Vitamin B for treating peripheral neuropathy

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Volumn , Issue 3, 2008, Pages

  Ang, Cynthia D ^a   Alviar, Maria Jenelyn M ^b   Dans, Antonio L ^c   Bautista Velez, Gwyneth Giselle P ^a   Villaruz Sulit, Maria Vanessa C ^a   Tan, Jennifer J ^d   Co, Homer U ^a   Bautista, Maria Rhida M ^e   Roxas, Artemio A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES MANILA   (Philippines)

^b PHILIPPINE GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Philippines)

^c UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES   (Philippines)

^d Medical Center   (United States)

^e ROYAL NORTH SHORE HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BENFOTIAMINE; CILOSTAZOL; CYANOCOBALAMIN; CYTIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE; EPALRESTAT; MECOBALAMIN; NICOTINIC ACID; PLACEBO; PYRIDOXINE; RIBOFLAVIN; THIAMINE; THIOCTIC ACID; VITAMIN B COMPLEX;

ALCOHOLISM; ATAXIA; CLINICAL TRIAL; COCHRANE LIBRARY; DIABETIC NEUROPATHY; DIZZINESS; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG MEGADOSE; DYSURIA; EMBASE; FEVER; FLUSHING; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEADACHE; HEART PALPITATION; HEART RATE; HUMAN; LIVER TOXICITY; LOW DRUG DOSE; MEDLINE; NAUSEA; NERVE CONDUCTION; NEUROTOXICITY; PAIN ASSESSMENT; PARESTHESIA; PEPTIC ULCER; REVIEW; SENSORY NEUROPATHY; SIDE EFFECT; SKIN TINGLING; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TEMPERATURE; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VIBRATION SENSE; XEROSTOMIA;

EID: 54849430217     PISSN: 1469493X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004573.pub3.     Document Type: Review

References (123)

1. Abbas 1997 {publisheddata only} Abbas ZG, Swai ABM. Evaluation of the efficacy of thiamine and pyridoxine in the treatment of symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy. East African Medical Journal 1997;74(12):803-8.
2. Duque 1994 {unpublished data only} Duque RRG, Renales-Chen L. A double-blind clinical trial on the efficacy of parenteral mecobalamin (B12) in sensorimotor and autonomic neuropathy among Filipino diabetics. Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines. 1994.
3. Hu 2004 {publisheddata only} Hu JF, Su Q, Xing HL. Effect of cilostazol on peripheral conductive velocity and syndrome of limb pain and numbness in patients with diabetes. Zhongguo Linchuang Kangfu [Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation] 2004;8(18):3523-5.
4. Kovrazhkina 2004 {publisheddata only} Kovrazhkina EA, Ayriyan NY, Serkin GV, Glushkov KS, Pavlov NA, Gekht AB, et al.Possibilities and perspective of berlition usage in the treatment of alcohol polyneuropathy. Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry 2004;104(2):33-7.
5. Levin 1981 {publisheddata only} Levin ER, Hanscom TA, Fischer M, Lauvstad WA, Lui A, Ryan A, et al.The influence of pyridoxine in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetes Care 1981;4(6):606-9.
6. Li X 2005 {publisheddata only} Li X-M, Li Y, Zhao K-Y, Sun H-H. Effect of cytidine triphosphate on nerve conduction velocity in paitents with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Zhongguo Linchuang Kangfu 2005;9(7):152-3.
7. Stracke 1996 {publisheddata only} * Stracke H, Lindemann A, Federlin K. A benfotiamine-vitamin B combination in treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy. Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes 1996;104(4):311-6.
8. Strokov 1999 {publisheddata only} Strokov IA, Kozlova NA, Mozolevsky YV, Myasoedov SP, Yakhno NN. Efficacy of intravenous administration of trometamol salt of thiotic (alpha-lipoic) acid in diabetic neuropathy. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova 1999;99(6):18-22.
9. Winkler 1999 {publisheddata only} Winkler G, Pal B, Nagybeganyi E, Ory I, Porochnavec M, Kempler P. Effectiveness of different benfotiamine dosage regimens in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy. Arzneimittelforschung 1999;49(3):220-4.
10. Woelk 1998 {publisheddata only} * Woelk H, Lehrl S, Bitsch R, Kopcke W. Benfotiamine in treatment of alcoholic polyneuropathy: an 8-week randomized controlled study (BAP I Study). Alcohol and Alcoholism 1998;33(6):631-8.
