Predictive modelling of prospectivity for Pb-Zn deposits in the Lawn Hill Region, Queensland, Australia

Ore Geology Reviews

Volumn 34, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 399-427

  Feltrin, Leonardo ^a  

^a JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Bayesian probability; Century zinc deposit; Mineral potential mapping; Mount Isa Inlier; Weights of Evidence

Indexed keywords

BAYESIAN PROBABILITY; CENTURY ZINC DEPOSIT; MINERAL POTENTIAL MAPPING; MOUNT ISA INLIER; WEIGHTS OF EVIDENCE;

BLENDING; KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS; LEAD ALLOYS; LEAD DEPOSITS; LEAD ZINC DEPOSITS; MINERAL RESOURCES; MINERALOGY; MINERALS; MINING; ORES; SILICA; SILICATE MINERALS; ZINC; ZINC DEPOSITS;

MATHEMATICAL MODELS;

BAYESIAN ANALYSIS; LEAD; MINERAL DEPOSIT; MINERALIZATION; MODELING; ZINC;

AUSTRALASIA; AUSTRALIA; LAWN HILL PLATFORM; MOUNT ISA INLIER; QUEENSLAND;

ISOPTERA;

EID: 53349160669     PISSN: 01691368     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2008.05.002     Document Type: Article

References (145)

1. Agterberg F.P. Geomathematics (1974), Elsevier, Amsterdam 596 pp.
2. Agterberg F.P. Systematic approach to dealing with uncertainty of geoscience information in mineral exploration. In: Weiss A. (Ed). Application of Computers and Operations in the Mineral Industry: Proceedings, 21st APCOM Symposium (1989), Colorado Society of Mining Engineers, Littleton, Las Vegas, Nevada 165-178
3. Agterberg F.P. Estimating the probability of occurrence of mineral deposits from multiple map patterns. In: Merriam D.F., and Kurzl H. (Eds). The Use of Microcomputers in Geology (1992), Plenum Press, New York 73-92
4. Agterberg F.P., and Bonham-Carter G.F. Measuring the performance of mineral-potential maps. Natural Resources Research 14 (2005) 1-17
5. Agterberg F.P., and Cheng Q. Conditional independence test for weights-of-evidence modeling. Natural Resources Research 11 (2002) 249-255
6. Agterberg F.P., Bonham-Carter G.F., and Wright D.F. Statistical pattern integration for mineral exploration. In: Gaál G., and Merriam D.F. (Eds). Computer Applications in Resource Estimation (1990), Pergamon Press, Oxford 1-21
7. Algeo T.J., and Maynard J.B. Trace-element behavior and redox facies in core shales of Upper Pennsylvanian Kansas-type cyclothems. Chemical Geology 206 (2004) 289-318
8. Anderson G.M., and Macqueen R.W. Ore deposit models; Mississippi valley type lead-zinc deposits. Geoscience Canada 9 (1982) 108-117
9. Anderson G.M., and Thom J. The role of thermochemical sulfate reduction in the origin of Mississippi Valley-type deposits. II. Carbonate-sulfide relationships. Geofluids 8 (2008) 27-34
10. Andrews S. Stratigraphy and depositional setting of the upper McNamara Group, Lawn Hill region. In: Baker T., Rotherham J.F., Richmond J.M., Mark G., and Williams P.J. (Eds). MIC '96; New developments in metallogenic research; the McArthur-Mount Isa-Cloncurry minerals province; extended abstracts. Contributions of the Economic Geology Research Unit (1996), James Cook University of North Queensland, Geology Department 5-9
11. Andrews S.J. Stratigraphy and depositional setting of the upper McNamara Group, Lawn Hills region, Northwest Queensland. Metallogeny of the McArthur River-Mount Isa-Cloncurry minerals province. Economic Geology 93 (1998) 1132-1152
12. Asadi H.H., and Hale M. A predictive GIS model for mapping potential gold and base metal mineralization in Takab area, Iran. Computers & Geosciences 27 (2001) 901-912
13. Banks D.A., Boyce A.J., and Samson I.M. Constraints on the origins of fluids forming Irish Zn-Pb-Ba deposits: evidence from the composition of fluid inclusions. Economic Geology 97 (2002) 471-480
14. Barnard G.A., and Bayes T. Studies in the history of probability and statistics: IX. Thomas Bayes's essay towards solving a problem in the doctrine of chances. Biometrika 45 (1958) 293-315
