메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 1142, Issue , 2008, Pages 72-84

Drug-induced movement disorders in children

Author keywords

Antipsychotics; Bipolar disorder; Children; Dopamine receptor blocking medications; Dystonia; Iatrogenic disorders; Movement disorders; Psychotropic medications; Tardive dyskinesia; Tics

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ARIPIPRAZOLE; ATOMOXETINE; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; BENZATROPINE; BROMOCRIPTINE; CHLORPROMAZINE; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DANTROLENE; DIPHENHYDRAMINE; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; FLUPHENAZINE; HALOPERIDOL; METHYLPHENIDATE; METIROSINE; METOCLOPRAMIDE; MOOD STABILIZER; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; OLANZAPINE; PIMOZIDE; PROCHLORPERAZINE; PSYCHOSTIMULANT AGENT; QUETIAPINE; RESERPINE; RISPERIDONE; TETRABENAZINE; UNINDEXED DRUG; ZIPRASIDONE;

EID: 54949102743     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: 17496632     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1196/annals.1444.005     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (19)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 0034704577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in the prescribing of psychotropic medications to preschoolers
    • Zito, J.M. et al. 2000. Trends in the prescribing of psychotropic medications to preschoolers. JAMA 283 : 1025 1030.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 1025-1030
    • Zito, J.M.1
  • 2
    • 0037312986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic variation in the prevalence of stimulant medication use among children 5 to 14 years old: Results from a commercially insured US sample
    • Cox, E.R. et al. 2003. Geographic variation in the prevalence of stimulant medication use among children 5 to 14 years old: results from a commercially insured US sample. Pediatrics 111 : 237 243.
    • (2003) Pediatrics , vol.111 , pp. 237-243
    • Cox, E.R.1
  • 3
    • 0035038627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pediatric stimulant and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor prescription trends: 1992 to 1998.
    • &
    • Rushton, J.L. & J.T. Whitmire. 2001. Pediatric stimulant and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor prescription trends: 1992 to 1998. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 155 : 560 565.
    • (2001) Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. , vol.155 , pp. 560-565
    • Rushton, J.L.1    Whitmire, J.T.2
  • 4
    • 1842427797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in the use of antidepressants in a national sample of commercially insured pediatric patients, 1998 to 2002
    • Delate, T. et al. 2004. Trends in the use of antidepressants in a national sample of commercially insured pediatric patients, 1998 to 2002. Psychiatr. Serv. 55 : 387 391.
    • (2004) Psychiatr. Serv. , vol.55 , pp. 387-391
    • Delate, T.1
  • 5
    • 33744907790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National trends in the outpatient treatment of children and adolescents with antipsychotic drugs
    • Olfson, M. et al. 2006. National trends in the outpatient treatment of children and adolescents with antipsychotic drugs. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 63 : 679 685.
    • (2006) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.63 , pp. 679-685
    • Olfson, M.1
  • 6
    • 0034880932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prescription of psychotropic medications to youths in office-based practice.
    • Goodwin, R. et al. 2001. Prescription of psychotropic medications to youths in office-based practice. Psychiatr. Serv. 52 : 1081 1087.
    • (2001) Psychiatr. Serv. , vol.52 , pp. 1081-1087
    • Goodwin, R.1
  • 7
    • 33746997294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of antipsychotics by the young rose fivefold
    • June 6, 2006.
    • Carey, B. 2006. Use of antipsychotics by the young rose fivefold. New York Times. June 6, 2006.
    • (2006) New York Times.
    • Carey, B.1
  • 8
    • 44949250885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychiatrists, children and drug industry's role
    • & May 10, 2007.
    • Harris, G., B. Carey & J. Roberts. 2007. Psychiatrists, children and drug industry's role. New York Times. May 10, 2007.
    • (2007) New York Times.
    • Harris, G.1    Carey, B.2    Roberts, J.3
  • 9
    • 0013616441 scopus 로고
    • Tourette's disease: Symptomatic relief with haloperidol
    • &
    • Chapel, J.L., N. Brown & R.L. Jenkins. 1964. Tourette's disease: symptomatic relief with haloperidol. Am. J. Psychiatry 121 : 608 610.