11. Yaqub 1992 {publisheddata only} Yaqub BA, Siddique A, Sulimani R. Effects of methylcobalamin on diabetic neuropathy. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery 1992;94(2):105-11.
12. Zhang 2005 {publisheddata only} Zhang W-W, Yang X-P, Zhu G-M. Effects of epalrestat made in China on sensory nerve conduction velocity in patients with diabetic peripheral nervous disease. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation 2005;9(3):38-40.
13. Ziegler 1993 {publisheddata only} Ziegler D, Mayer P, Muhlen H, Gries FA. Effects of alpha-lipoic acid and vitamin B1 treatment on diabetic neuropathy [Effekte einer therapiemit alpha-liponsaure gegenuber vitamin B1 bei der diabetischen neuropathie]. Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel 1993;2:443-8.
14. Aaron 2005 {publisheddata only} * Aaron S, Kumar S, Vijayan J, Jacob J, Alexander M, Gnanamuthu C. Clinical and laboratory features and response to treatment in patients presenting with vitamin B12 deficiency-related neurological syndromes. Neurology India 2005;53(1):55-9.
15. Anonymous 1994 {publisheddata only} * Anonymous.Current topics on pathogenesis and therapy of diabetic neuropathy [Diabetiker rosten schneller]. Praxis Magazin Med 1994;6:84.
16. Anonymous 1996 {publisheddata only} * Anonymous. Therapy of polyneuropathy-new study results. Fortschritte der Medizin 1996;114(23-24):V-VIII.
17. Anonymous 2004a {publisheddata only} Anonymous. [Oral benfotiamine therapy. Thus you protect the nerves of diabetic patients]. MMW Fortschritte der Medizin 2004;146(5):52-3.
18. Anonymous 2004b {publisheddata only} * Anonymous. Oral benfotiamine therapy in the prevention of diabetic polyneuropathy [Orale benfotiamin-therapie. So schutzen sie die nerven von diabetikern]. MMW Fortschrite der Medizin 2004;146(5):52-3.
19. Appiotti 1990 {publisheddata only} * Appiotti A, Scarzella G. Clinical and electromyographic study of the therapeutic effectiveness and general tolerability of a new mixture of internal ester gangliosides in patients with peripheral neuropathy caused by alcoholism [Studio clinico ed elettromiografico dell'efficacia terapeutica e della tollerabilita generale di una nuova miscela di gangliosidi esteri interni in pazienti affeti da neuropatia periferica su base alcolica]. Minerva Medica 1990;81(11):807-13.
20. Biesenbach 1997 {publisheddata only} * Biesenbach G, Grafinger P, Eichbauer-Sturm G, Zazgornik J. Treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy with cerebrolysin [Cerebrolysin in der behandlung der schmerzhaften diabetischen neuropathie]. Weiner Medizinische Wochenschrift 1997;147(3):63-6.
21. Bloomgarden 2004 {publisheddata only} * Bloomgarden ZT. Diabetes complications. Diabetes Care 2004;27(6):1506-14.
22. Boulton 2004 {publisheddata only} * Boulton AJM, Malik RA, Arezzo JC, Sosenko JM. Diabetic sensory neuropathies. Diabetes Care 2004;27(6):1458-86.
23. Brecht 1999 {publisheddata only} * Brecht JG, Schadlich PK. Considerations on cost effectiveness of a benfotiamine-vitamin B combination in diabetic polyneuropathy: synthetic cost-effectiveness analysis [Kostenwirksamkeit einer benfotiamin/vitamin-B-kombination bei diabetischer polyneuropathie]. Gesundheitsokonomie und Qualitatsmanagement 1999;4(4):99-105.
24. Buck 1995a {publisheddata only} * Buck G. New aspects in the therapy of polyneuropathy [Neue ergebnisse zur therapie der polyneuropathie]. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin 1995;71(5):355- 8.
25. Buck 1995b {publisheddata only} * Buck G. Neurotropic vitamins B: proved effective in polyneuropathy. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin 1995;71(4):263.
26. Buck 1996 {publisheddata only} * Buck G. Therapy safety and pharmaeconomics of diabetic polyneuropathy/Diabetic polyneuropathy: therapy safety and pharmaeconomy [Diabetische polyneuropathie. Therapiesicherheit und pharmaokonomie]. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin 1996;72(21-22):1323-4.
