Effects of retroreflector placement on the nighttime conspicuity of pedestrians: An open-road study

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society

Volumn 3, Issue , 2007, Pages 1565-1568

  Balk, Stacy A ^a   Graving, Justin S ^a   Chanko, Ryan G ^a   Tyrrell, Richard A ^a  

^a CLEMSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MOTIONS; CONSPICUITY; RETROREFLECTIVE MARKINGS; TEST VEHICLES;

ERGONOMICS; HIGHWAY MARKINGS; HUMAN ENGINEERING; ROAD AND STREET MARKINGS; ROADS AND STREETS;

PEDESTRIAN SAFETY;

EID: 54249162743     PISSN: 10711813     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (7)

1. Balk, S.A., Carpenter, T.L., Brooks, J.O., Tyrrell, R.A. (2006). Pedestrian conspicuity at night: How much biological motion is enough? Presented at the 2006 Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
2. Blomberg, R., Hale, A. & Preusser, D. (1986) Experimental evaluation of alternative conspicuity-enhancement techniques for pedestrians and bicyclists. Journal of Safety Research, 17, 1-12.
3. Luoma, J., Schumann, J. & Traube, E.C. (1996). Effects of retroreflector positioning on nighttime recognition of pedestrians. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 28(3), 377-383.
4. Owens, D.A., Antonoff, R.J., & Francis, E.L. (1994). Biological motion and nighttime pedestrian conspicuity. Human Factors, 36(4), 718-732.
5. Owens, D.A., & Sivak, M. (1996). Differentiation of visibility and alcohol as contributors to twilight road fatalities. Human Factors, 38(4), 680-689.
6. Sullivan, J. & Flannagan, M. (2002). The Role of Ambient Light Level in Fatal Crashes: Inferences from Daylight Saving Time Transitions. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 34(4), 487-498.
7. Wood, J.W., Tyrrell, R.A., & Carberry, T.P. (2005). Limitations in drivers' ability to recognize pedestrians at night. Human Factors, 47(3), 644-653.