Abundant pyroclastic komatiitic volcanism in the 3.5-3.2 Ga Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa

Geology

Volumn 36, Issue 10, 2008, Pages 779-782

  Stiegler, M Thompson ^a   Lowe, Donald R ^a   Byerly, Gary R ^b  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Archean; Greenstone belts; Komatiite; Tuff; Volcanism

Indexed keywords

ARCHEAN; GREENSTONE BELTS; KOMATIITE; TUFF; VOLCANISM;

BASALT; DEBRIS; GALLIUM; NIOBIUM; RARE EARTH ELEMENTS; STRATIGRAPHY; ZIRCONIUM;

LIQUIDS;

ARCHEAN; GREENSTONE BELT; KOMATIITE; MAGMA; PYROCLASTIC DEPOSIT; RARE EARTH ELEMENT; TUFF; VOLCANISM;

AFRICA; BARBERTON GREENSTONE BELT; KAAPVAAL CRATON; SOUTHERN AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;

EID: 54049103004     PISSN: 00917613     EISSN: 00917613     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1130/G24854A.1     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Anhaeusser, C.R., 1985, Archean layered ultramafic complexes in the Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa, in Ayres, L.D., et al., eds., Evolution of Archean supracrustal sequences: Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 28, p. 281-301.
2. Arndt, N., Ginibre, C., Chauvel, C., Albarede, F., Cheadle, M., Herzberg, C., Jenner, G., and Lahaye, Y., 1998, Were komatiites wet?: Geology, v. 26, p. 739-742, doi: 10.1130/ 0091-7613(1998)026<0739:WKW>2.3.CO;2.
3. Arndt, N., Lesher, C.M., Houle, M.G., Lewin, E., and Lacaze, Y., 2004, Intrusion and crystallization of a spinifex-textured komatiite sill in Dundonald Township, Ontario: Journal of Petrology, v. 45, p. 2555-2571, doi: 10.1093/petrology/egh073.
4. Barley, M.E., Kerrich, R., Reudavy, I., and Xie, Q., 2000, Late Archaean Ti-rich, Al-depleted komatiites and komatiitic volcaniclastic rocks from the Murchison terrane in Western Australia: Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 47, p. 873-883, doi: 10.1046/j.1440-0952.2000.00820.x.
5. Barnes, S.-J., and Often, M., 1990, Ti-rich komatiites from northern Norway: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 105, p. 42-54, doi: 10.1007/BF00320965.
6. Byerly, G., 1999, Komatiites of the Mendon Formation: Late-stage ultramafic volcanism in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, in Lowe, D., and Byerly, G., eds., Geologic evolution of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa: Geological Society of America Special Paper 329, p. 189-212.
7. Byerly, G., Kroner, A., Lowe, D., Todt, W., and Walsh, M., 1996, Prolonged magmatism and time constraints for sediment deposition in the early Archean Barberton greenstone belt: Evidence from the Upper Onverwacht and Fig Tree Groups: Precambrian Research, v. 78, p. 125-138.
8. Chavagnac, V., 2004, A geochemical and Nd isotopic study of Barberton komatiites (South Africa): Implication for the Archean mantle: Lithos, v. 75, p. 253-281, doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2004.03.001.
9. Cooper, M., 2008, Komatiitic flows of the Pioneer Ultramafic Complex of the 3.3 Ga Weltevreden Formation, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa: Stratigraphy, petrology, and geochemistry [M.S. thesis]: Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University, 167 p.
10. Dann, J.C., 2000, The 3.5 Ga Komati Formation, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Affica, Part 1: New maps and magmatic architecture: South African Journal of Geology, v. 103, p. 47-68, doi: 10.2113/103.1.47.
11. Echeverria, L., and Aitken, B.G., 1986, Pyroclastic rocks: Another manifestation of ultramafic volcanisin on Gorgona Island, Colombia: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 92, p. 428-436, doi: 10.1007/BF00374425.
12. Herzberg, C., 1992, Depth and degree of melting of komatiites: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 97, p. 4521-4540, doi: 10.1029/91JB03066.
13. Hollings, P., and Wyman, D., 1999, Trace element and Sm-Nd systematics of volcanic and intrusive rocks from the 3 Ga Lumby Lake Greenstone belt, Superior Province: Evidence for Archean plume-arc interaction: Lithos, v. 46, p. 189-213, doi: 10.1016/S0024-4937(98)00062-0.