27. Burns 2003 {publisheddata only} * Burns TM, Ryan MM, Darras B, Royden Jones H. Current therapeutic strategies for patients with polyneuropathies secondary to inherited metabolic disorders. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2003;78(7):858-68.
28. Calissi 1995 {publisheddata only} * Calissi PT, Jaber LA. Peripheral diabetic neuropathy: current concepts in treatment. The Annals of Pharmacology 1995;29(7-8):769-77.
29. Chavez Olvera 1986 {publisheddata only} * Chavez Olvera JL, Anorve Borquez CR, Paz Morelos GP. Controlled therapeutical evaluation of amixture of dexamethasone and complex B vitamins, and dexamethasone alone. Compendium de Investigaciones Clinicas Latinoamericanas 1986;6(2):101-5.
30. Chen 2000 {publisheddata only} * Chen D, Zhang J, Wang K. Curative effects of PGE1 and mecobalamin on diabetic neuropathies. Journal of Henan Practical Nervous Diseases 2000;3(5):1-2.
31. Cohen 1984 {publisheddata only} * Cohen KL, Gorecki GA, Silverstein SS, Ebersole JS, Solomon LR. Effect of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) on diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy. Journal of the American Podiatry Association 1984;74(8):394-7.
32. Delcker 1989 {publisheddata only} * Delcker A, Fischer P-A, Ulrich H. Randomised study of thioctic acid compared with a preparation of vitamin B in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy, taking particular account of the peripheral nervous system [Randomisierte studie thioctsaure gegenuber vitamin-B-kombinationspraparat bei patienten mit diabetischer polyneuropathie unter besonderer berucksichtigung des peripheren nervensystems]. Thioctsaure: Neue biochemische, pharmakologische and klinische Erkenntnisse 1989:335-44.
33. Dettori 1973 {publisheddata only} * Dettori AG, Ponari O. Antalgic effect of cobamamide in the course of peripheral neuropathies of different etiopathogenesis [Effetto antalgico della cobamamide in corso di neuropatie periferiche di diversa etiopatogenesi]. Minerva Medica 1973;64(21):1077-82.
34. Devathasan 1986 {publisheddata only} * Devathasan G, Teo WL, Mylvaganam A, Thai AC, Chin JH. Methylcobalamin (CH3-B12; methycobal) in chronic diabetic neuropathy: a double-blind clinical and electrophysiological study. Clinical Trials Journal 1986;23(2):130-40.
35. Djoenaidi 1990 {publisheddata only} * Djoenaidi W, Notermans SLH. Thiamine tetraphydrofurfuryl disulfide in nutritional polyneuropathy. European Archives of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences 1990;239(4):218-20.
36. Dueñas 2005 {unpublished data only} * Dueñas. Clinical experience with mecobalamin at N.O.H.-R.M.C. Data on file Year obtained 2005.
37. Eckert 1992a {publisheddata only} * Eckert VM, Schejbal P. Therapy of neuropathies with a vitamin B combination. Symptomatic treatment of painful diseases of the peripheral nervous system with a combination preparation of thiamine, pyridoxine and cyanocobalamin [Therapie von neuropathien mit einer vitamin-B-kombination]. Fortschritte der Medizin 1992;110(29):544-8.
38. Eckert 1992b {publisheddata only} Eckert VM, Schejbal P. Treatment of neuropathies with a vitamin B combination. Symptomatic treatment of painful diseases of the peripheral nervous system. Fortschritte der Medizin 1992;110(29):60-4.
39. Faldini 1970 {publisheddata only} * Faldini A, Marchetti N. Clinical trial of a new synthetic product: o-ethoxybenzylhydrazone of diethanolamine pyruvate associated with vitamins B1, B6 and B12 and dichloroethanoate of disopropylammonium in the treatment of rheumatic and neuritic pain syndromes [Sperimentazione clinica di un nuovo prodotto di sintesi: l'oetossibenzoil-idrazone del piruvato di dietanolamina associato alle vitamine B1, B6 e B12 ed al dicloroetanoato di diisopropilammonio nel trattamento delle sindromi dolorose reumatiche e nevritiche]. Minerva Ortopedica 1970;21(1):51-6.
40. Ferrante 2003 {publisheddata only} * Ferrante FM. The pharmacologic management of neuropathic pain. Seminars in Anesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Pain 2003;22(3):168-74.
