The violence of development and the migration/insecurities nexus: Labour migration in a North American context

Third World Quarterly

Volumn 29, Issue 7, 2008, Pages 1375-1388

  Marchand, Marianne H ^a  

^a UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS AMÉRICAS PUEBLA   (Mexico)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LABOR MIGRATION; MIGRATION DETERMINANT; TERRORISM; VIOLENCE; WORKPLACE;

NORTH AMERICA;

EID: 53549085717     PISSN: 01436597     EISSN: 13602241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01436590802386575     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. A 'pollero' is the Spanish (Mexican) term for migrant smuggler. It should be noted that a pollero can be part of a large, criminal network or can be someone of the migrant's hometown and working relatively independently. In the latter case the pollero is someone embedded in the community's social network.
2. S Castles & M Miller, The Age of Migration, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
3. J Nevins, Operation Gatekeeper: The Rise of the 'Illegal Alien' and the Making of the US - Mexico Boundary, New York: Routledge, 2002.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid
6. and P Andreas, Border Games: Policing the US - Mexico Divide, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2000.
7. J Durand, DS Massey & Rene' Zenteno, 'Mexican immigration to the United States: Continuities and changes', Latin American Research Review, 36 (1), 2001, pp 107-127
8. and J Durand & DS Massey, Clandestinos: Migración México-Estados Unidos en los albores del siglo XXI, Mexico City: Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas/Miguel Ángel Porrúa, 2003.
9. A Canales, 'International migration and labour flexibility in the context of NAFTA', International Social Science Journal, 165, 2000, pp 409-419
10. and Durand & Massey, Clandestinos.
11. S Kothari & W Harcourt, 'Introduction: The violence of development', Development (special issue), 47 (1), 2004, p 6.
12. Ibid, p 3.
13. A Escobar, 'Development, violence and the new imperial order', Development, 47 (1), 2004, p 16.
14. MH Marchand, 'Neo-liberal disciplining, violence and transnational organizing: The struggle for women's rights in Ciudad Juárez', Development, 47 (1), 2004, pp 88-89.
15. The information for this section comes from the project 'Apizaco y Huamantla. Estudio comparativo de comunidades expulsoras de migrantes: Modelo de análisis de las causas e implicaciones de los flujos migratorios para solucionar la falta del desarrollo sustentable social de la región (clave Fomix-Tlax- 2003-02-12453), 2004-2006', for which the author received funding from the Mexican Council for Science and Technology. See also MH Marchand (ed), Tlaxcala: M¿igración o Desarrollo Local? Puebla: Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología/Universidad de las Américas, Puebla, 2006
16. and http://www.ceres.org.mx/migraciontlaxcala/general.htm.
17. Marchand, Tlaxcala.
18. W Kandel & D Massey, 'The culture of Mexican migration: A theoretical and empirical analysis', Social Forces, 80 (3), pp 981-1004.
19. Andreas, Border Games; Nevins, Operation Gatekeeper
20. Humane Borders, Humane Borders Water Station Maps and Warning Posters 2006, at http://www.humaneborders.org/news/news4.html, accessed 20 June 2008
21. and Coalición de Derechos Humanos, Final Count for Recovered Bodies on the Arizona-Sonora Border 237 as Border Patrol Continues to Report Decreases in Crossings, 2007, at http://www.derechoshumanosaz.net/images/pdfs/ 10-11-07%20press%20release.pdf, accessed 20 June 2008.
22. Of 1.9% of the bodies found the sex could not be determined.
23. The figures provided here come from my own calculations based on the information in Coalición de Derechos Humanos/Alianza Indígena sin Fronteras, Migrant Deaths, 2006, at http://www.derechoshumanosaz.net/deaths.php4, accessed 13 February 2006. This information is now available at http://www.derechoshumanosaz.net/index.php?option=com_content&task= view&id=20&Itemid=34, accessed 20 June 2008.
24. A Portes, L Guarnizo & P Landolt, 'El estudio del transnacionalismo: peligros latentes y promesas de un campo de investigación emergente', in Portes et al (eds), La Globalización desde Abajo: Transnacionalismo Inmigrante y Desarrollo - la Experiencia de Estados Unidos y América Latina, Mexico City: Flacso, 2003, pp 15-44
25. and RC Smith, Mexican New York: Transnational Lives of New Immigrants Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2005.
26. WA Cornelius, 'The US demand for Mexican labor', in WA Cornelius & JA Bustamante (eds), Mexican Migration to the United States: Origins, Consequences, and Policy Options, La Jolla, CA: Bilateral Commission on the Future of US-Mexican Relations, 1989, pp 25-47
27. and Human Rights Watch, Blood Sweat and Fear: Workers' Rights in US Meat and Poultry Plants, New York: Human Rights Watch, 2006, at http://www.hrw.org/reports/2005/usa0105/, accessed 20 June 2008.
28. N Glick Schiller & L Basch, 'From immigrant to transmigrant: Theorizing transnational migration', Anthropological Quarterly, 68 (1), 1995, pp 48-63
29. T Faist, 2000, 'Transnationalization in international migration: implications for the study of citizenship and culture', Ethnic and Racial Studies, 23 (2), 2000, pp 189-222
30. Portes et al, 'El estudio del transnacionalismo'
31. Smith, Mexican New York
32. and LF Herrera Lima, 'Hacia una agenda de investigación del trabajo en el espacio laboral transnacional de Norteamérica', Trabajo, 2 (3), 2006, pp 89-121.
33. Marchand, Tlaxcala.
34. Ibid.
35. R García Zamora, Migración, remesas y desarrollo local, Zacatecas, MX: Programa de Doctorado en Estudios de Desarrollo, University of Zacatecas, 2003.
36. Smith, Mexican New York.
37. L Goldring, 'Gender, status, and the state in transnational spaces: The gendering of political participation and Mexican hometown associations', in P Hondagneu-Sotelo (ed), Gender and US Immigration: Contemporary Trends, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2003
38. and P Hondagneu-Sotelo, Doméstica: Immigrant Workers Cleaning and Caring in the Shadows of Affluence, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2007.
39. Human Rights Watch, Forced Apart: Families Separated and Immigrants Harmed by United States Deportation Policy, New York: Human Rights Watch, 2007, at http://hrw.org/reports/2007/us0707/index.htm, accessed 28 June 2008.
40. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 2008, at http://www.ice.gov/about/, accessed 27 June 2008.
41. Smith, Mexican New York.