15. Bell T.H. Thrusting and duplex formation at Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia. Nature 304 (1983) 493-497
16. Bertolin A., Frizzo P., and Rampazzo G. Sulphide speciation in surface sediments of the Lagoon of Venice: a geochemical and mineralogical study. Marine Geology 123 (1995) 73-86
17. Betts P.G. Palaeoproterozoic mid-basin inversion in the northern Mt Isa terrane, Queensland. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 46 (1999) 735-748
18. Betts P.G. Three-dimensional structure along the inverted Palaeoproterozoic Fiery Creek Fault System, Mount Isa terrane, Australia. Journal of Structural Geology 23 (2001) 1953-1969
19. Betts P.G., and Giles D. The 1800-1100 Ma tectonic evolution of Australia. Precambrian Research 144 (2006) 92-125
20. Betts P.G., and Lister G.S. Comparison of the 'strike-slip' versus the 'episodic rift-sag models for the origin of the Isa Superbasin. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 48 (2001) 265-280
21. Betts P.G., and Lister G.S. Geodynamically indicated targeting strategy for shale-hosted massive sulfide Pb-Zn-Ag mineralisation in the Western Fold Belt, Mt Isa terrane. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 49 (2002) 985-1010
22. Betts P.G., Lister G.S., and O'Dea M.G. Asymmetric extension of the middle Proterozoic lithosphere, Mount Isa Terrane, Queensland, Australia. Tectonophysics 296 (1998) 293-316
23. Betts P.G., Lister G.S., and Pound K.S. Architecture of a Palaeoproterozoic Rift System: evidence from the Fiery Creek Dome region, Mt Isa terrane. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 46 (1999) 533-554
24. Betts P.G., Giles D., and Lister G.S. Tectonic environment of shale-hosted massive sulfide Pb-Zn-Ag deposits of Proterozoic northeastern Australia. Economic Geology 98 (2003) 557-576
25. Betts P.G., Giles D., and Lister G.S. Aeromagnetic patterns of half-graben and basin inversion: implications for sediment-hosted massive sulfide Pb-Zn-Ag exploration. Journal of Structural Geology 26 (2004) 1137-1156
26. Bishop M.M., Feinberg S.E., and Holland P.W. Discrete Multivariate Analysis: Theory and Practice (1975), MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts 587 pp.
27. Blake D.H. Geology of the Mount Isa Inlier and environs, Queensland and Northern Territory. Bureau of Mineral Resources Bulletin 225 (1987) (83 pp.)
28. Blake D.H., and Stewart A.J. Stratigraphic and tectonic framework, Mount Isa Inlier. In: Stewart A.J., and Blake D.H. (Eds). Detailed Studies of the Mount Isa Inlier. Australian Geological Survey Organisation Bulletin vol. 243 (1992) 1-11
29. Blenkinsop, T.G., Mustard, R., Bierlein, F.P., 2004. Fault Roughness, Length and Mineral Endowment. Pmd*CRC project I2 + I3 report (unpublished), James Cook University, Townsville, 11 pp.
30. Bonham-Carter G.F. Geographic Information Systems for Geoscientists: Modelling with GIS (1994), Pergamon Press, New York 398 pp.
31. Bonham-Carter G.F., Agterberg F.P., and Wright D.F. Weights of evidence modelling: new approach to mapping mineral potential. In: Agterberg F.P., Bonham-Carter G.F., and Fanning C.M. (Eds). Statistical Applications in the Earth Science (1989), Geological Survey of Canada 171-183
32. Bons P.D. The formation of large quartz veins by rapid ascent of fluids in mobile hydrofractures. Tectonophysics 336 (2001) 1-17
33. Bresser, H.A., 1992. Origin of base metal vein mineralisation in the Lawn Hill mineral field, North-Western Queensland. Unpublished Honours Thesis, James Cook University of North Queensland, Townsville, Qld., 115 pp.
34. Broadbent, G.C., 1999. Geology and Origin of the Century Zinc Deposit. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld., 216 pp.