41. Fliege 1966 {publisheddata only} * Fliege VK, Mistler O. Treatment of chronic painful conditions with a diazethylthiamine (fat-soluble vitamin B1) combination preparation [Behandlung chronischer schmerzzustande mit einem diazetylthiamin- (fettlosclichem vitamin B1)- kombinationspraparat]. Medizinische Klinik 1966;61(52):2080-2.
42. FrancoisGermain 1980 {publisheddata only} * Francois-Germain LJ. Clinical trial on the combination dexamethasone and vitamins B1, B6 and B12. Investigacion Medica Internacional 1980;7(1):71-5.
43. Giannoukakis 2005 {publisheddata only} * Giannoukakis N. Pyridoxamine Biostratum. Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs 2005;6(4):410-8.
44. Gillioli 1984 {publisheddata only} * Gillioli R, Cotroneo L, Sanarico M. Controlled clinical trial of brain gangliosides in the treatment of peripheral neuropathies due to industrial chemicals. Clinical Trials Journal 1984;21(6):459-74.
45. Gregersen 1983 {publisheddata only} * Gregersen G, Bertelsen B, Harbo H, Larsen E, Andersen JR, Helles A, et al.Oral supplementation of myoinositol: effects on peripheral nerve function in human duabetics and on the concentration in plasma, erythrocytes, urine andmuscle tissue in human diabetics and normals. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 1983;67(3):164-72.
46. Halat 2003 {publisheddata only} * Halat KM, Denneby CE. Botanicals and dietary supplements in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Journal of the Americal Board of Family Practice 2003;16(1):47-57.
47. Haupt 2005 {publisheddata only} * Haupt E, Ledermann H, Kopcke W. Benfotiamine in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy - a three-week randomized, controlled pilot study (BEDIP Study). International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2005;43(2):71-7.
48. Hughes 1995 {publisheddata only} * Hughes RAC, Heywood P, Sharrack B. Drug trials in neuropathy. Baillieres Clinical Neurology 1995;4(3):607-27.
49. Ide 1987 {publisheddata only} * Ide H, Fujiya S, Asanuma Y, Tsuji M, Sakai H, Agishi Y. Clinical usefulness of intrathecal injection of methylcobalamin in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Clinical Therapeutics 1987;9(2):183-92.
50. Ishihara 1992 {publisheddata only} * Ishihara H, Yoneda M, Yamamoto W, Ito T, Osawa H, Okuno M, et al.Efficacy of intravenous administration of methylcobalamin for diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a quantitative study based on the measurement of peripheral nerve conduction velocity. Medical Consultation and New Remedies 1992;29(7):1-5.
51. Jorg 1988 {publisheddata only} * Jorg J, Metz F, Scharafinski H. Treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy with alpha-lipoic acid or vitamin B preparations: a controlled clinical trial [Zur medikamentosen behandlung der diabetischen polyneuropathie mit der alpha-liponsuare oder vitamin B-praparaten]. Nervenarzt 1988;59(1):36-44.
52. Jorg 1989 {publisheddata only} * Jorg J. Treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy with thioctic acid or with a vitamin B preparation. A controlled clinical study. [Behandlung der diabetischen polyneuropathie mit thioctsaure oder einem vitamin-B-praparat; eine kontrollierte klinische studie]. Thioctsaure: Neue biochemische, pharmakologische und klinische Erkenntnisse zur Thioctsaure. Frankfurt: pmi Verlag, 1989:317.
53. Kastrup 1986 {publisheddata only} * Kastrup J, Peterson P. Treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy [Behandling af smertefuld diabetisk neuropati]. Ugeskrift for Laeger 1986;148(38):2387-90.
54. Kikkawa 2006 {publisheddata only} * Kikkawa R, Hatanaka Y, Shigeta Y, Ohji K, Ohmori S, Hoshi M, et al.Therapeutic effects of methylcobalamin and a multi-vitamin preparation containing B1, B6 and B12 on diabetic neuropathy. Data on file Year obtained 2006:2-12.
55. Kikuchi 1982 {publisheddata only} * Kikuchi T. Clinical studies of MCS 31 (mecobalamin) on diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Japanese Pharmacology and Therapeutics 1982;10(4):403-8.
