Sleep disorders and end-stage renal disease

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine

Volumn 14, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 543-550

  Hanly, Patrick ^a,b  

^a FOOTHILLS HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^b Health Sciences Centre Calgary   (Canada)

Author keywords

Dialysis; Kidney failure; Sleep apnea

Indexed keywords

BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; CLONAZEPAM; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; ERYTHROPOIETIN; HYPNOTIC AGENT; IRON; LEVODOPA; OPIATE DERIVATIVE; PERGOLIDE; PRAMIPEXOLE; ROPINIROLE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; ANEMIA; BONE PAIN; BRAIN DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHEMOSENSITIVITY; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; COGNITIVE THERAPY; DAYTIME SOMNOLENCE; DEPRESSION; DROWSINESS; DRUG DEPENDENCE; DRUG USE; FATIGUE; HEMODIALYSIS; HUMAN; HYPERCALCEMIA; HYPERCAPNIA; INSOMNIA; IRON DEFICIENCY; KIDNEY FAILURE; KIDNEY FUNCTION; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; LEG MOVEMENT; LUNG VENTILATION; MORTALITY; MOTOR DYSFUNCTION; OXYGEN THERAPY; PATHOGENESIS; PERIODIC LIMB MOVEMENT DISORDER; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; POSITIVE END EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; PREVALENCE; PRURITUS; QUALITY OF LIFE; REM SLEEP; RESPIRATION CONTROL; RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME; REVIEW; SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME; SLEEP DISORDER; SOMNOLENCE; UREMIA;

HUMANS; KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC; PREVALENCE; RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME; SLEEP APNEA SYNDROMES; SLEEP DISORDERS; SLEEP INITIATION AND MAINTENANCE DISORDERS;

EID: 55149090267     PISSN: 10705287     EISSN: 15316971     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e3283130f96     Document Type: Review

References (71)

