in restructuring iron single crystal surfaces for ammonia synthesis. J. Catal. 103 2 (1987) 289
6. Ertl G., Weiss M., and Lee S.B. The role of potassium in the catalytic synthesis of ammonia. Chem. Phys. Lett. 60 3 (1979) 391
7. Altenburg K., Bosch H., Van Ommen J.G., and Gellings P.J. The role of potassium as a promoter in iron catalysts for ammonia synthesis. J. Catal. 66 2 (1980) 326
8. Krabetz R., and Peters C. The Function of the promotors in the Technical Ammonia Catalyst. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 4 4 (1965) 341
9. Takeshita T., Wallace W.E., and Craig R.S. Rare earth intermetallics as synthetic ammonia catalysts. J. Catal. 44 2 (1976) 236
10. Aleksic B., and Bogdanov S. Thermal analysis of the effect of samarium oxide on the reduction of precipitated ammonia synthesis catalyst. Thermochim. Acta 93 (1985) 693
11. 3 catalyst for ammonia-synthesis. Chem. Lett. 19 7 (1990) 1067
12. 3 catalyst. J. Catal. 136 1 (1992) 118
13. Le Z.P., Lin J.X., Yu X.J., Huang Y.Y., and Wei K.M. Lanthanum-promoted Ru/sepiolite in ammonia synthesis. J. Rare Earths 23 3 (2005) 386
14. Wang J., Wang R., Xie F., Lin J., Yu X., and Wei K. Preparation and characterization over monolith ruthenium catalyst modified by rare earth metal oxide. J. Chin. Rare Earth Soc. 24 6 (2006) 666 (in Chin.)
15. 3 by hydrazine reduction. Catal. Commun. 8 11 (2007) 1838
16. Liang C.H., Wei Z.B., Xin Q., and Li C. Ammonia synthesis over Ru/C catalysts with different carbon supports promoted by barium and potassium compounds. Appl. Catal. A 208 1-2 (2001) 193
17. Gong B., Wang R., Lin B., Xie F., Yu X., and Wei K. Preparation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-cordierite monoliths by catalytic chemical vapor deposition as catalyst supports for ammonia synthesis. Catal. Lett. 122 3 (2008) 287
18. Pinto A, Ammonia production process. United States: 4298588, 1981.
19. Tang R.Y., Zhang S., Wang C., Liang D., and Lin L. An in situ combined temperature-programmed reduction-Mossbauer spectroscopy of alumina-supported iron catalysts. J. Catal. 106 2 (1987) 440
20. Jozwiak W.K., Kaczmarek E., Maniecki T.P., Ignaczak W., and Maniukiewicz W. Reduction behavior of iron oxides in hydrogen and carbon monoxide atmospheres. Appl. Catal. A 326 1 (2007) 17
21. Pinna F., Fantinel T., Strukul G., Benedetti A., and Pernicone N. TPR and XRD study of ammonia synthesis catalysts. Appl. Catal. A 149 2 (1997) 341
22. Smith P.J., Taylor D.W., Dowden D.A., Kemball C., and Taylor D. Ammonia synthesis and related reactions over iron-cobalt and iron-nickel alloy catalysts: part II. catalysts reduced above 853 K. Appl. Catal. 3 4 (1982) 303
23. Brown R., Cooper M.E., and Whan D.A. Temperature programmed reduction of alumina-supported iron, cobalt and nickel bimetallic catalysts. Appl. Catal. 3 2 (1982) 177
24. Taylor D.W., Smith P.J., Dowden D.A., Kemball C., and Whan D.A. Ammonia synthesis and related reactions over iron-cobalt and iron-nickel alloy catalysts. Part I. Catalysts reduced at 853 K. Appl. Catal. 3 2 (1982) 161
25. Pattek-Janczyk A., and Miczko B. Effect of preliminary heating on the activation of model iron catalyst for ammonia synthesis.: I. Mossbauer studies of the catalyst reduction. Appl. Catal. A 124 2 (1995) 253
26. Liu H.Z. Ammonia synthesis catalysts: practice and theory (2007), Chemical Industry Press, Beijing 162
27. Kalenczuk R.J. Effect of cobalt on the morphology and activity of fused iron catalyst for ammonia synthesis. Appl. Catal. A 112 2 (1994) 149
28. Kalenczuk R.J. Cobalt promoted fused iron catalyst for ammonia synthesis. Int. J. Inorg. Mater. 2 2-3 (2000) 233
29. Liu H.Z., Li X.N., and Hu Z.N. Development of novel low temperature and low pressure ammonia synthesis catalyst. Appl. Catal. A 142 2 (1996) 209
30. 3 in ammonia synthesis. J. Catal. 161 1 (1996) 178
31. Siporin S.E., and Davis R.J. Isotopic transient analysis of ammonia synthesis over Ru/MgO catalysts promoted by cesium, barium, or lanthanum. J. Catal. 222 2 (2004) 315
32. Siporin S.E., and Davis R.J. Use of kinetic models to explore the role of base promoters on Ru/MgO ammonia synthesis catalysts. J. Catal. 225 2 (2004) 359
33. 2 for ammonia synthesis. Chem. Lett. 25 1 (1996) 3
34. Niwa Y., and Aika K. The promoter effect of lanthana on MgO supported ruthenium catalysts for ammonia synthesis. Res. Chem. Intermediate 24 5 (1998) 593