56. Koltringer 1992 {publisheddata only} * Koltringer P, Langsteger W, Lind P, Klima G, Florian W, Schubert B, et al.Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 and folic acid in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy [Gingko biloba-spezialextrakt EGb 761 und folsaure bei diabetischer polyneuropathie. Eine ransomisierte placebokontrollierte doppelblind-studie]. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin 1992;68(4):96-102.
57. Koyama 1997 {publisheddata only} * Koyama K, Yoshida A, Takeda A, Morozumi K, Fujinami T, Tanaka N. Abnormal cyanide metabolism in uraemic patients. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 1997;12(8):1622-8.
58. Kretschmar 1996 {publisheddata only} * Kretschmar C, Kaumeier S, Haase W. Medicamentous therapy of alcoholic polyneuropathy. Randomized double-blind study comparing 2 vitamin B preparations and a nucleotide preparation [Die medikamentose therapie der alkoholischen polyneuropathie. Randomisierte doppelblindstudie zum vergleich zweier vitamin-B-praparate und eines nukleotid-praparates]. Fortschritte Der Medizin 1996;114(32):439-43.
59. Leiner 2003 {publisheddata only} Leiner S. Painful sensory neuropathy. New England Journal of Medicine 2003; Vol. 349, issue 3:306-7.
60. Li G 1999 {publisheddata only} * Li G (Beijing Methycobal Clinical Trial Collaborative Group). Effect of mecobalamin on diabetic neuropathies. Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine (Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi) 1999;38(1):14-7.
61. Li X 2001 {publisheddata only} * Li XF, Hu Q, Zhu D. Clinical trial of mecobalamin in diabetic peripheral neuropathies. Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy 2001;8(5):452-3.
62. Libarnes 1984 {unpublished data only} * Libarnes RL, Diy MLL, Renales LD, Perez MC. Clinical study of methylcobalamin on diabetic neuropathies. Department of Medicine, Section of Neurology, University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital. 1984.
63. Lonsdale 2004 {publisheddata only} * Lonsdale D. Thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide: a little known therapeutic agent. Medical Science Monitor 2004;10(9):RA199-203.
64. Malizia 1982 {publisheddata only} *Malizia E, Borgo S, Carapella C, Chiavarelli V, Russo A, Gagliardi V, et al.Organic glue neuropathies: epidemiology, clinical investigation and therapy of 100 cases. Archives of Toxicology 1982;49(Suppl 5):103-4.
65. McCann 1983 {publisheddata only} * McCann VJ, Davis RE. Pyridoxine and diabetic neuropathy: a double-blind controlled study. Diabetes Care 1983;6(1):102-3.
66. MedinaSantillan 2004 {publisheddata only} * Medina-Santillan R, Morales-Franco G, Espinoza-Raya J, Granados-Soto V, Reyes-Garcia G. Treatment of diabetic neuropathic pain with gabapentin alone or combined with vitamin B complex. Preliminary results. Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society 2004;47:109-12.
67. Meyer 2003 {publisheddata only} * Meyer FP. Polyneuropathy-therapy [Polyneuropathie-therapie]. Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 2003;128(11):572.
68. Mocchi 1967 {publisheddata only} * Mocchi N, Pollini F. Clinical trials of the combination: orthoxyquinoline sulfonate of aminophenazone-vitamin B6-vitamin B12 (Liocausyth) in rheumatological and neuritic diseases. Minerva Medica 1967;58(18:Suppl):766-9.
69. Montenero 1983 {publisheddata only} * Montenero P, Marozzi G, Chiaramonte F. Possibilities of using brain gangliosides in treatment of peripheral diabetic neuropathy [Possibilita di impiego dei gangliosidi cerebrali nel trattamento della neuropatia diabetica periferica]. Clinica Terapeutica 1983;106(3):169-74.
70. Montes De Oca 1979 {publisheddata only} * Montes De Oca CL. A comparative study of high doses of cobamamide and hydoxocobalamine in the treatment of diabetic neuropathies [Estudio comparativo a altas dosis entre cobamamida e hidroxocobalamina en el tratamiento de neuropatias diabeticas]. Investigacion Medica Internacional 1979;6(4):310-5.
71. Mooradian 1994 {publisheddata only} Mooradian AD, Failla M, Hoogwerf B, Maryniuk M, Wylie-Rosett J. Selected vitamins and minerals in diabetes. Diabetes Care 1994;17(5):464-79.
