The size and growth rate of the internet

First Monday

Volumn 3, Issue 10, 1998, Pages

  Coffman, K G ^a   Odlyzko, Andrew ^a,b  

^a AT AND T LABS RESEARCH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 54649085193     PISSN: 13960466     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. U. S. Department of Commerce, The Emerging Digital Economy, April 1998, at http://www.ecommerce.gov/emerging.htm
2. John Sidgmore, interviewed by R. L. Brandt, Upside, Volume 10, Number 5 (May 1998), pp. 78ff, and at http://www.upside.com/
3. For precise numbers, see Table 12.1 in U. S. Federal Communications Commission, Trends in Telephone Service, February 1998, at http://www.fcc.gov/ ccb/stats
4. J. Zolnierek, K. Rangos, and J. Eisner, Long Distance Market Shares; First Quarter 1998, U. S. Federal Communications Commission, June 1998, at http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Common_Carrier/Reports/FCC-State_Link/comp.html Revenue growth has been far lower as prices have dropped, which was undoubtedly the major reason for the increase in calls.
5. Vertical Systems Group, ATM & Frame Relay Industry Update, 1997.
6. We refer to Frame Relay and ATM networks as semi-public, since they carry traffic from many sources, but almost universally from a source within an organization to a destination within the same organization. In contrast, public networks like the voice network and the Internet allow connections of any source to any destination.
7. The claim in The Emerging Digital Economy is based on the Inktomi white paper that uses data no more recent than the end of 1996, the end of the period of abnormally fast growth.
8. M. E. Thyfault, 1998. "Resurgence of convergence," Information Week, (April 13), pp. 50ff.
9. P. Mutooni and D. Tennenhouse, "Modeling the communication network's transition to a data-centric model," at http://www.sds.lcs.mit.edu/ ~mutooni/telecomms/
10. A. M. Odlyzko, "Data networks are lightly utilized, and will stay that way," at http://www.research.att.com/~amo
11. Nua, Ltd., at http://www.nua.ie/
12. International Telecommunication Union, 1997. Challenges to the Network: Telecommunications and the Internet, (September); available for purchased at http://www.itu.int/publications/bookstore.html
13. Network Wizards, at http://www.nw.com/
14. A. M. Odlyzko, "The Economics of the Internet: Utility, Utilization, Pricing, and Quality of Service," at http://www.research.att.com/~amo
15. International Telecommunication Union, 1997. Challenges to the Network: Telecommunications and the Internet, and, Nua, Ltd., at http://www.nua.ie/
16. International Telecommunication Union, 1997. Challenges to the Network: Telecommunications and the Internet.
17. J. M. Kraushaar, 1997. "Fiber deployment update: End of year 1996," U. S. Federal Communications Commission, at http://www.fcc.gov/ccb/ stats
18. J. P. Cavanagh, 1998. Frame Relay Applications: Business and Technical Case Studies. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufman.
19. See F. Cairncross, 1997. The Death of Distance: How the Communications Revolution Will Change Our Lives. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, for general discussions of this phenomenon, and its likely effects.
20. B. Leida, 1998. "A Cost Model of Internet Service Providers: Implications for Internet Telephony and Yield Management," M. S. thesis, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Technology and Policy Program, MIT; at http://rpcp.mit.edu/Pubs/Theses/leida.pdf
21. Leida, 1998. "A Cost Model of Internet Service Providers."
22. U. S. Federal Communications Commission, 1998. "Trends in Telephone Service," (February), at http://www.fcc.gov/ccb/stats
23. A. M. Odlyzko, "The Economics of the Internet," at http://www.research.att.com/~amo
24. G. K. Zipf, 1946. "Some determinants of the circulation of information," American Journal of Psychology, Volume 59, pp. 401-421.
25. U. S. Federal Communications Commission, 1998. "Trends in Telephone Service," (February), at http://www.fcc.gov/ccb/stats
26. Boardwatch Magazine, at http://boardwatch.internet.com/
27. U. S. Federal Communications Commission, 1998. "Trends in Telephone Service," (February), at http://www.fcc.gov/ccb/stats
28. U. S. Federal Communications Commission, 1998. "Trends in Telephone Service," (February),
29. J. Zolnierek, K. Rangos, and J. Eisner, 1988. Long Distance Market Shares; First Quarter 1998, U. S. Federal Communications Commission, (June), at http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Common_Carrier/Reports/FCC-State_Link/comp.html
30. U. S. Federal Communications Commission, 1998. "Trends in Telephone Service."
31. G. R. Ash, 1998. Dynamic Routing in Telecommunications Networks. N. Y.: McGraw Hill, Figure 1.13, Table 1.8 and discussion on p. 49.
32. John Sidgmore, interviewed by R. L. Brandt, Upside, Volume 10, Number 5 (May 1998), pp. 78ff, and at http://www.upside.com/
33. R. Gareiss, 1997. "Is the Internet in Trouble?," Data Communications, (September 21), at http://www.data.com/roundups/trouble.html
34. Through the links at Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis (CAIDA), at http://www.caida.org/ and the National Laboratory for Applied Network Research, at http://www.nlanr.net/
35. Cited in H. Schulzrinne, "Long-Term Traffic Statistics and Traces," at http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~hgs/internet/traffic.html
36. H. Schulzrinne, "Long-Term Traffic Statistics and Traces," at op.cit.
37. MCI Telecommunications, Inc., 1997. "Quality Counts: Assessing Internet Performance," MCI white paper, at ftp://ftp.mci.net/pub/Quality. pdf
38. H. Schulzrinne, "Long-Term Traffic Statistics and Traces," at http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~hgs/internet/traffic.html
39. Merit Network, Inc., "The NSFNet Backbone Project," at http://www.merit.edu/nsfnet/
40. It is also the figure used in Leida, 1998. "A Cost Model of Internet Service Providers."
41. Vertical Systems Group, 1997. ATM & Frame Relay Industry Update.
42. A. M. Odlyzko, "Data networks are lightly utilized, and will stay that way," at http://www.research.att.com/~amo
43. Leida, 1998. "A Cost Model of Internet Service Providers."
44. A. M. Odlyzko, "Data networks are lightly utilized, and will stay that way."
45. Vertical Systems Group, 1997. ATM & Frame Relay Industry Update.
46. Merit Network, Inc., "The NSFNet Backbone Project."
47. Merit Network, Inc., "The NSFNet Backbone Project." op.cit.
48. Network Wizards, at http://www.nw.com/
49. V. Paxson, 1994. "Growth trends in wide-area TCP connections," IEEE Network, Volume 8, Number 4 (July), pp. 8-17.
50. J. Harms, 1994. "From SWITCH to SWITCH* - extrapolating from a case study," Proceedings of INET'94, pp. 341-1 to 341-6, and at http://info.isoc.org/isoc/whatis/conferences/inet/94/papers/341.ps.gz
51. V. Granger, C. McFadden, M. Lambert, S. Carrington, J. Oliver, N. Barton, D. Reingold, and K. Still, 1998. "Net Benefits: The Internet - A Real or Virtual Threat," Merrill Lynch report (March 4).
52. A. Michael Noll, 1991. Introduction to Telephones & Telephone Traffic. Boston: Artech House, pp. 171-175.
53. See Chapter 11 of W. Isard, 1960. Methods of Regional Analysis. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press