Effective area of a horizontal long-wire antenna collecting the atmospheric electric vertical current

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 101, Issue 23, 1996, Pages 29671-29677

  Tammet, H ^a   Israelsson, S ^b   Knudsen, E ^b   Tuomi, T J ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TARTU   (Estonia)

^b UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^c FINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTENNA; ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY; ELECTRIC CURRENT;

EID: 5344250944     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/96jd02131     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Burke, H.K., and A.A. Few, Direct measurements of the atmospheric conduction current, J. Geophys. Res., 83, 3093-3098, 1978.
2. Byrne, G.J., J.R. Renbook, E.A. Bering, A.A. Few, G.A. Morris, W.J. Trabucco, and E.W. Paschal, Ground-based instrumentation for measurement of atmospheric conduction current and electric field at the South Pole, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 2611-2618, 1993.
3. Dolezalek, H., Zur Berechnung des luftelektrischen Stromkreises III: Kontrolle des Ohmschen Gesetzes durch Messung, Geofis. Pura Appl., 46, 125-144, 1960.
4. Few, A.A., and A.J. Weinheimer, Factor of 2 in balloon-borne atmospheric conduction current measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 10,937-10,948, 1986.
5. Hoppel, W.A., and S.G. Gathman, Determination of eddy diffusion coefficients from atmospheric electric measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 76, 1467-1477, 1971.
6. Hoppel, W.A., R.V. Anderson, and J.C. Willett, Atmospheric electricity in planetary boundary layer, in The Earth's Electrical Environment, edited by E.P. Krider and R.G. Roble, pp. 149-165, Nat Acad. Press, Washington, D.C., 1986.
7. Israël, H., Atmospheric electricity, vol. I, Isr. Program for Sci. Transi., Jerusalem, 1970.
8. Israël, H., Atmospheric electricity, vol. II, Isr. Program for Sci. Transl., Jerusalem, 1973.
9. Israelsson, S., The effects of wind and evaporation on space charge formation at the ground, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 56, 1-8, 1994.
10. Israelsson, S., E. Knudsen, and S.V. Anisimov, Vertical profiles of electrical conductivity in the lowermost part of the turbulent boundary layer over flat ground, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 56, 1545-1550, 1994.
11. Kasemir, H.W., Measurement of the air-earth current density, in Proc. Conf. Atmos. Electricity, Geophys. Res. Pap. 42, pp. 91-95, Air Force Cambridge Res. Cent., Bedford, Mass., 1955.
12. Kasemir, H.W., and L.H. Ruhnke, Antenna problems of measurement of the air-Earth current, in Recent Advances in Atmospheric Electricity, edited by L. G. Smith, pp. 137-147, Pergamon, New York, 1959.
13. Loeb, L.B, Basic Processes of Gaseous Electronics, Univ. of Calif. Press, Berkeley, 1960.
14. Rosen, J.M., D.J. Hofmann, W. Gringel, J. Berlinski, S. Michnowski, Y, Morita, T. Ogawa, and D. Olson, Results of an international workshop on atmospheric electrical measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 1219-1227, 1982.
15. Ruhnke, L.H., Area averaging of atmospheric electric currents, J. Geomagn. Geoelectr., 21, 453-462, 1969.
16. Ruhnke, L.H., and S. Michnowski (Eds), Proceedings of the International Workshop on Global Atmospheric Electricity Measurements, Madralin, Poland, September 10-16, 1989, Publ. Inst. Geophys., Polish Acad. Sci., D-35(238), 1991.
17. Tammet, H.F., The Aspiration Method for the Determination of Atmospheric-Ion Spectra, 200 pp., Isr. Program for Sci. Transi., Jerusalem, 1970.
18. Tammet, H., Recommendations for vertical current measurements as a part of simultaneous observations of the global atmospheric electric circuit, Publ. Inst. Geophys. Polish Acad. Sci., D-35(238), 223-236, 1991.
19. Tuomi, T.J., Atmospheric electrode effect: Approximate theory and wintertime observations, Pure Appl. Geophys., 119, 31-45, 1981.
20. Tuomi, T.J., The atmospheric electrode effect over snow, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 44, 737-745, 1982.
21. Willett, J.C., The turbulent electrode effect as influenced by interfacial ion transfer, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 8453-8469, 1983.
22. 222Rn daughter deposition on vegetated ground, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 5901-5908, 1985.