72. Moridera 2005 {publisheddata only} * Moridera K, Yoshikawa N, Igarashi T. Clinical evaluation of methyl-B12 in the treatment of diabetic autonomic and peripheral neuropathy. Data on file. Year obtained 2005:443-6.
73. Nakamura 2003 {publisheddata only} * Nakamura K, Roberson ED. Polyneuropathy following gastric by-pass surgery. The American Journal of Medicine 2003;115(8):679-80.
74. Nikolov 1997 {publisheddata only} * Nikolov N, Valcheva V, Manchev I. Therapeutic efficacy research into the Milgamma-Dragees preparation used at people suffering from diabetic polyneuropathy. Bulgarian Medicine 1997;5(3-4):16-7.
75. Okada H 2000 {publisheddata only} * Okada H, Moriwaki K, Kanno Y, Sugahara S, Nakamoto H, Yoshizawa M, et al.Vitamin B6 supplementation can improve peripheral polyneuropathy in patients with chronic renal failure on high-flux haemodialysis and human recombinant erythropoietin. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2000;15(9):1410-3.
76. Okada S 1985 {publisheddata only} * Okada S, Miyai Y, Sato K, Masaki Y, Higuchi T, Ogino Y, et al.Effect ofmethylcobalamin on diminishedmotor nerve conduction velocity in the tibial nerve of poorly controlled diabetics. Clinical Trials Journal 1985;22(6):534-6.
77. Osuntokun 1970 {publisheddata only} * Osuntokun BO, Langman MJS, Wilson J, Aladetoyinbo A. Controlled trial of hydroxocobalamin and riboflavine in Nigerian ataxic neuropathy. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1970;33(5):663-6.
78. Osuntokun 1974 {publisheddata only} * Osuntokun BO, Langman MJS, WIlson J, Adeuja AOG, Aldetoyinbo MA. Controlled trial of combinations of hydroxocobalamin-cystine and riboflavine-cystine, in Nigerian ataxic neuropathy. Journal of Neurology, Neurolsurgery and Psychiatry 1974;37(1):102-4.
79. Paggao 2006 {unpublished data only} * Paggao J. Clinical experience on mecobalamin injection at Dr. Efren C. Montemayor Memorial Medical Center. Year obtained 2006.
80. Parry 1985 {publisheddata only} * Parry GJ, Bredesen DE. Sensory neuropathy with low-dose pyridoxine. Neurology 1985;35(10):1466-8.
81. Pfeifer 1995 {publisheddata only} * Pfeifer MA, Schumer MP. Clinical trials of diabetic neuropathy: past, present, and future. Diabetes 1995;44(12):1355-61.
82. Podell 1985 {publisheddata only} Podell RN. Nutritional supplementation with megadoses of vitamin B6. Effective therapy, placebo, or potentiator of neuropathy?. Postgraduate Medicine 1985;77(3):113- 6.
83. Reschke 1989 {publisheddata only} * Reschke B, Zeuzem S, Rosak C, Petzoldt R, Althoff P-H, Ulrich H, et al.High dose long term treatment with thioctic acid in diabetic polyneuropathy: results of a controlled randomised study with particular attention on autonomic neuropathy [Hochdosierte langzeitbehandlung mit thioctsaure bei der diabetischen polyneuropathie - ergebnisse einer kontrollierten, randomisierten studie unter besonderer berucksichtigung der autonomen neuropathie]. Thioctsaure: Neue biochemische, pharmakologische und klinische Erkenntnisse zur Thioctsaure 1989:318-34.
84. Reyes 1980 {publisheddata only} * Reyes HE. An open study of the vitamin combination B1-B6-B12 in diabetic neuropathies. Investigacion Medica Internacional 1980;7(3):201-8.
85. Richter 2000 {publisheddata only} * Richter H-J. Benfotiamine protects diabetic patients for neuropathy [Benfotiamin schutzt diabetiker vor neuropathien]. Nervenheilkunde 2000;19(7):111.
86. Roimicher 1970 {publisheddata only} * Roimicher S, de Azevedo MN, Pereira O, Barros SM. Comparative study of the effects of hydroxycobalamin and cyanocobalamin on rheumatic pains (double blind test) [Estudo comparativo da acao da hidroxocobalamina e da cianocobalamina nas algias reumaticas (ensaio duplo-cego)]. Hospital 1970;78(2):373-81.
87. Sachse 1980 {publisheddata only} * Sachse G, Willms B. Efficacy of thioctic acid in the therapy of peripheral diabetic neuropathy. Hormone and Metabolic Research 1980;9 Suppl:105-7.