    • (1964) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.121 , pp. 608-610
    • Chapel, J.L.1    Brown, N.2    Jenkins, R.L.3
  • 10
    • 0024337427 scopus 로고
    • Controlled study of haloperidol, pimozide and placebo for the treatment of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome
    • Shapiro, E. et al. 1989. Controlled study of haloperidol, pimozide and placebo for the treatment of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 46 : 722 730.
    • (1989) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 722-730
    • Shapiro, E.1
  • 11
    • 0023910125 scopus 로고
    • Subtle and underrecognized side effects of neuroleptic treatment in children with Tourette's disorder
    • Bruun, R.D. 1988. Subtle and underrecognized side effects of neuroleptic treatment in children with Tourette's disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry 145 : 621 624.
    • (1988) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.145 , pp. 621-624
    • Bruun, R.D.1
  • 12
    • 0029990103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes of haloperidol discontinuation in patients with Tourette's disorder: Management and alternatives
    • Silva, R.R. et al. 1996. Causes of haloperidol discontinuation in patients with Tourette's disorder: management and alternatives. J. Clin. Psychiatry 57 : 129 135.
    • (1996) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.57 , pp. 129-135
    • Silva, R.R.1
  • 13
    • 0030872372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative efficacy of haloperidol and pimozide in children and adolescents with Tourette's disorder
    • Sallee, F.R. et al. 1997. Relative efficacy of haloperidol and pimozide in children and adolescents with Tourette's disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry 154 : 1057 1062.
    • (1997) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 1057-1062
    • Sallee, F.R.1
  • 14
    • 0031419917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing patterns of psychotropic medications prescribed by child psychiatrists in the 1990s
    • Safer, D.J. 1997. Changing patterns of psychotropic medications prescribed by child psychiatrists in the 1990s. J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol. 7 : 267 274.
    • (1997) J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol. , vol.7 , pp. 267-274
    • Safer, D.J.1
  • 15
    • 33144487248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnoses and antipsychotic treatment among youths in a public mental health system
    • &
    • Patel, N.C., M.L. Crismon & A. Shafer. 2006. Diagnoses and antipsychotic treatment among youths in a public mental health system. Ann. Pharmacotherapy 40 : 205 211.
    • (2006) Ann. Pharmacotherapy , vol.40 , pp. 205-211
    • Patel, N.C.1    Crismon, M.L.2    Shafer, A.3
  • 16
    • 19344378756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in the use of typical and atypical antipsychotics in children and adolescents
    • Patel, N.C. et al. 2005. Trends in the use of typical and atypical antipsychotics in children and adolescents. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 44 : 548 556.
    • (2005) J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.44 , pp. 548-556
    • Patel, N.C.1
  • 17
    • 3242658146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of risperidone-induced weight gain across the age span
    • Safer, D.J. 2004. A comparison of risperidone-induced weight gain across the age span. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 24 : 429 436.
    • (2004) J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. , vol.24 , pp. 429-436
    • Safer, D.J.1
  • 18
    • 34548396284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National trends in the outpatient diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder in youth
    • Moreno, C. et al. 2007. National trends in the outpatient diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder in youth. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 64 : 1032 1039.
    • (2007) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.64 , pp. 1032-1039
    • Moreno, C.1
  • 19
    • 35348944454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tardive dyskinesia in children treated with atypical antipsychotic medications
    • Wonodi, I. et al. 2007. Tardive dyskinesia in children treated with atypical antipsychotic medications. Mov. Disord. 22 : 1777 1782.
    • (2007) Mov. Disord. , vol.22 , pp. 1777-1782
    • Wonodi, I.1
  • 20
    • 34548700172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipsychotic-related abnormal involuntary movements and metabolic and endocrine side effects in children and adolescents
    • Laita, P. et al. 2007. Antipsychotic-related abnormal involuntary movements and metabolic and endocrine side effects in children and adolescents. J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol. 17 : 487 502.
    • (2007) J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol. , vol.17 , pp. 487-502
    • Laita, P.1
  • 21
    • 34249274929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight gain and metabolic effects of mood stabilizers and antipsychotics in pediatric bipolar disorder: A systematic review and pooled analysis of short-term trials
    • Correll, C.U. 2007. Weight gain and metabolic effects of mood stabilizers and antipsychotics in pediatric bipolar disorder: a systematic review and pooled analysis of short-term trials. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 46 : 687 700.