35. Broadbent G.C., Myers R.E., and Wright J.V. Geology and origin of shale-hosted Zn-Pb-Ag mineralization at the Century Deposit, Northwest Queensland, Australia. Economic Geology 93 (1998) 1264-1294
36. Brown W.M., Gedeon T.D., Groves D.I., and Barnes R.G. Mineral prospectivity mapping; a comparison of MLP neural network, fuzzy logic and weights of evidence methods. In: Skilbeck C.G., and Hubble T.C.T. (Eds). Understanding planet Earth; searching for a sustainable future; on the starting blocks of the third millennium; abstracts (2000), Geological Society of Australia, Sydney, N.S.W. 63
37. Carranza, E.J.M., 2002. Geologically-Constrained Mineral Potential Mapping (Examples from the Philippines). Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Enschede, The Netherlands, 474 pp.
38. Carranza E.J.M. Weights of evidence modeling of mineral potential: a case study using small number of prospects, Abra, Philippines. Natural Resources Research 13 (2004) 173-187
39. Carranza E.J.M., and Hale M. Geologically constrained probabilistic mapping of gold potential, Baguio District, Philippines. Natural Resources Research 9 (2000) 237-253
40. Carranza E.J.M., and Hale M. Evidential belief functions for data-driven geologically constrained mapping of gold potential, Baguio district, Philippines. Ore Geology Reviews 22 (2003) 117-132
41. Carranza E.J.M., Woldai T., and Chikambwe E.M. Application of data-driven evidential belief functions to prospectivity mapping for aquamarine bearing pegmatites, Lundazi District, Zambia. Natural Resources Research 14 (2005) 47-63
42. Carranza E.J.M., Hale M., and Faassen C. Selection of coherent deposit-type locations and their application in data-driven mineral prospectivity mapping. Ore Geology Reviews 33 3-4 (2008) 536-558
43. Carter E.K., Brooks J.H., and Walker K.R. The Precambrian mineral belt of north-western Queensland. Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources Bulletin 61 (1961) (344 pp.)
44. Chen J., Walter M.R., Logan G.A., Hinman M.C., and Summons R.E. The Paleoproterozoic McArthur River (HYC) Pb/Zn/Ag deposit of northern Australia: organic geochemistry and ore genesis. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 210 (2003) 467-479
45. Collins W.J., and Shaw R.D. Geochronological constraints on orogenic events in the Arunta Inlier: a review. Precambrian Research 71 (1995) 315-346
46. Cooke D.R., Bull S.W., Large R.R., and McGoldrick P.J. the importance of oxidized brines for the formation of Australian Proterozoic stratiform sediment-hosted Pb-Zn (Sedex) deposits. Economic Geology 95 (2000) 1-18
47. Corbella M., Ayora C., and Cardellach E. Hydrothermal mixing, carbonate dissolution and sulfide precipitation in Mississippi Valley-type deposits. Mineralium Deposita 39 (2004) 344-357
48. Coveney R.M. Metalliferous shales and the role of organic matter with examples from China, Poland, and the United States. In: Giordano T.H., Kettler R.M., and Wood S.A. (Eds). Ore genesis and exploration; the roles of organic matter. Reviews in Economic Geology vol. 9 (2000) 251-280
49. Coveney R.M., and Pasava J. Diverse connections between ores and organic matter. Ore Geology Reviews 24 (2004) 1-5
50. Cox S.F., Etheridge M.A., and Wall V.J. The role of fluids in syntectonic mass transport, and the localization of metamorphic vein-type ore deposits. Ore Geology Reviews 2 (1987) 65-86
51. Derrick G.M. A Proterozoic rift zone at Mount Isa, Queensland, and implications for mineralisation. BMR Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics 7 (1982) 81-92
52. Duda R.O., Hart P.E., Barrett P., Gaschnig J.C., Konolige K., Reboh R., and Slocum J. Development of the PROSPECTOR Consultation System For Mineral Exploration (1978), Stanford Research Institute International, SRI International, Artificial Intelligence Centre, Menlo Park, CA 193 pp.