1. Murtagh FE, Addington-Hall J, Higginson IJ. The prevalence of symptoms in end-stage renal disease: a systematic review. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2007; 14:82-99. This systematic review of 60 published studies highlights the prevalence of sleep related symptoms in patients with ESRD.
2. Weisbord SD, Fried LF, Mor MK, et al. Renal provider recognition of symptoms in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 2:960-967. Using the Dialysis Symptom Index, this study reports that renal healthcare providers underestimate the prevalence and severity of symptoms in chronic dialysis patients.
3. Merlino G, Piani A, Dolso P, et al. Sleep disorders in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis therapy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006; 21:184-190.
4. Liakopoulos V, Stefanidis I, Eleftheriadis T, et al. Age and underdialysis as predictors of sleep disorders in peritoneal dialysis patients, Int Urol Nephrol 2006; 38:359-360.
5. Perl J, Unruh ML, Chan CT. Sleep disorders in end-stage renal disease: 'Markers of inadequate dialysis'? Kidney Int 2006; 70:1687-1693.
6. Holley JL, Nespor S, Rault R. Characterizing sleep disorders in chronic hemodialysis patients. ASAIO Trans 1991; 37:M456-M457.
7. Unruh ML, Hartunian MG, Chapman MM, et al. Sleep quality and clinical correlates in patients on maintenance dialysis. Clin Nephrol 2003; 59:280-288.
8. Yngman-Uhlin P, Edell-Gustafsson U. Self-reported subjective sleep quality and fatigue in patients with peritoneal dialysis treatment at home, Int J Nurs Pract 2006; 12:143-152.
9. Eryavuz N, Yuksel S, Acarturk G, et al. Comparison of sleep quality between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients, Int Urol Nephrol 2008; 40:785-791. Using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, this study shows a high and similar prevalence of poor sleep quality in patients treated with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
10. Hanly PJ, Pierratos A. Improvement of sleep apnea in patients with chronic renal failure who undergo nocturnal hemodialysis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:102-107.
11. Hanly PJ, Gabor JY, Chan C, et al. Daytime sleepiness in patients with CRF: impact of nocturnal hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 41:403-410.
12. Parker KP, Bliwise DL, Bailey JL, et al. Daytime sleepiness in stable hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 41:394-402.
13. Stepanski E, Faber M, Zorick F, et al. Sleep disorders in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 1995; 6: 192-197.
14. Walker S, Fine A, Kryger MH. Sleep complaints are common in a dialysis unit. Am J Kidney Dis 1995; 26:751-756.
15. Pai MF, Hsu SP, Yang SY, et al. Sleep disturbance in chronic hemodialysis patients: the impact of depression and anemia. Ren Fail 2007; 29:673-677. This study highlights the correlation between depression and insomnia in chronic hemodialysis patients.
16. Molzahn AE, Northcott HC, Dossetor JB. Quality of life of individuals with end stage renal disease: perceptions of patients, nurses, and physicians. ANNA J 1997; 24:325-333.
17. Parfrey PS, Vavasour HM, Henry S, et al. Clinical features and severity of nonspecific symptoms in dialysis patients. Nephron 1988; 50:121-128.
18. Unruh ML, Buysse DJ, Dew MA, et al. Sleep quality and its correlates in the first year of dialysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 1:802-810.
19. Elder SJ, Pisoni RL, Akizawa T, et al. Sleep quality predicts quality of life and mortality risk in haemodialysis patients: results from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 23:998-1004. Eleven thousand three hundred and fifty-one patients who were on chronic dialysis were questioned regarding sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was reported by 49% of patients and was associated with an increased mortality risk.
20. Noda A, Nakai S, Soga T, et al. Factors contributing to sleep disturbance and hypnotic drug use in hemodialysis patients. Intern Med 2006; 45:1273-1278.
21. Chen HY, Chiang CK, Wang HH, et al. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for sleep disturbance in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Am J Kidney Dis 2008; 52:314-323. A small, randomized controlled study that shows the value of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the management of chronic insomnia in patients on peritoneal dialysis.
22. Carskadon MA, Dement WC, Mitler MM, et al. Guidelines for the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT): a standard measure of sleepiness. Sleep 1986; 9:519-524.
23. Johns JW. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep 1991; 14:540-545.
24. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The international classification of sleep disorders. Diagnostic and coding manual. 2nd ed. Westchester: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2005. pp. 178-187.
25. Hui DS, Wong TY, Ko FW, et al. Prevalence of sleep disturbances in Chinese patients with end-stage renal failure on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 36:783-788.
26. Holley JL, Nespor S, Rault R. A comparison of reported sleep disorders in patients on chronic hemodialysis and continuous peritoneal dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 1992; 19:156-161.
27. Unruh ML, Levey AS, D'Ambrosio C, et al. Restless legs symptoms among incident dialysis patients: association with lower quality of life and shorter survival. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 43:900-909.
28. Takaki J, Nishi T, Nangaku M, et al. Clinical and psychological aspects of restless legs syndrome in uremic patients on hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 41:833-839.
29. Benz RL, Pressman MR, Hovick ET, et al. Potential novel predictors of mortality in end-stage renal disease patients with sleep disorders. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 35:1052-1060.
30. Ali NJ, Davies RJ, Fleetham JA, et al. Periodic movements of the legs during sleep associated with rises in systemic blood pressure. Sleep 1991; 14:163-165.
31. Gigli GL, Adorati M, Dolso P, et al. Restless legs syndrome in end-stage renal disease. Sleep Med 2004; 5:309-315.
32. Benz RL, Pressman MR, Hovick ET, et al. A preliminary study of the effects of correction of anemia with recombinant human erythropoietin therapy on sleep, sleep disorders, and daytime sleepiness in hemodialysis patients (The SLEEPO study). Am J Kidney Dis 1999; 34:1089-1095.
33. Sloand JA, Shelly MA, Feigin A, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous iron dextran therapy in patients with ESRD and restless legs syndrome. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 43:663-670.
34. Trenkwalder C, Stiasny K, Pollmacher T, et al. L-Dopa therapy of uremic and idiopathic restless legs syndrome: a double-blind, crossover trial. Sleep 1995; 18:681-688.
35. Pieta J, Millar T, Zacharias J, et al. Effect of pergolide on restless legs and leg movements in sleep in uremic patients. Sleep 1998; 21:617-622.
36. Miranda M, Kagi M, Fabres L, et al. Pramipexole for the treatment of uremic restless legs in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Neurology 2004; 62:831-832.
37. Pellecchia MT, Vitale C, Sabatini M, et al. Ropinirole as a treatment of restless legs syndrome in patients on chronic hemodialysis: an open randomized crossover trial versus levodopa sustained release. Clin Neuropharmacol 2004; 27:178-181.