    • (2007) J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 687-700
    • Correll, C.U.1
  • 22
    • 0032916546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in children and adolescents
    • Silva, R.R. et al. 1999. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in children and adolescents. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 38 : 187 194.
    • (1999) J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.38 , pp. 187-194
    • Silva, R.R.1
  • 23
    • 0029665267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Movements in never-medicated schizophrenics: A preliminary study
    • Fenn, D.S. et al. 1996. Movements in never-medicated schizophrenics: a preliminary study. Psychopharmacology 123 : 206 210.
    • (1996) Psychopharmacology , vol.123 , pp. 206-210
    • Fenn, D.S.1
  • 24
    • 0030874672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of spontaneous dyskinesia in schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic psychiatric patients.
    • Erratum in Br. J. Psychiatry 172: 97.
    • Fenton, W.S. et al. 1997. Prevalence of spontaneous dyskinesia in schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic psychiatric patients. Br. J. Psychiatry 171 : 265 268 Erratum in Br. J. Psychiatry 172: 97
    • (1997) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.171 , pp. 265-268
    • Fenton, W.S.1
  • 25
    • 0037072253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The behavioral spectrum of tic disorders: A community-based study
    • Kurlan, R. et al. 2002. The behavioral spectrum of tic disorders: a community-based study. Neurology 59 : 414 420.
    • Neurology , vol.59 , pp. 414-420
    • Kurlan, R.1
  • 26
    • 0035940576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of tics in schoolchildren and association with placement in special education
    • Kurlan, R. et al. 2001. Prevalence of tics in schoolchildren and association with placement in special education. Neurology 57 : 1383 1388.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , pp. 1383-1388
    • Kurlan, R.1
  • 27
    • 0028230890 scopus 로고
    • Tourette's syndrome in a special education population: A pilot study involving a single school district
    • Kurlan, R. et al. 1994. Tourette's syndrome in a special education population: a pilot study involving a single school district. Neurology 44 : 699 702.
    • (1994) Neurology , vol.44 , pp. 699-702
    • Kurlan, R.1
  • 28
    • 0025818923 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and genetic relationships between autism-pervasive developmental disorder and Tourette syndrome: A study of 19 cases
    • &
    • Comings, D.E. & B.G. Comings. 1991. Clinical and genetic relationships between autism-pervasive developmental disorder and Tourette syndrome: a study of 19 cases. Am. J. Med. Genet. 39 : 180 191.
    • (1991) Am. J. Med. Genet. , vol.39 , pp. 180-191
    • Comings, D.E.1    Comings, B.G.2
  • 29
    • 0034101181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of tics in Asperger's syndrome and autistic disorder
    • &
    • Ringman, J.M. & J. Jankovic. 2000. Occurrence of tics in Asperger's syndrome and autistic disorder. J. Child Neurol. 15 : 394 400.
    • (2000) J. Child Neurol. , vol.15 , pp. 394-400
    • Ringman, J.M.1    Jankovic, J.2
  • 30
    • 33845481389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tics and Tourette syndrome in autism spectrum disorders
    • &
    • Canitano, R. & G. Vivanti. 2007. Tics and Tourette syndrome in autism spectrum disorders. Autism 11 : 19 28.
    • (2007) Autism , vol.11 , pp. 19-28
    • Canitano, R.1    Vivanti, G.2
  • 31
    • 33745164613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pergolide as adjuvant therapy to amisulpride in the treatment of negative and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia
    • Roesch-Ely, D. et al. 2006. Pergolide as adjuvant therapy to amisulpride in the treatment of negative and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia. Pharmacopsychiatry 39 : 115 116.
    • (2006) Pharmacopsychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 115-116
    • Roesch-Ely, D.1
  • 32
    • 12344281670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association analysis of the dopamine D3 receptor gene ser9gly and brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene val66met polymorphisms with antipsychotic-induced persistent tardive dyskinesia and clinical expression in Chinese schizophrenic patients
    • Liou, Y.-J. et al. 2004. Association analysis of the dopamine D3 receptor gene ser9gly and brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene val66met polymorphisms with antipsychotic-induced persistent tardive dyskinesia and clinical expression in Chinese schizophrenic patients. Neuromol. Med. 5 : 243 251.