53. Eastman J.R. IDRISI 32: Guide to GIS and Image Processing (2003), Clark Lab, Clark University, Worcester, MA 328 pp.
54. Everett C.E., Wilkinson J.J., Eyre S.L., Boyce A.J., and Anonymous. Fluid flow and mineralization in the Irish orefield. GSA Abstracts with Programs 31 7 (1999) 162
55. Everett C.E., Rye D.M., and Ellam R.M. Source or sink? An assessment of the role of the old red sandstone in the genesis of the Irish Zn-Pb deposits. Economic Geology 98 (2003) 31-50
56. Feltrin L., and Oliver N.H.S. Evidence of multi-stage ore genesis at the century zinc deposit Northwestern Queensland, Australia. In: Barnicoat A.C., and Korsh R.J. (Eds). Pmd*CRC Barossa Conference (2004), Geoscience Australia, Canberra, A.C.T., Adelaide 49-52 Record 2004/09
57. Feltrin L., Oliver N., Chapman L., and Kelso I. Evolution of mineralised breccias at the Century zinc deposit, northwestern Queensland, Australia. In: McPhie J., and McGoldrick P. (Eds). 17th Australian Geological Convention (2004), Geological Society of Australia, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia 75
58. Feltrin, L.,McLellan, J.G.,Oliver, N.H.S., in press. Modelling the giant, Zn-Pb-Ag Century deposit, Queensland, Australia. Computers & Geosciences. doi:10.1016/j.cageo.207.09.002.
59. Ford A., and Blenkinsop T.G. Combining fractal analysis of mineral deposit clustering with weights of evidence to evaluate patterns of mineralization: application to copper deposits of the Mount Isa Inlier, NW Queensland, Australia. Ore Geology Reviews 33 3-4 (2008) 435-450
60. Furman F.C. Thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) in East Tennessee Mississippi valley-type (MVT) jasperoid. Missouri Academy of Science 1994 annual meeting; abstracts of papers presented by the senior and collegiate divisions. Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science (1994) 115
61. Fyfe W.S. Tectonics, fluids and ore deposits: mobilization and remobilization. Ore Geology Reviews 2 (1987) 21-36
62. Garven G. The role of regional fluid flow in the genesis of the Pine Point deposit, western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Economic Geology 80 (1985) 307-324
63. Garven G., and Freeze R.A. Theoretical analysis of the role of groundwater flow in the genesis of stratabound ore deposits. 1. Mathematical and numerical model. American Journal of Science 284 (1984) 1085-1124
64. Garven G., and Freeze R.A. Theoretical analysis of the role of groundwater flow in the genesis of stratabound ore deposits. 2. Quantitative results. American Journal of Science 284 (1984) 1125-1174
65. Giles D., Betts P., and Lister G. Far-field continental backarc setting for the 1.80-1.67 Ga basins of northeastern Australia. Geology 30 (2002) 823-826
66. Giles D., Betts P.G., and Lister G.S. 1.8-1.5-Ga links between the North and South Australian Cratons and the Early-Middle Proterozoic configuration of Australia. Tectonophysics 380 (2004) 27-41
67. Goodfellow W.D. Anoxic stratified oceans as a source of sulphur in sediment-hosted stratiform Zn-Pb deposits (Selwyn Basin, Yukon, Canada). Chemical Geology. Isotope Geoscience section 65 (1987) 359-382
68. Goodfellow W.D., Lydon J.W., and Turner R.J.W. Geology and genesis of stratiform sediment-hosted (SEDEX) zinc-lead-silver sulphide deposits. In: Kirkham R.V., Sinclair W.D., Thorpe R.I., and Duke J.M. (Eds). Mineral deposit modeling (special paper - Geological Association of Canada) (1993), Geological Association of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada 201-251
69. Hand M., and Rubatto D. The scale of the thermal problem in the Mt. Isa Inlier. In: Preiss V.P. (Ed). 16th Australian geological convention (2002), Geological Society of Australia, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia 173
