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1
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0036191639
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Biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, and physiological roles of the iodothyronine selenodeiodinases
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Bianco AC, Salvatore D, Gereben B, et al. Biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, and physiological roles of the iodothyronine selenodeiodinases. Endocr Rev 2002; 23:38-89.
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(2002)
Endocr Rev
, vol.23
, pp. 38-89
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Bianco, A.C.1
Salvatore, D.2
Gereben, B.3
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2
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29844441156
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Nonthyroidal illness syndrome is a manifestation of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, and in view of current evidence, should be treated with appropriate replacement therapies
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De Groot U. Nonthyroidal illness syndrome is a manifestation of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, and in view of current evidence, should be treated with appropriate replacement therapies. Crit Care Clin 2006; 22:57-86.
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(2006)
Crit Care Clin
, vol.22
, pp. 57-86
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De Groot, U.1
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3
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34447340972
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Alevizaki M, Synetou M, Xynos K, et al. Low triiodothyronine: a strong predictor of outcome in acute stroke patients. Eur J Clin Invest 2007; 37:651-657. A study demonstrating that a low serum T3 is an independent predictor of poor outcome following stroke.
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Alevizaki M, Synetou M, Xynos K, et al. Low triiodothyronine: a strong predictor of outcome in acute stroke patients. Eur J Clin Invest 2007; 37:651-657. A study demonstrating that a low serum T3 is an independent predictor of poor outcome following stroke.
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4
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33749003446
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Rapid nongenomic actions of thyroid hormone
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Hiroi Y, Kim HH, Ying H, et al. Rapid nongenomic actions of thyroid hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:14104-14109.
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(2006)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
, vol.103
, pp. 14104-14109
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Hiroi, Y.1
Kim, H.H.2
Ying, H.3
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5
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34249682143
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Correlates of nonthyroidal illness syndrome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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Karadag F, Ozcan H, Karul AB, et al. Correlates of nonthyroidal illness syndrome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med 2007; 101:1439-1446.
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(2007)
Respir Med
, vol.101
, pp. 1439-1446
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Karadag, F.1
Ozcan, H.2
Karul, A.B.3
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6
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34347253595
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Toll-like receptor-MyD88 and Fc receptor pathways of mast cells mediate the thyroid dysfunctions observed during nonthyroidal illness
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A study investigating inflammatory cell signaling pathways in a mouse model of the NTIS. This model was associated with a large decrease in serum T4. The decreased T4 was mediated by signaling through TLR4 and MyD88 and required intact mast cells
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Rocchi R, Kimura H, Tzou SC, et al. Toll-like receptor-MyD88 and Fc receptor pathways of mast cells mediate the thyroid dysfunctions observed during nonthyroidal illness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:6019-6024. A study investigating inflammatory cell signaling pathways in a mouse model of the NTIS. This model was associated with a large decrease in serum T4. The decreased T4 was mediated by signaling through TLR4 and MyD88 and required intact mast cells.
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(2007)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
, vol.104
, pp. 6019-6024
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Rocchi, R.1
Kimura, H.2
Tzou, S.C.3
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7
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0037961036
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Reduced activation and increased inactivation of thyroid hormone in tissues of critically ill patients
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Peeters RP, Wouters PJ, Kaptein E, et al. Reduced activation and increased inactivation of thyroid hormone in tissues of critically ill patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88:3202-3211.
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(2003)
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.88
, pp. 3202-3211
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Peeters, R.P.1
Wouters, P.J.2
Kaptein, E.3
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8
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33745175571
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Induction of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase to prevent the nonthyroidal illness syndrome in mice
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Yu J, Koenig RJ. Induction of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase to prevent the nonthyroidal illness syndrome in mice. Endocrinology 2006; 147:3580-3585.
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(2006)
Endocrinology
, vol.147
, pp. 3580-3585
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Yu, J.1
Koenig, R.J.2
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9
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34547749980
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The type II iodothyronine deiodinase is up-regulated in skeletal muscle during prolonged critical illness
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A study showing that skeletal muscle D2 is not decreased in patients with the NTIS, thus providing evidence that the low T3 state is not secondary to decreased D2 activity
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Mebis L, Langouche L, Visser TJ, Van den Berghe G. The type II iodothyronine deiodinase is up-regulated in skeletal muscle during prolonged critical illness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92:3330-3333. A study showing that skeletal muscle D2 is not decreased in patients with the NTIS, thus providing evidence that the low T3 state is not secondary to decreased D2 activity.
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(2007)
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
, vol.92
, pp. 3330-3333
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Mebis, L.1
Langouche, L.2
Visser, T.J.3
Van den Berghe, G.4
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10
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42149100142
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Rodriguez-Perez A, Palos-Paz F, Kaptein E, et al. Identification of molecular mechanisms related to nonthyroidal illness syndrome in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue from patients with septic shock. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2008; 68:821-827. Patients with septic shock had increased D3 enzyme activity in skeletal muscle but not in subcutaneous adipose tissue, indicating this induction is not uniform across all tissues. Skeletal muscle D2 enzyme activity was not induced in the septic shock patients.
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Rodriguez-Perez A, Palos-Paz F, Kaptein E, et al. Identification of molecular mechanisms related to nonthyroidal illness syndrome in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue from patients with septic shock. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2008; 68:821-827. Patients with septic shock had increased D3 enzyme activity in skeletal muscle but not in subcutaneous adipose tissue, indicating this induction is not uniform across all tissues. Skeletal muscle D2 enzyme activity was not induced in the septic shock patients.