    • (2004) Neuromol. Med. , vol.5 , pp. 243-251
    • Liou, Y.-J.1
  • 33
    • 33846820225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotonin and dopamine receptor gene polymorphisms and the risk of extrapyramidal side effects in perphenazine-treated schizophrenic patients
    • Gunes, A. et al. 2007. Serotonin and dopamine receptor gene polymorphisms and the risk of extrapyramidal side effects in perphenazine-treated schizophrenic patients. Psychopharmacology 190 : 479 484.
    • (2007) Psychopharmacology , vol.190 , pp. 479-484
    • Gunes, A.1
  • 34
    • 33750344176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of the CYP2D6 polymorphism on psychopathological and extrapyramidal symptoms in the patients on long-term antipsychotic treatment
    • Plesnicar, B.K. et al. 2006. The influence of the CYP2D6 polymorphism on psychopathological and extrapyramidal symptoms in the patients on long-term antipsychotic treatment. J. Psychopharmacol. 20 : 829 833.
    • (2006) J. Psychopharmacol. , vol.20 , pp. 829-833
    • Plesnicar, B.K.1
  • 35
    • 0033667902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between the serotonin 2C receptor gene and tardive dyskinesia in chronic schizophrenia: Additive contribution of 5-HT2Cser and DRD3gly alleles to susceptibility
    • Segman, R.H. et al. 2000. Association between the serotonin 2C receptor gene and tardive dyskinesia in chronic schizophrenia: additive contribution of 5-HT2Cser and DRD3gly alleles to susceptibility. Psychopharmacology 152 : 408 413.
    • (2000) Psychopharmacology , vol.152 , pp. 408-413
    • Segman, R.H.1
  • 36
    • 54949114066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thomson Reuters. Thomson Reuters Healthcare. Available at. or http://www.micromedex.com/index.html
    • Thomson Reuters. 2007. MICROMEDEX Health-care Series, DRUGDEX Drug Point 2008. Thomson Reuters Healthcare. Available at http://www.thomsonreuters.com/ business_units/healthcare/ or http://www.micromedex.com/index.html.
    • (2007) MICROMEDEX Health-care Series, DRUGDEX Drug Point 2008
  • 37
    • 85047698365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of scientific and ethical issues in two randomized clinical trial designs for patients with Tourette's syndrome: A model for studies of multiple neuropsychiatric diagnoses
    • &
    • Gilbert, D.L. & C.R. Buncher. 2005. Assessment of scientific and ethical issues in two randomized clinical trial designs for patients with Tourette's syndrome: a model for studies of multiple neuropsychiatric diagnoses. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 17 : 324 332.
    • (2005) J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. , vol.17 , pp. 324-332
    • Gilbert, D.L.1    Buncher, C.R.2
  • 38
    • 0030983292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Maryland psychiatric research center scale and the characterization of involuntary movements
    • Cassady, S.L. et al. 1997. The Maryland psychiatric research center scale and the characterization of involuntary movements. Psychiatry Res. 70 : 21 37.
    • (1997) Psychiatry Res. , vol.70 , pp. 21-37
    • Cassady, S.L.1
  • 39
    • 0003412410 scopus 로고
    • United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Rockville, MD.
    • Guy, W. 1976. ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology. United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Rockville, MD.
    • (1976) ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology.
    • Guy, W.1
  • 40
    • 0036046880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic medication for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
    • Issue 2, Art. No. CD000207. Available at. DOI:.
    • Tammenmaa, I.A. et al. 2002. Cholinergic medication for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. Issue 2, Art. No. CD000207. Available at http://www.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab000207. html. DOI :.
    • (2002) Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.
    • Tammenmaa, I.A.1
  • 41
    • 42749099958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroleptic reduction and/or cessation and neuroleptics as specific treatments for tardive dyskinesia
    • & Issue 3, Art. No. CD000459. Available at. DOI:.
    • Soares-Weiser, K. & J. Rathbone. 2005. Neuroleptic reduction and/or cessation and neuroleptics as specific treatments for tardive dyskinesia. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. Issue 3, Art. No. CD000459. Available at http://www.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab000459.html. DOI :.
    • (2005) Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.
    • Soares-Weiser, K.1    Rathbone, J.2
  • 42
    • 33847103835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low dose alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT) in the treatment of dystonia and dyskinesia
    • &
    • Ankenman, R. & M.F. Salvatore. 2007. Low dose alpha-methyl-para- tyrosine (AMPT) in the treatment of dystonia and dyskinesia. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 19 : 65 69.