70. Harbaugh J.W., and Bonham-Carter G.F. Computer Simulation in Geology (1970), Wiley, New York 575 pp.
71. Harris D.P., and Pan G. Mineral favorability mapping: a comparison of artificial neural networks, logistic regression, and discriminant analysis. Natural Resources Research 8 (1999) 93-109
72. Heinrich C.A., Walshe J.L., and Harrold B.P. Chemical mass transfer modelling of ore-forming hydrothermal systems: current practise and problems. Ore Geology Reviews 10 (1996) 319-338
73. Hitzman M.W. Extensional faults that localize Irish syndiagenetic Zn-Pb deposits and their reactivation during Variscan compression. In: McCaffrey K.J.W., Lonergan L., and Wilkinson J. (Eds). Fractures, fluid flow and mineralization. Geological Society Special Publications vol. 155 (1999), Geological Society, London 233-245
74. Hutton L.J., and Sweet I.P. Geological evolution, tectonic style, and economic potential of the Lawn Hill Platform cover, Northwest Queensland. BMR Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics 7 (1982) 125-134
75. Jackson S.A., and Beales F.W. An aspect of sedimentary basin evolution: the concentration of Mississippi Valley Type ores during the late stages of diagenesis. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 15 (1967) 393-433
76. Johnson, L.C., 2000. Sedimentological Controls on Ore Genesis, Century Zinc Deposit, Northwest Queensland. Unpublished Honours Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld., 89 pp.
77. Kesler S.E., Reich M., and Jean M. Geochemistry of fluid inclusion brines from Earth's oldest mississippi valley-type (MVT) deposits, Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa. Chemical Geology 237 (2007) 274-288
78. Khain V.Y. The role of rifting in the evolution of the Earth's crust. Tectonophysics 215 (1992) 1-7
79. King, S., 2002. Cross section construction and fault modelling of the northern block, Century zinc mine NW Queensland. Solid Geology Pty Ltd Report (unpublished company report), Brisbane, Australia, 54 pp.
80. Krassay A.A., Domagala J., Bradshaw B.E., and Southgate P.N. Lowstand ramps, fans and deep-water Palaeoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic facies of the Lawn Hill Platform: the term, lawn, wide and doom supersequences of the Isa Superbasin, northern Australia. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 47 (2000) 563-597
81. Large D. The evaluation of sedimentary basins for massive sulfide mineralization. In: Friedrich G.H., and Herzig P.M. (Eds). Base metal sulfide deposits in sedimentary and volcanic environments; proceedings of DMG-GDMB-SGA joint meeting on ore deposits (1988), Springer-Verlag, Berlin 3-11
82. Large R.R., and McGoldrick P.J. Lithogeochemical halos and geochemical vectors to stratiform sediment hosted Zn-Pb-Ag deposits, 1. Lady Loretta Deposit, Queensland. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 63 (1998) 37-56
83. Large R.R., Bull S.W., Cooke D.R., and McGoldrick P.J. A genetic model for the H.Y.C. Deposit, Australia; based on regional sedimentology, geochemistry, and sulfide-sediment relationships. Economic Geology 93 (1998) 1345-1368
84. Large R.R., Bull S.W., and McGoldrick P.J. Lithogeochemical halos and geochemical vectors to stratiform sediment hosted Zn-Pb-Ag deposits; Part 2, HYC Deposit, McArthur River, Northern Territory. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 68 (2000) 105-126
85. Leach D.L., and Sangster D.F. Mississippi valley-type lead-zinc deposits. In: Kirkham R.V., Sinclair W.D., Thorpe R.I., and Duke J.M. (Eds). Mineral Deposit Modeling (1993), Geological Association of Canada 289-314
86. Leach D.L., Dwight B., Lewchuk M.T., Symons D.T.A., de Marsily G., and Brannon J. Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc deposits through geological time: implications from recent age-dating research. Mineralium Deposita 36 (2001) 711-740
87. Leach D.L., Marsh E., Emsbo P., Rombach C.S., Kelley K.D., and Anthony M. Nature of hydrothermal fluids at the shale-hosted red dog Zn-Pb-Ag deposits, Brooks Range, Alaska. Economic Geology 99 (2004) 1449-1480
88. Lee M.J., and Wilkinson J.J. Cementation, hydrothermal alteration, and Zn-Pb Mineralization of carbonate breccias in the Irish Midlands: textural evidence from the Cooleen Zone, Near Silvermines, County Tipperary. Economic Geology 97 (2002) 653-662
89. Lister G.S., O'Dea M.G., and Somaia I. A tale of two synclines: rifting, inversion and transpressional popouts at Lake Julius, northwestern Mt Isa terrane, Queensland. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 46 (1999) 233-250
90. Mair J.L., Ojala V.J., Salier B.P., Groves D.I., and Brown S.M. Application of stress mapping in cross-section to understanding ore geometry, predicting ore zones and development of drilling strategies. In: Groves D.I., and Dunphy J.M. (Eds). Applications of geochronology, geochemistry and GIS to mineral exploration (2000), Geological Society of Australia, Sydney, NSW 895-912