38. Braude W, Barnes T. Clonazepam: effective treatment for restless legs syndrome in uraemia. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1982; 284:510.
39. Molnar MZ, Novak M, Ambrus C, et al. Restless legs syndrome in patients after renal transplantation. Am J Kidney Dis 2005; 45:388-396.
40. Beecroft JM, Zaltzman J, Prasad R, et al. Improvement of periodic limb movements following kidney transplantation. Clin Nephrol 2008; 109:c133-c139. The first study to show that periodic leg movements improve following kidney transplantation.
41. Kimmel PL, Miller G, Mendelson WB. Sleep apnea syndrome in chronic renal disease. Am J Med 1989; 86:308-314.
42. Wadhwa NK, Mendelson WB. A comparison of sleep-disordered respiration in ESRD patients receiving hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Adv Perit Dial 1992; 8:195-198.
43. Unruh ML, Sanders MH, Redline S, et al. Sleep apnea in patients on conventional thrice-weekly hemodialysis: comparison with matched controls from the Sleep Heart Health Study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17:3503-3509.
44. Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, et al. The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med 1993; 328:1230-1235.
45. Beecroft J, Pierratos A, Hanly P. Clinical presentation of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with end-stage renal disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 117:A937. Preliminary study that highlights differences in the clinical features of sleep apnea in ESRD patient compared with those with normal renal function. 46 Heslegrave R, Thornley K, Ouwendyk M, et al. Impact of nocturnal hemodialysis on sleep and daytime cognitive functioning in patients with chronic renal failure. Sleep 1998; 21 (3 Suppl):1.
46. Bloembergen WE, Port FK, Mauger EA, et al. A comparison of cause of death between patients treated with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 1995; 6:184-191.
47. Peppard PE, Young T, Palta M, et al. Prospective study of the association between sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension. N Engl J Med 2000; 342:1378-1384.
48. Marin JM, Carrizo SJ, Vicente E, et al. Long-term cardiovascular outcomes in men with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea with or without treatment with continuous positive airway pressure: an observational study. Lancet 2005; 365:1046-1053.
49. Yaggi HK, Concato J, Kernan WN, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea as a risk factor for stroke and death. N Engl J Med 2005; 353:2034-2041.
50. Mooe T, Franklin KA, Wiklund U, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease. Chest 2000; 117:1597-1602.
51. Lavie L. Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome - an oxidative stress disorder. Sleep Med Rev 2003; 7:35-51.
52. Larkin EK, Rosen CL, Kirchner HL, et al. Variation of C-reactive protein levels in adolescents: association with sleep-disordered breathing and sleep duration. Circulation 2005; 111:1978-1984.
53. Lavie L. Sleep-disordered breathing and cerebrovascular disease: a mechanistic approach. Neural Clin 2005; 23:1059-1075.
54. Benca RM, Quintas J. Sleep and host defenses: a review. Sleep 1997; 20:1027-1037.
55. Charest AF, Hanly PJ, Parkes RK, et al. Impact of sleep apnea on mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 637A.
56. Pressman MR, Benz RL, Schleifer CR, et al. Sleep disordered breathing in ESRD: acute beneficial effects of treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure. Kidney Int 1993; 43:1134-1139.
57. Beecroft J, Duffin J, Pierratos A, et al. Enhanced chemo-responsiveness in patients with sleep apnoea and end-stage renal disease. Eur Respir J 2006; 28:151-158.
58. Younes M, Ostrowski M, Thompson W, et al. Chemical control stability in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163:1181-1190.
59. Beecroft JM, Duffin J, Pierratos A, et al. Decreased chemosensitivity and improvement of sleep apnea by nocturnal hemodialysis. Sleep Med 2008. [Epub ahead of print]. First study to show that chemosensitivity decreases following conversion from conventional to NHD that may contribute to the improvement in sleep apnea.
60. Anastassov GE, Trieger N. Edema in the upper airway in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998; 86:644-647.
61. Shepard JW Jr, Pevernagie DA, Stanson AW, et al. Effects of changes in central venous pressure on upper airway size in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153:250-254.
62. Chiu KL, Ryan CM, Shiota S, et al. Fluid shift by lower body positive pressure increases pharyngeal resistance in healthy subjects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174:1378-1387.
63. Mendelson WB, Wadhwa NK, Greenberg HE, et al. Effects of hemodialysis on sleep apnea syndrome in end-stage renal disease. Clin Nephrol 1990; 33:247-251.
64. Kimoff RJ, Sforza E, Champagne V, et al. Upper airway sensation in snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:250-255.
65. Boyd JH, Petrof BJ, Hamid Q, et al. Upper airway muscle inflammation and denervation changes in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 170:541-546.
66. Beecroft JM, Hoffstein V, Pierratos A, et al. Pharyngeal narrowing in end-stage renal disease: implications for obstructive sleep apnoea. Eur Respir J 2007; 30:965-971. First study to show that ESRD patients have a narrower pharynx than those with normal renal function that may contribute to the pathogenesis and very high prevalence of sleep apnea in this patient population.
67. Beecroft JM, Hoffstein V, Pierratos A, et al. Nocturnal haemodialysis increases pharyngeal size in patients with sleep apnoea and end-stage renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 23:673-679. First study to show that conversion from conventional to NHD increases pharyngeal size that may contribute to improvement of sleep apnea.
68. Loewen A, Siemens A, Hanly PJ. Sleep quality in patients with end-stage renal disease: contribution of sleep apnea and periodic leg movements. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 117:A936. Preliminary data that show that sleep apnea patients with ESRD have more fragmented sleep than sleep apnea patients with normal renal function that may make it more difficult for them to tolerate treatment with CPAP. 70 Hanly PJ, Millar TW, Steljes DG, et al. The effect of oxygen on respiration and sleep in patients with congestive heart failure. Ann Intern Med 1989; 111: 777-782.
69. Tang SC, Lam B, Ku PP, et al. Alleviation of sleep apnea in patients with chronic renal failure by nocturnal cycler-assisted peritoneal dialysis compared with conventional continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17:2607-2616.
70. Auckley DH, Schmidt-Nowara W, Brown LK. Reversal of sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome in end-stage renal disease after kidney transplantation. Am J Kidney Dis 1999; 34:739-744.
71. Beecroft JM, Zaltzman J, Prasad R, et al. Impact of kidney transplantation on sleep apnoea in patients with end-stage renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007; 22:3028-3033. This study shows that sleep apnea does not improve in all patients following kidney transplantation that is contrary to what has previously been suggested by individual case reports.