    • (2007) J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 65-69
    • Ankenman, R.1    Salvatore, M.F.2
  • 43
    • 18844471120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Miscellaneous treatments for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
    • Issue 1, Art. No. CD000208. Available at. DOI:.
    • Soares-Weiser, K.V. et al. 2003. Miscellaneous treatments for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. Issue 1, Art. No. CD000208. Available at http://www.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab000208. html. DOI :.
    • (2003) Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.
    • Soares-Weiser, K.V.1
  • 44
    • 0035224922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin e for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
    • & Issue 3, Art. No. CD000209. Available at. DOI:.
    • Soares, K.V.S. & J.J. McGrath. 2001. Vitamin E for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. Issue 3, Art. No. CD000209. Available at http://www.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab000209. html. DOI :.
    • (2001) Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.
    • Soares, K.V.S.1    McGrath, J.J.2
  • 45
    • 84860807689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium channel blockers for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
    • & Issue 4, Art. No. CD000206. Available at. DOI:.
    • Soares-Weiser, K. & J. Rathbone. 2003. Calcium channel blockers for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. Issue 4, Art. No. CD000206. Available at http://www.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab000206. html. DOI :.
    • (2003) Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.
    • Soares-Weiser, K.1    Rathbone, J.2
  • 46
    • 85047698290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent trends in stimulant medication use among U.S. children.
    • &
    • Zuvekas, S.H., B. Vitiello & G.S. Norquist. 2006. Recent trends in stimulant medication use among U.S. children. Am. J. Psychiatry 163 : 579 585.
    • (2006) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.163 , pp. 579-585
    • Zuvekas, S.H.1    Vitiello, B.2    Norquist, G.S.3
  • 47
    • 33750527984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulant-related reductions of growth rates in the PATS
    • Swanson, J. et al. 2006. Stimulant-related reductions of growth rates in the PATS. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry. 45 : 1304 1313.
    • (2006) J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry. , vol.45 , pp. 1304-1313
    • Swanson, J.1
  • 48
    • 33750523835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of immediate-release methylphenidate treatment for preschoolers with ADHD
    • Erratum in J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 46: 141 et al. 2001. Atomoxetine in the treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-response study. Pediatrics 108 : E83.
    • Greenhill, L. et al. 2006. Efficacy and safety of immediate-release methylphenidate treatment for preschoolers with ADHD. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry. 45 : 1284 1293 Erratum in J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 46: 141 et al. 2001. Atomoxetine in the treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-response study. Pediatrics 108 : E83.
    • (2006) J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry. , vol.45 , pp. 1284-1293
    • Greenhill, L.1
  • 49
    • 84943986241 scopus 로고
    • Stimulant medications precipitate Tourette's syndrome
    • Lowe, T.L. et al. 1982. Stimulant medications precipitate Tourette's syndrome. JAMA 247 : 1729 1731.
    • (1982) JAMA , vol.247 , pp. 1729-1731
    • Lowe, T.L.1
  • 50
    • 33646140119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contemporary assessment and pharmacotherapy of Tourette syndrome
    • Scahill, L. et al. 2006. Contemporary assessment and pharmacotherapy of Tourette syndrome. NeuroRx 3 : 192 206.
    • (2006) NeuroRx , vol.3 , pp. 192-206
    • Scahill, L.1
  • 51
    • 0037176827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of ADHD in children with tics: A randomized controlled trial
    • Tourette Syndrome Study Group.
    • Tourette Syndrome Study Group. 2002. Treatment of ADHD in children with tics: a randomized controlled trial. Neurology 58 : 527 536.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.58 , pp. 527-536
  • 52
    • 0017865236 scopus 로고
    • Anomalies of motor development in hyperactive boys
    • &
    • Denckla, M.B. & R.G. Rudel. 1978. Anomalies of motor development in hyperactive boys. Ann. Neurol. 3 : 231 233.
    • (1978) Ann. Neurol. , vol.3 , pp. 231-233
    • Denckla, M.B.1    Rudel, R.G.2
  • 53
    • 2142816646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overflow movements predict impaired response inhibition in children with ADHD
    • &
    • Mostofsky, S.H., C.J. Newschaffer & M.B. Denckla. 2003. Overflow movements predict impaired response inhibition in children with ADHD. Percept. Mot. Skills 97 : 1315 1331.