91. Mansell, P., 2005. Annual Report (Unpublished), Zinifex Ltd, Melbourne, Australia, 93 pp.
92. Maynard J.B. Shale-hosted deposits of Pb, Zn, and Ba; syngenetic deposition from exhaled brines in deep marine basins. In: Force E.R., Eidel J.J., and Maynard J.B. (Eds). Sedimentary and diagenetic mineral deposits; a basin analysis approach to exploration. Reviews in Economic Geology vol. 5 (1991), Society of Economic Geologists, Socorro, NM 177-185
93. McLellan J.G., Oliver N.H.S., and Schaubs P.M. Fluid flow in extensional environments; numerical modelling with an application to Hamersley iron ores. Journal of Structural Geology 26 (2004) 1157-1171
94. Miller J.M., and Wilson C.J.L. Stress controls on intrusion-related gold lodes: Wonga Gold Mine, Stawell, Western Lachlan Fold Belt, Southeastern Australia. Economic Geology 99 (2004) 941-963
95. Morganti J.M. Ore deposit models; 4, Sedimentary-type stratiform ore deposits; some models and a new classification. Geoscience Canada 8 2 (1981) 65-75
96. Neudert M.K., and McGeough M. A new tectonostratigraphic framework for the deposition of the upper McArthur Group, N.T. In: Baker T., Rotherham J.F., Richmond J.M., Mark G., and Williams P.J. (Eds). MIC 96, New developments in metallogenic research; the McArthur-Mount Isa-Cloncurry minerals province; extended abstracts (1996), James Cook University of North Queensland, Geology Department, Townsville, Qld., Australia 90-94
97. O'Dea M.G., and Lister G.S. The role of ductility contrast and basement architecture in the structural evolution of the Crystal Creek Block, Mount Isa Inlier, NW Queensland, Australia. Journal of Structural Geology 17 (1995) 949-960
98. O'Dea M.G., Lister G.S., and Kennard J.M. Extensional geometries within the Leichhardt River Fault Trough of the Mount Isa Terrain, NW Queensland, Australia. 13th Australian geological convention (1996), Geological Society of Australia, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia 322
99. O'Dea M.G., Lister G., MacCready T., Betts P.G., Oliver N.H.S., Pound K.S., Huang W., and Valenta R.K. Geodynamic evolution of the Proterozoic Mount Isa terrain. In: Burg J.-P., and Ford M. (Eds). Orogeny Through Time. Geological Society Special Publication vol. 121 (1997) 99-122
100. Oliver N.H.S. Linking of regional and local hydrothermal systems in the mid-crust by shearing and faulting. Tectonophysics 335 (2001) 147-161
101. Oliver N.H.S., Holcombe R.J., Hill E.J., and Pearson P.J. Tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Mary Kathleen fold belt, Northwest Queensland; a reflection of mantle plume processes?. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 38 (1991) 425-455
102. Oliver N.H.S., Ord A., Valenta R.K., and Upton P. Deformation, fluid flow, and ore genesis in heterogeneous rocks, with examples and numerical models from the Mount Isa District, Australia. Reviews in Economic Geology 14 (2001) 51-73
103. Oliver N.H.S., McLellan J.G., Hobbs B.E., Cleverley J.S., Ord A., and Feltrin L. Numerical models of extensional deformation, heat transfer, and fluid flow across basement-cover interfaces during basin-related mineralization. Economic Geology 101 (2006) 1-31
104. Ord A., and Oliver N.H.S. Mechanical controls on fluid flow during regional metamorphism: some numerical models. Journal of Metamorphic Geology 15 (1997) 345-359
105. Ord A., Hobbs B.E., Zhang Y., Broadbent G.C., Brown M., Willetts G., Sorjonen-Ward P., Walshe J.L., and Zhao C. Geodynamic modelling of the Century deposit, Mt Isa Province, Queensland. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 49 (2002) 1011-1039