88. Saurugg 1977 {publisheddata only} * Saurugg VD, Hodkewitsch E. Clinical experiences with an analgesic-acting infusion solution in neurological painful conditions [Klinische erfahrungen mit einer analgetisch wirkenden infusionslosung bei neurologischen schmerzzustanden]. Wien Med Wochenschr 1977;127(15):490-2.
89. Shi 2003 {publisheddata only} * Shi XW. The treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathy by combined puerarin with methylcobalamin. Zhejiang Practical Medicine 2003;8(1):17-8.
90. Shindo 1994 {publisheddata only} * Shindo H, Tawata M, Inoue M, Yokomori N, Hosaka Y, Ohtaka M, et al.The effect of prostaglandin E1-alpha CDon vibratory threshold determined with the SMV-5 vibrometer in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 1994;24(3):173-80.
91. Simeonov 1997 {publisheddata only} * Simeonov S, Pavlova M, Mitkov M, Mincheva L, Troev D. Therapeutic efficacy of *Milgamma* in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. Folia Medica (Plovdiv) 1997;39(4):5-10.
92. Simonin 1981 {publisheddata only} * Simonin C, Hovette P, Rey M. Value of treatment with arginine oxoglurate plus B-group vitamins in polyneuritis of chronic alcoholism. Medecine Interne 1981;16(2):85-90.
93. Skelton 1991 {publisheddata only} * Skelton WP, Skelton NK. Neuroleptics in painful thiamine deficiency neuropathy. Southern Medical Journal 1991;84(11):1362-3.
94. Stein-Hammer 1996 {publisheddata only} * Stein-Hammer C. Benfothiamine-vitamin B complex in polyneuropathy. Therapiewoche 1996;46(11):598-9.
95. Sun 2005 {publisheddata only} Sun Y, Lai M-S, Lu C-J. Effectiveness of vitamin B12 on diabetic neuropathy: systematic review of clinical controlled trials. Acta Neurologica Taiwanica 2005;14(2):48-54.
96. Suzuki 1985 {publisheddata only} * Suzuki K. Clinical effects of E-0723 (mecobalamin, d-alpha-tocopherol acetate preparation) on peripheral neuropathy in the field of orthopedics. Comparison with a mecobalamin preparation. Japanese Pharmacology and Therapeutics 1985;13(5): 531-54.
97. Tanigawa 2006 {unpublished data only} * Tanigawa K, Ikeda M. Effect of methylcobalamin on diabetic neuropathy with special reference to its effectiveness by intramuscular injection. Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto University School of Medicine, Japan. Year obtained 2006.
98. Tong 1980 {publisheddata only} * Tong HI. Influence of neurotropic vitamins on the nerve conduction velocity in diabetic neuropathy. Annals Academy of Medicine, Singapore 1980;9(1):65-70.
99. Torri 1992 {publisheddata only} * Torri G, Arosio B. Open, comparative trial in the evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of a ganglioside versus a combination of B vitamins in patients with peripheral neuropathy [Studio aperto comparativo per valutare l'efficacia e la tollerabilita' di un preparato a base di gangliosidi nei confronti di un polivitaminico del gruppo B in pazienti affeti da neuropatie periferiche]. Ortopedia e Traumatologia Oggi 1992;12(2-3):85-91.
100. Utsunomiya 1987 {publisheddata only} * Utsunomiya K.Clinical effect of vitamin B6 on diabetic neuropathy - open multicenter trial. Therapeutic Research 1987;7(3):287-94.
101. Wibowo 2005 {unpublished data only} * Wibowo BS, Sastradiwirjo S, Sukaton U, Nurhayatie T. New aspects in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy with methylcobalamin: electrophysiologic quantification of diabetic neuropathy. Department of Neurology, University of Indonesia, RSCM Hospital, Indonesia. Year obtained 2005.
102. Wu 2002 {publisheddata only} * Wu J, Zhong HJ, Sun ZX, Yi H, Lei MX. Efficacy of erigeron on diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Bulletin of Hunan Medical University 2002;27(4):337-40.
103. Yamada 1982 {publisheddata only} * Yamada K, Goto Y, Takebe K. Treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy with methylcobalamin. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Diabetic Neuropathy and its Treatment, Tokyo. 1982.