    • (2003) Percept. Mot. Skills , vol.97 , pp. 1315-1331
    • Mostofsky, S.H.1    Newschaffer, C.J.2    Denckla, M.B.3
  • 54
    • 0030758192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome in special education schools: A United Kingdom study
    • Eapen, V. et al. 1997. Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome in special education schools: a United Kingdom study. J. Neurol. 244 : 378 382.
    • (1997) J. Neurol. , vol.244 , pp. 378-382
    • Eapen, V.1
  • 55
    • 0027997776 scopus 로고
    • Hypothesis II: Tourette's syndrome is part of a clinical spectrum that includes normal brain development
    • Kurlan, R. 1994. Hypothesis II: Tourette's syndrome is part of a clinical spectrum that includes normal brain development. Arch. Neurol. 51 : 1145 1150.
    • (1994) Arch. Neurol. , vol.51 , pp. 1145-1150
    • Kurlan, R.1
  • 56
    • 0029778266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dyskinetic movement disorder among adults with mental retardation: Phenomenology and co-occurrence with stereotypy
    • Bodfish, J.W. et al. 1996. Dyskinetic movement disorder among adults with mental retardation: phenomenology and co-occurrence with stereotypy. Am. J. Ment. Retard. 101 : 118 129.
    • (1996) Am. J. Ment. Retard. , vol.101 , pp. 118-129
    • Bodfish, J.W.1
  • 57
    • 4444270099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repetitive arm and hand movements (complex motor stereotypies) in children
    • Mahone, E.M. et al. 2004. Repetitive arm and hand movements (complex motor stereotypies) in children. J. Pediatr. 145 : 391 395.
    • (2004) J. Pediatr. , vol.145 , pp. 391-395
    • Mahone, E.M.1
  • 58
    • 0032753828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 14-month randomized clinical trial of treatment strategies for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Multimodal treatment study of children with ADHD
    • Multimodal Treatment of ADHD Cooperative Group.
    • Multimodal Treatment of ADHD Cooperative Group. 1999. A 14-month randomized clinical trial of treatment strategies for attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Multimodal treatment study of children with ADHD. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 56 : 1073 1086.
    • (1999) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 1073-1086
  • 59
    • 33947215796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delinquent behavior and emerging substance use in the MTA at 36 months: Prevalence, course, and treatment effects
    • Molina, B.S. et al. 2007. Delinquent behavior and emerging substance use in the MTA at 36 months: prevalence, course, and treatment effects. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 46 : 1028 1040.
    • (2007) J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1028-1040
    • Molina, B.S.1
  • 60
    • 33750498069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and tolerability of methylphenidate in preschool children with ADHD
    • Wigal, T. et al. 2006. Safety and tolerability of methylphenidate in preschool children with ADHD. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 45 : 1294 1303.
    • (2006) J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry , vol.45 , pp. 1294-1303
    • Wigal, T.1
  • 61
    • 0037465362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tic reduction with pergolide in a randomized controlled trial in children
    • Gilbert, D.L. et al. 2003. Tic reduction with pergolide in a randomized controlled trial in children. Neurology 60 : 606 611.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , pp. 606-611
    • Gilbert, D.L.1
  • 62
    • 33845974147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valvular heart disease and the use of dopamine agonists for Parkinson's disease
    • Zanettini, R. et al. 2007. Valvular heart disease and the use of dopamine agonists for Parkinson's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 356 : 39 46.
    • (2007) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.356 , pp. 39-46
    • Zanettini, R.1
  • 63
    • 33645739829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atomoxetine treatment in children and adolescents with ADHD and comorbid tic disorders
    • Allen, A.J. et al. 2005. Atomoxetine treatment in children and adolescents with ADHD and comorbid tic disorders. Neurology 65 : 1941 1949.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 1941-1949
    • Allen, A.J.1
  • 64
    • 33847158418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dyskinesias associated with atomoxetine in combination with other psychoactive drugs
    • &
    • Bond, G.R., A.C. Garro & D.L. Gilbert. 2007. Dyskinesias associated with atomoxetine in combination with other psychoactive drugs. Clin. Toxicol. (Phila) 45 : 182 185.