106. Paganelli F., Richards J.P., and Grunsky E.C. Integration of structural, gravity, and magnetic data using the weights of evidence method as a tool for kimberlite exploration in the Buffalo Head Hills, Northern Central Alberta, Canada. Natural Resources Research 11 (2002) 219-236
107. Page R.W., Jackson M.J., and Krassay A.A. Constraining sequence stratigraphy in North Australian basins; SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology between Mt Isa and McArthur River. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 47 (2000) 431-459
108. Porwal A., Carranza E.J.M., and Hale M. Bayesian network classifiers for mineral potential mapping. Computers & Geosciences 32 (2006) 1-16
109. Raines G.L. Evaluation of weights of evidence to predict epithermal-gold deposits in the Great Basin of the Western United States. Natural Resources Research 8 (1999) 257-276
110. Richards J.R. Lead isotope data on three North Australian galena localities. Mineralium Deposita 10 (1975) 287-301
111. Rona P.A. Hydrothermal mineralization at seafloor spreading centers. Earth-Science Reviews 20 (1984) 1-104
112. Rubenach M.J. Proterozoic low-pressure/high-temperature metamorphism and an anticlockwise P-T-t path for the Hazeldene area, Mt Isa Inlier, Queensland, Australia. Journal of Metamorphic Geology 10 (1992) 333-346
113. Ruffell A.H., Moles N.R., and Parnell J. Characterisation and prediction of sediment-hosted ore deposits using sequence stratigraphy. Ore Geology Reviews 12 (1998) 207-223
114. Saaty T.L. A scaling method for priorities in hierarchical structures. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 15 (1977) 234-281
115. Sangster D.F. The role of dense brines in the formation of vent-distal sedimentary-exhalative (SEDEX) lead-zinc deposits: field and laboratory evidence. Mineralium Deposita 37 (2002) 149-157
116. Scott, D., Tarlowski, C., Page, R., Idnurm, M., Jackson, M.J., Mackenzie, D., Rawlings, D., 1998a. Basement studies in basin analysis; new insights into the evolution of the Lawn Hill Platform. AGSO Research Newsletter 28, 29-32.
117. Scott D.L., Bradshaw B.E., and Tarlowski C.Z. The tectonostratigraphic history of the Proterozoic Northern Lawn Hill Platform, Australia: an integrated intracontinental basin analysis. Tectonophysics 300 (1998) 329-358
118. Scott D.L., Rawlings D.J., Page R.W., Tarlowski C.Z., Idnurm M., Jackson M.J., and Southgate P.N. Basement framework and geodynamic evolution of the Palaeoproterozoic superbasins of north-central Australia: an integrated review of geochemical, geochronological and geophysical data. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 47 (2000) 341-380
119. Sibson R.H. A note on fault reactivation. Journal of Structural Geology 7 (1985) 751-754
120. Sibson R.H., and Scott J. Stress/fault controls on the containment and release of overpressured fluids: examples from gold-quartz vein systems in Juneau, Alaska; Victoria, Australia and Otago, New Zealand. Ore Geology Reviews 13 (1998) 293-306
121. Sicree A.A., and Barnes H.L. Upper Mississippi Valley district ore fluid model; the role of organic complexes. Ore Geology Reviews 11 (1996) 105-131
122. Simoneit B.R.T., and Lonsdale P.F. Hydrothermal petroleum in mineralized mounds at the seabed of Guaymas Basin. Nature 295 (1982) 198-202
123. Singer D.A., and Kouda R. Application of a feedforward neural network in the search for kuroko deposits in the Hokuroku District, Japan. Mathematical Geology 28 (1996) 1017-1023
124. Snedecor G.W., and Cochran W.G. Statistical Methods. 6th edition (1967), Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa 593 pp.
125. Solomon M., and Groves D.I. The Geology and Origin of Australia's Mineral Deposits (1994), Oxford University Press, New York 951 pp.
