Characterising road profiles as Markov Chains

International Journal of Vehicle Design

Volumn 36, Issue 2-3, 2004, Pages 103-115

  Ferris, John B ^a  

^a ZF Industries Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

Markov Chain; Markov process; Road profile; Roads and streets; Stochastic process; Surface roughness

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; CUSTOMER SATISFACTION; DATA REDUCTION; LOADS (FORCES); MARKOV PROCESSES; MATRIX ALGEBRA; STATISTICAL METHODS;

CHASSIS DEVELOPMENT; LOAD DATA; PEAK LOADS; ROAD PROFILE;

ROADS AND STREETS;

EID: 5444268873     PISSN: 01433369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1504/IJVD.2004.005351     Document Type: Review

References (32)

1. Ammon, D. (1991) 'Problems in road surface modeling', Proceedings of the 12th International Association of Vehicle System Dynamics Symposium (IAVSD 1991), Lyon, France, August 26-30, Supplement to Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 20, pp.28-42.
2. ASTM E867-95a (1995) 'Standard terminology relating to traveled surface characteristics', American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA.
3. Aurell, J. and Edlund, S. (1989) 'Operating severity distribution - a base for vehicle optimization', Proceedings of the 11th International Association of Vehicle System Dynamics Symposium (IAVSD 1989), Kingston, Ontario, Canada, August 21-25, Supplement to Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 18, pp.42-56.
4. Bruscella, B., Rouillard, V. and Sek, M. (1999) 'Analysis of road surface profiles', Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol. 125, No, 1, pp.55-59.
5. Czerny, L. and Popp, K. (1987) 'Nonstationary random vibration of vehicles on irregular guideways', Proceedings of the 10th International Association of Vehicle System Dynamics Symposium (IAVSD 1987), Prague, Czechoslovakia, August 24-28, Supplement to Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 17, pp.90-100.
6. Davis, B.R. and Thompson, A.G. (2001) 'Power spectral density of road profiles', Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 35, No. 6, pp.409-415.
7. de Pont, J.J. and Scott, A. (1999) 'Beyond road roughness - interpreting road profile data', Road and Transport Research, Vol. 8, No, 1, pp. 12-28.
8. Dixon, J.C. (1996) Tires, Suspension, and Handling, Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., pp.47-49.
9. Dodds, C.J. and Robson, J.D. (1973) The description of road surface roughness', Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp.175-183.
10. Ferris, J.B. (2001) 'Singular value decomposition of road events into characteristic shapes', American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Dynamic Systems and Control Division DSC, Vol. 70, pp.121-126.
11. Ferris, J.B. and Larsen, J.L. (2002) 'Establishing chassis reliability testing targets based on road roughness', International Journal of Materials & Product Technology, Vol. 17, Nos. 5/6, pp.453-461.
12. Gillespie, T.D. (1985) Heavy Truck Ride, SP-607, Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., pp. 14-16.
13. Gillespie, T.D. (1992) Fundamentals of Vehicle Dynamics, Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., pp.126-132.
14. Gillespie, T.D., Sayers, M. and Segel, L. (1980) 'Calibration of response-type road roughness measuring systems', Final Report, National Cooperative Research Program Report 228.
15. Gorsich, D.J., Chaika, M., Gunter, D., Karlsen, R., Haueisen, B., Sun, T. and Ferris, J.B. (2003) Terrain roughness standards for mobility and ultra-reliability prediction', Proceedings of the SAE World Congress, SAE, Detroit, MI.
16. Hammond, J.K. and Harrison, R.F. (1981) 'Nonstationary response of vehicles on rough ground - a state space approach'. Journal of Dynamics Systems, Measurement, and Control, Vol. 103, pp.245-250.
17. Heath, A.N. (1987) 'Evaluation of the isotropic road roughness assumption', Proceedings of the 10th International Association of Vehicle System Dynamics Symposium (IAVSD 1987), Prague, Czechoslovakia, August 24-28, Supplement to Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 17, pp.157-160.
18. Heath, A.N. (1989) 'Modelling and simulation of road roughness', Proceedings of the 11th International Association of Vehicle System Dynamics Symposium (IAVSD 1989), Kingston, Ontario, Canada. August 21-25, Supplement to Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 18, pp.275-284.
19. Hoel, P.G., Port, S.C. and Stone, C.J. (1987) Introduction to Stochastic Processes, Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, Inc.
20. Hunt, H.E.M. (1989) 'Stochastic modelling of vehicles for calculation of ground vibration', Proceedings of the 11th International Association of Vehicle System Dynamics Symposium (IAVSD 1989), Kingston, Ontario, Canada, August 21-25, Supplement to Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 18, pp.298-309.
21. Hveem, F.N. (1960) 'Devices for recording and evaluating pavement roughness', Highway Research Board Bulletin 264, Highway Research Board, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, pp. 1-26.
22. Karamihas, S.M., Gillespie, T.D., Perera, R.W. and Kohn, S.D. (1999) 'Guidelines for longitudinal pavement profile measurement', National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report 434, Transportation Research Board, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
23. Mimuro, T. and Maemura, T. (1990) 'Road profile measuring system using laser displacement sensors', JSAE Review, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp.76-81.
24. Mimuro, T., Maemura, T. and Fujii, H. (1992) 'Development and application of the road profile measuring system', SAE Paper 92MJA260, Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.
25. Prem, H. (1987) 'A laser-based highway-speed road profile measuring system', Proceedings of the 10th International Association for Vehicle System Dynamics (IAVSD 1987) Symposium on The Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and on Tracks, Prague, Czechoslovakia, August 24-28, pp.300-304.
26. Redfield, R.C. and Karnopp, D.C. (1988) 'Roadway elevation profile generation for vehicle simulation'. Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 17, pp.267-280.
27. Ross, S. (2002) A First Course in Probability, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, p.149.
28. Rouillard, V., Bruscella, B. and Sek, M. (2000) 'Classification of road surface profiles', Journal of Transportation Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 126, No. 1, pp.41-45.
29. Rouillard, V., Sek, M. and Bruscella, B. (2001) 'Classification of road surface profiles', Journal of Transportation Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 127, No. 3, pp.247-253.
30. Spangler, E.B. and Kelly, W.J. (1962) 'Servo-seismic method of measuring road profiles', Highway Research Board Bulletin 328, Highway Research Board, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, pp.33-51.
31. Spangler, E.B. and Kelly, W.J. (1966) 'GMR road profilometer - a method for measuring road profile', Highway Research Record 121, Highway Research Board, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, pp.27-54.
32. Zhao, Y., Zhang, G. and Guo, K. (2000) 'Handling safety simulation of driver-vehicle closed-loop system with evolutionary random road input', Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 33, pp.169-181.