    • (2007) Clin. Toxicol. (Phila) , vol.45 , pp. 182-185
    • Bond, G.R.1    Garro, A.C.2    Gilbert, D.L.3
  • 65
    • 33748048146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of children and adolescents with tics and Tourette syndrome
    • Gilbert, D.L. 2006. Treatment of children and adolescents with tics and Tourette syndrome. J. Child Neurol. 21 : 690 700.
    • (2006) J. Child Neurol. , vol.21 , pp. 690-700
    • Gilbert, D.L.1
  • 66
    • 15044361698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The serotonin syndrome
    • &
    • Boyer, E.W. & M. Shannon. 2005. The serotonin syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 352 : 1112 1120.
    • (2005) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.352 , pp. 1112-1120
    • Boyer, E.W.1    Shannon, M.2
  • 67
    • 34548613943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole-body tremulousness: Isolated generalized polymyoclonus
    • McKeon, A. et al. 2007. Whole-body tremulousness: isolated generalized polymyoclonus. Arch. Neurol. 64 : 1318 1322.
    • (2007) Arch. Neurol. , vol.64 , pp. 1318-1322
    • McKeon, A.1
  • 68
    • 1942539088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-related extrapyramidal symptoms in autistic children: A case series.
    • &
    • Sokolski, K.N., A. Chicz-Demet & E.M. Demet. 2004. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-related extrapyramidal symptoms in autistic children: a case series. J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol. 14 : 143 147.
    • (2004) J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol. , vol.14 , pp. 143-147
    • Sokolski, K.N.1    Chicz-Demet, A.2    Demet, E.M.3
  • 69
    • 0032765240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotonin syndrome: A new pediatric intoxication
    • &
    • Spirko, B.A. & J.F. Wiley, 2nd. 1999. Serotonin syndrome: a new pediatric intoxication. Pediatr. Emerg. Care 15 : 440 443.
    • (1999) Pediatr. Emerg. Care , vol.15 , pp. 440-443
    • Spirko, B.A.1    Wiley II, J.F.2
  • 70
    • 6944229468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive-behavior therapy, sertraline, and their combination for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: The pediatric OCD treatment study (POTS) randomized controlled trial
    • Pediatric OCD Treatment Study (POTS) Team.
    • Pediatric OCD Treatment Study (POTS) Team. 2004. Cognitive-behavior therapy, sertraline, and their combination for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: the pediatric OCD treatment study (POTS) randomized controlled trial. JAMA 292 : 1969 1976.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.292 , pp. 1969-1976
  • 72
    • 0038714895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinically important drug interactions in epilepsy: Interactions between antiepileptic drugs and other drugs
    • &
    • Patsalos, P.N. & E. Perucca. 2003. Clinically important drug interactions in epilepsy: interactions between antiepileptic drugs and other drugs. Lancet Neurol. 2 : 473 481.
    • (2003) Lancet Neurol. , vol.2 , pp. 473-481
    • Patsalos, P.N.1    Perucca, E.2
  • 73
    • 0033922131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lamotrigine-induced tic disorder: Report of five pediatric cases
    • Sotero de Menezes, M.A. et al. 2000. Lamotrigine-induced tic disorder: report of five pediatric cases. Epilepsia 41 : 862 867.
    • (2000) Epilepsia , vol.41 , pp. 862-867
    • Sotero De Menezes, M.A.1
  • 74
    • 49849083992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar ataxia in youth at risk for bipolar disorder
    • In Press.
    • Giles, L.L. et al. 2008. Cerebellar ataxia in youth at risk for bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disorders. In Press.
    • (2008) Bipolar Disorders.
    • Giles, L.L.1
  • 75
    • 2742524393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring treatment effectiveness. Part one: Newly emerging outcomes databases for organizations
    • Flynn, L. et al. 1997. Measuring treatment effectiveness. Part one: Newly emerging outcomes databases for organizations. Behav. Healthc. Tomorrow 6 : 37 44.
    • (1997) Behav. Healthc. Tomorrow , vol.6 , pp. 37-44
    • Flynn, L.1
  • 76
    • 7144261048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute neurologic dysfunction associated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow rescue for primary malignant brain tumors
    • Kramer, E.D. et al. 1997. Acute neurologic dysfunction associated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow rescue for primary malignant brain tumors. Pediatr. Neurosurg. 27 : 230 237.
    • (1997) Pediatr. Neurosurg. , vol.27 , pp. 230-237
    • Kramer, E.D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.