126. Southgate P.N. Carpentaria - Mt Isa Zinc Belt: basement framework, chronostratigraphy and geodynamic evolution of Proterozoic successions. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 47 (2000) 337-340
127. Southgate P.N., Bradshaw B.E., Domagala J., Jackson M.J., Idnurm M., Krassay A.A., Page R.W., Sami T.T., Scott D.L., Lindsay J.F., McConachie B.A., and Tarlowski C.Z. Chronostratigraphic basin framework for Palaeoproterozoic rocks (1730-1575 Ma) in northern Australia and implications for base-metal mineralisation. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 47 3 (2000) 461-483
128. Southgate P.N., Scott D.L., Sami T.T., Domagala J., Jackson M.J., James N.P., and Kyser T.K. Basin shape and sediment architecture in the Gun Supersequence; a strike-slip model for Pb-Zn-Ag ore genesis at Mt Isa. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 47 (2000) 509-531
129. Spiegelhalter D.J. Uncertainty in expert systems. In: Gale W.A. (Ed). Artificial intelligence and statistics (1986), Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts 17-55
130. Stanton R.L. Ore Petrology (1972), McGraw-Hill, New York 713 pp.
131. Thiart C., Bonham-Carter G.F., and Agterberg F.P. Conditional independence in weights-of-evidence: application of an improved test. IAMG Annual Conference, Portsmouth, U.K., CD-ROM (2003)
132. Tornos F., and Heinrich C.A. Shale basins, sulfur-deficient ore brines and the formation of exhalative base metal deposits. Chemical Geology 247 (2008) 195-207
133. Turner R.J.W. Formation of Phanerozoic stratiform sediment-hosted zinc-lead deposits: evidence for the critical role of ocean anoxia. Chemical Geology 99 (1992) 165-188
134. Voogd H. Multicriteria Evaluation for Urban and Regional Planning (1983), Pion, Ltd., London 370 pp.
135. Walker P.A., and Lev J. Statistical Inference (1953), Holt, Rinehart and Winstone, New York 510 pp.
136. Waltho A.E., and Andrews S.J. The Century zinc-lead deposit, Northwest Queensland. In: Duncan I.J. (Ed). The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy; Centenary Conference (1993), Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Parkville, Vic., Australia 41-61
137. Wellman P. Structure of the Mount Isa region inferred from gravity and magnetic anomalies. In: Stewart A.J., and Blake D.H. (Eds). Detailed Studies of the Mount Isa Inlier. Australian Geological Survey Organisation Bulletin vol. 243 (1992) 15-27
138. Wilkinson, J.J., Earls, G., 2000. A high-temperature hydrothermal origin for black dolomite matrix breccias in the Irish Zn-Pb orefield. Mineralogical Magazine 64, 1017-1036.
139. Wilkinson J.J., Everett C.E., Boyce A.J., Gleeson S.A., and Rye D.M. Intracratonic crustal seawater circulation and the genesis of subseafloor zinc-lead mineralization in the Irish orefield. Geology 33 (2005) 805-808
140. Wilkinson J.J., Eyre S.L., and Boyce A.J. Ore-forming processes in Irish-type carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb deposits: evidence from mineralogy, chemistry, and isotopic composition of sulfides at the Lisheen Mine. Economic Geology 100 (2005) 63-86
141. Wolf K.H. Artificial intelligence (AI) and expert systems (ES). Ore Geology Reviews 9 (1994) 241-243
142. Wyborn L.A.I., Page R.W., and McCulloch M.T. Petrology, geochronology and isotope geochemistry of the post-1820 Ma granites of the Mount Isa Inlier: mechanisms for the generation of Proterozoic anorogenic granites. Precambrian Research 40-41 (1988) 509-541
143. Yager R.R. On ordered weighted averaging aggregation operators in multicriteria decision making. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics 18 (1988) 183-190
144. Zhao J.X., and McCulloch M.T. Geochemical and Nd isotopic systematics of granites from the Arunta Inlier, central Australia: implications for Proterozoic crustal evolution. Precambrian Research 71 (1995) 265-299
145. Zierenberg R.A., Fouquet Y., Miller D.J., Bahr J.M., Baker P.A., Bjerkgård T., Brunner C.A., Duckworth R.C., Gable R., Gieskes J., Goodfellow W.D., Gröschel-Becker H.M., Guèrin G., Ishibashi J., Iturrino G., James R.H., Lackschewitz K.S., Marquez L.L., Nehlig P., Peter J.M., Rigsby C.A., Schultheiss P., Shanks W.C., Simoneit B.R.T., Summit M., Teagle D.A.H., Urbat M., and Zuffa G.G. The deep structure of a sea-floor hydrothermal deposit. Nature 392 (1998) 485-488