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11
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27844524943
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Induction of type 3 deiodinase activity in inflammatory cells of mice with chronic local inflammation
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Boelen A, Kwakkel J, Alkemade A, et al. Induction of type 3 deiodinase activity in inflammatory cells of mice with chronic local inflammation. Endocrinology 2005; 146:5128-5134.
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(2005)
Endocrinology
, vol.146
, pp. 5128-5134
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Boelen, A.1
Kwakkel, J.2
Alkemade, A.3
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12
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34748872239
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Thyroid function disturbance and type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase induction after myocardial infarction in rats a time course study
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A study showing that D3 was induced in the hearts of rats following myocardial infarction. This was a local effect, because liver D3 was not induced. The induction of D3 in the heart might contribute to the low T4 and/or low T3 observed in this animal model of NTIS
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Olivares EL, Marassi MP, Fortunato RS, et al. Thyroid function disturbance and type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase induction after myocardial infarction in rats a time course study. Endocrinology 2007; 148:4786-4792. A study showing that D3 was induced in the hearts of rats following myocardial infarction. This was a local effect, because liver D3 was not induced. The induction of D3 in the heart might contribute to the low T4 and/or low T3 observed in this animal model of NTIS.
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(2007)
Endocrinology
, vol.148
, pp. 4786-4792
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Olivares, E.L.1
Marassi, M.P.2
Fortunato, R.S.3
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13
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39449088036
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Simonides WS, Mulcahey MA, Redout EM, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor induces local thyroid hormone inactivation during hypoxic-ischemic disease in rats. J Clin Invest 2008; 118:975-983. In this study, rats with right ventricular hypertrophy and consequent congestive heart failure were found to have a localized induction of D3 in the right ventricle. This induction was transcriptionally mediated by HIF-1α. In cell lines, low oxygen tension also induced D3 and this was associated with decreased oxygen consumption, as would be predicted for tissue hypothyroidism secondary to the NTIS.
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Simonides WS, Mulcahey MA, Redout EM, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor induces local thyroid hormone inactivation during hypoxic-ischemic disease in rats. J Clin Invest 2008; 118:975-983. In this study, rats with right ventricular hypertrophy and consequent congestive heart failure were found to have a localized induction of D3 in the right ventricle. This induction was transcriptionally mediated by HIF-1α. In cell lines, low oxygen tension also induced D3 and this was associated with decreased oxygen consumption, as would be predicted for tissue hypothyroidism secondary to the NTIS.
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14
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12144285933
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Lipopolysaccharide induces type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in the mediobasal hypothalamus: Implications for the nonthyroidal illness syndrome
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Fekete C, Gereben B, Doleschall M, et al. Lipopolysaccharide induces type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in the mediobasal hypothalamus: implications for the nonthyroidal illness syndrome. Endocrinology 2004; 145:1649-1655.
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(2004)
Endocrinology
, vol.145
, pp. 1649-1655
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Fekete, C.1
Gereben, B.2
Doleschall, M.3
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15
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42449085831
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Sanchez E, Singru PS, Fekete C, Lechan RM. Induction of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in the mediobasal hypothalamus by bacterial lipopolysaccharide: role of corticosterone. Endocrinology 2008; 149:2484-2493. A study in adrenalectomized, corticosterone-clamped rats demonstrating that the induction of hypothalamic D2 by endotoxin does not depend on stress-induced increases in circulating glucocorticoids.
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Sanchez E, Singru PS, Fekete C, Lechan RM. Induction of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in the mediobasal hypothalamus by bacterial lipopolysaccharide: role of corticosterone. Endocrinology 2008; 149:2484-2493. A study in adrenalectomized, corticosterone-clamped rats demonstrating that the induction of hypothalamic D2 by endotoxin does not depend on stress-induced increases in circulating glucocorticoids.
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16
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33846805764
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Chronic local inflammation in mice results in decreased TRH and type 3 deiodinase mRNA expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus independently of diminished food intake
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Boelen A, Kwakkel J, Wiersinga WM, Fliers E. Chronic local inflammation in mice results in decreased TRH and type 3 deiodinase mRNA expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus independently of diminished food intake. J Endocrinol 2006; 191:707-714.
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(2006)
J Endocrinol
, vol.191
, pp. 707-714
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Boelen, A.1
Kwakkel, J.2
Wiersinga, W.M.3
Fliers, E.4
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17
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33847677741
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Thyroid hormone receptor isoform expression in livers of critically ill patients
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Thijssen-Timmer DC, Peeters RP, Wouters P, et al. Thyroid hormone receptor isoform expression in livers of critically ill patients. Thyroid 2007; 17:105-112.
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(2007)
Thyroid
, vol.17
, pp. 105-112
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Thijssen-Timmer, D.C.1
Peeters, R.P.2
Wouters, P.3
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18
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34547860383
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lnterleukin-1 beta modulates endogenous thyroid hormone receptor alpha gene transcription in liver cells
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Kwakkel J, Wiersinga WM, Boelen A. lnterleukin-1 beta modulates endogenous thyroid hormone receptor alpha gene transcription in liver cells. J Endocrinol 2007; 194:257-265.
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(2007)
J Endocrinol
, vol.194
, pp. 257-265
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Kwakkel, J.1
Wiersinga, W.M.2
Boelen, A.3
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