104. Yao 2004 {publisheddata only} * Yao G, Qu SY, Wang XR, Li L, Li HJ, Chen XH. Effect of medication on diabetic peripheral neuropathy by clinical intervention. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabiliation 2004;8(16):3032-3.
105. Yoshioka 1995 {publisheddata only} * Yoshioka K, Tanaka K. Effect of methylcobalamin on diabetic autonomic neuropathy as assessed by power spectral analysis of heart rate variations. Hormone and Metabolic Research 1995;27(1):43-4.
106. Zhong 1981 {publisheddata only} * Zhong X, Zheng B, Hu G, Zhu X, Hu Z. Early treatment of diabetic neuropathy. Chinese Medical Journal 1981;94(8):503-8.
107. Zhu 2001 {publisheddata only} * Zhu XP, Zhou ZG. Clinical observation of combined therapeutic effect of prostaglandin E1 and mecobalamin on diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Bulletin of Hunan Medical University 2001;26(4):343-4.
108. Annane 2004 Annane D, Gunn A, Hughes R, Jewitt K, Miller R, Moore D, O'Connor D, Rose M, Swan A. Neuromuscular Disease Group. Neuromuscular Disease Group. About the Cochrane Collaboration (Collaborative Review Groups (CRGs)). The Cochrane Library 2004, issue 4.
109. Chaney 1992 Chaney S. Principles of nutrition II: micronutrients. In: Delvin TM editor(s). Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1992:1115-47.
110. Clarke 2001 Clarke M, Oxman A, editors. Collecting Data. Cochrane Reviewers Handbook 4.1.4 [upated October 2001]; Section 7. In: The Cochrane Library [database on CDROM]. The Cochrane Collaboration. Oxford: Update Software; 2001, Issue 4.
111. Dyck 2005 Dyck P, Hughes R, O'Brien P. Quantitating overall neuropathic symptoms, impairments and outcomes. In: Dyck P, Thomas P editor (s). Peripheral Neuropathy. 4th Edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders, 2005:1031-53.
112. Hillman 1996 Hillman R. Hematopoietic agents: growth factors, minerals and vitamins. In: Gilman A, Goodman L, Gilman A editor(s). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th Edition. McGraw-Hill, 1996:1311-40.
113. Hughes 2002 Hughes RAC. Peripheral neuropathy. BMJ 2002;324(7335):466-9.
114. Huskisson 1974 Huskisson EC. Measurement of pain. Lancet 1974;2(7889):1127-31.
115. Kaushansky 2006 Kaushansky K, Kipps TJ. Hematopoeitic agents: growth factors, minerals and vitamins. In: Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL editor(s). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 11th Edition. McGraw-Hill, 2006:1433-64.
116. Lumley 2001 Lumley J, Watson L, Watson M, Bower C. Periconceptional supplementation with folate and/or multivitamins for preventing neural tube defects. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2001, Issue 3. [MEDLINE: CD001056][Art. No.: CD001056. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001056]
117. Mahomed 2002 Mahomed K. Folate supplementation in pregnancy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2002, Issue 1.[Art. No.: CD006896. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006896]
118. Marcus 1996 Marcus R, Coulston A. Water-soluble vitamins: the vitamin B complex and ascorbic acid. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th Edition. McGraw-Hill, 1996:1555-72.
119. McCarter 1992 McCarter DN, Holbrook J. Vitamins andminerals. In: Herfindal ET, Gourley DR, Hart LL editor(s). Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics. 5th Edition. Baltimore: WIlliams & Williams, 1992:133-49.
120. Olson 1996 Olson R. Water-soluble vitamins. Principles of Pharmacology Basic Concepts and Clinical Application. Kentucky: Chapman and Hall, 1996:949-79.
121. RodriguezMartin 2002 Rodriguez-Martin J, Qizilbash N, Lopez-Arrieta J. Thiamine for Alzheimer's disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2002, Issue 1.[Art. No.: CD001498. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001498]
122. Schaumburg 1983 Schaumburg H, Kaplan J, Windebank A, Vick N, Rasmus S, Pleasure D, et al.Sensory neuropathy frompyridoxine abuse.The New England Journal of Medicine 1983;309(8):445-8.
123. van Boxtel 2001 van Boxtel CJ. Vitamins. In: van Boxtel CJ, Santoso B, Ralph Edwards I editor(s). Drug Benefits and Risks. International Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2001: 415-20.