14. Lahaye, Y., Arndt, N., Byerly, G., Chauvel, C., Fourcade, S., and Gruau, G., 1995, The influence of alteration on trace-element and Nd isotope composition of komatiites: Chemical Geology, v. 126, p. 43-64, doi: 10.101610009-2541(95)00102-1.
15. Le Bas, M.J., 2000, IUGS Reclassification of the high-mg and picritic volcanic rocks: Journal of Petrology, v. 41, p. 1467-1470.
16. Lowe, D., 1999a, Petrology and sedimentology of cherts and related silicified sedimentary rocks in the Swaziland Supergroup, in Lowe, D., and Byerly, G., eds., Geologic evolution of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa: Geological Society of America Special Paper 329, p. 83-114.
17. Lowe, D., 1999b, Shallow-water sedimentation of accretionary lapilli-bearing strata of the Msauli Chert: Evidence of explosive hydromagmatic komatiitic volcanism, in Lowe, D., and Byerly, G., eds., Geologic evolution of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa: Geological Society of America Special Paper 329, p. 213-232.
18. Lowe, D., and Byerly, G., 1999, Stratigraphy of the west-central part of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa, in Lowe, D., and Byerly, G., eds., Geologic Evolution of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa: Geological Society of America Special Paper 329, p. 1-36.
19. Mueller, W.U., Daigneault, R., Pearson, V., Houle, M.G., Dostal, J., and Pilote, P., 2006, The komatiite-komatiitic basalt-basalt association in oceanic plateaus and calderas: Physical volcanology and textures of subaqueous Archean flow fields in the Abitibi greenstone belt, field trip A3: Geological Association of Canada/Mineralogical Association of Canada Field Trip Guidebook, 78 p.
20. Page, M.L., and Schmulian, M.L., 1981, The proximal volcanic environment of Scotia nickel deposit: Economic Geology and the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists, v. 76, p. 1469-1479.
21. Palme, H., and O'Neill, H.S.C., 2004, Cosmochemical estimates of mantle composition, in Carlson, R.W., ed., The mantle and core: Treatise on Geochemistry, Volume 2: Amsterdam, Elsevier, p. 1-38.
22. Parman, S.W., Shimizu, N., Grove, T.L., and Dann, J.C., 2003, Constraints on the pre-metamorphic trace element composition of Barberton komatiites from ion probe analyses of preserved clinopyroxene: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 144, p. 383-396, doi: 10.1007/s00410-002-0406-1.
23. Parman, S.W., Grove, T.L., Dann, J.C., and de Wit, M., 2004, A subduction origin for komatiites and cratonic lithospheric mantle: South African Journal of Geology, v. 107, p. 107-118, doi: 10.2113/107.1-2.107.
24. Saverikko, M., 1985, The pyroclastic komatiite complex at Sattasvaara in northern Finland: Geologic Society of Finland Bulletin, v. 57, p. 55-87.
25. Schaefer, S.J., and Morton, P., 1991, Two komatiitic pyroclastic units, Superior Province, northwestern Ontario: Their geology, petrography, and correlation: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 28, p. 1455-1470.
26. Stone, W.E., Deloule, E., Larson, M.S., and Lesher, C.M., 1997, Evidence for hydrous high-MgO melts in the Precambrian: Geology, v. 25, p. 143-146, doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0143:EFHHMM>2.3.CO;2.
27. Svetov, S.A., 2001, Archean high-MgO volcanism in East Fennoscandia, in Cassidy, K.F., et al., eds., 4th International Archaean Symposium, Extended Abstracts: Australian Geological Survey Organisation-Geoscience Australia, Record 2001/37, p. 199-200.
28. Tice, M.M., Bostick, B.C., and Lowe, D., 2004, Thermal history of the 3.5-3.2 G Onverwacht and Fig Tree Groups, Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa, inferred by Raman microspectroscopy of carbonaceous material: Geology, v. 32, p. 37-40, doi: 10.1130/G19915.1.
29. Viljoen, M.J., and Viljoen, R.P., 1969, The geology and geochemistry of the lower ultramafic unit of the Onverwacht Group and a proposed new class of igneous rocks: Geological Society of South Africa Special Publication 2, p. 55-86.
30. Williams, D.A.C., and Furnell, R.G., 1979, Reassessment of part of the Barberton type area, South Africa: Precambrian Research, v. 9, p. 325-347, doi: 10.1016/0301-9268(79)90011-1.