Gaze behavior of older adults during rapid balance-recovery reactions

Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences

Volumn 63, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 885-891

  Zettel, John L ^a,b,c,g   McIlroy, William E ^a,e,f   Maki, Brian E ^a,b,c,d,f  

^a SUNNYBROOK RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Canada)

^b Institute of Medical Science   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^d UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^e UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

^f TORONTO REHABILITATION INSTITUTE   (Canada)

^g UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH   (Canada)

Author keywords

Aging; Balance; Environmental constraints; Eye movements; Postural control; Saccades; Stepping; Triggered reactions; Vision; Visual attention

Indexed keywords

AGED; AGING; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; BODY EQUILIBRIUM; BODY MOVEMENT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPTH PERCEPTION; EYE MOVEMENT; FEMALE; FOOT; GAZE; HEAD MOVEMENT; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VISION;

EID: 53349122286     PISSN: 10795006     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/63.8.885     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Maki BE, McIlroy WE. Change-in-support balance reactions in older persons: an emerging research area of clinical importance. In: Furman JM, Whitney SL, eds. Neurologic Clinics. Vol 23. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2005:751-783.
2. Luchies CW, Alexander NB, Schultz AB, Ashton-Miller J. Stepping responses of young and old adults to postural disturbances: kinematics. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1994;42:506-512.
3. McIlroy WE, Maki BE. Age-related changes in compensatory stepping in response to unpredictable perturbations. J Gerontol Med Sci. 1996;51A:M289-M296.
4. Rogers MW, Hain TC, Hanke TA, Janssen I. Stimulus parameters and inertial load: effects on the incidence of protective stepping responses in healthy human subjects. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1996;77:363-368.
5. Thelen DG, Wojcik LA, Schultz AB, Ashton-Miller JA, Alexander NB. Age differences in using a rapid step to regain balance during a forward fall. J Gerontol Med Sci. 1997;52A:M8-M13.
6. Pai YC, Rogers MW, Patton J, Cain TD, Hanke TA. Static versus dynamic predictions of protective stepping following waist-pull perturbations in young and older adults. J Biomech. 1998;31:1111-1118.
7. Jensen JL, Brown LA, Woollacott MH. Compensatory stepping: the biomechanics of a preferred response among older adults. Exp Aging Res. 2001;27:361-376.
8. Brauer SG, Woollacott M, Shumway-Cook A. The influence of a concurrent cognitive task on the compensatory stepping response to a perturbation in balance-impaired and healthy elders. Gait Posture. 2002;15:83-93.
9. Mille ML, Johnson ME, Martinez KM, Rogers MW. Age-dependent differences in lateral balance recovery through protective stepping. Clin Biomech. 2005;20:607-616.
10. Schultz BW, Ashton-Miller JA, Alexander NB. Compensatory stepping in response to waist pulls in balance-impaired and unimpaired women. Gait Posture. 2005;22:198-209.
11. Hollands MA, Marple-Horvat DE, Henkes S, Rowan AK. Human eye movements during visually guided stepping. J Mot Behav. 1995;27:155-163.
12. Patla AE, Adkin A, Martin C, Holden R, Prentice S. Characteristics of voluntary visual sampling of the environment for safe locomotion over different terrains. Exp Brain Res. 1996;112:513-522.
13. Di Fabio RP, Zampieri C, Greany JF. Aging and saccade-stepping interactions in humans. Neurosci Lett. 2003;339:179-182.
14. Chapman GJ, Hollands MA. Evidence for a link between changes to gaze behaviour and risk of falling in older adults during adaptive locomotion. Gait Posture. 2006;24:288-294.
15. Chapman GJ, Hollands MA. Age-related difference in stepping performance during step cycle-related removal of visual information. Exp Brain Res. 2006;174:613-621.
16. Zettel JL, McIlroy WE, Maki BE. Visual behavior governing rapid stepping reactions evoked in the presence of dynamic and unpredictable obstacles. Gait Posture. 2005;21(Suppl 1):S21.
17. Sekuler AB, Bennett PJ. Effects of aging on the useful field of view. Exp Aging Res. 2000;26:103-120.
18. Lustig C, Hasher L, May CP. Working memory span and the role of proactive interference. J Exp Psychol Gen. 2001;130:199-207.
19. Zettel JL, Holbeche A, McIlroy WE, Maki BE. Redirection of gaze and switching of attention during rapid stepping reactions evoked by unpredictable postural perturbation. Exp Brain Res. 2005;165:392-401.
20. Maki BE, McIlroy WE, Fernie GR. Change-in-support reactions for balance recovery: control mechanisms, age-related changes and implications for fall prevention. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag. 2003;22:20-26.
21. McIlroy WE, Maki BE. Preferred placement of the feet during quiet stance: development of a standardized foot placement for balance testing. Clin Biomech. 1997;12:66-70.
22. McIlroy WE, Norrie RG, Brooke JD, Maki BE. Continuous tracking tasks reveal the time course of attentional demands during balancing reactions. Gait Posture. 1999;9:S11.
23. Maki BE, Norrie RG, Zecevic A, et al. Initiation and execution of rapid postural reactions and stepping movements: which phases require visuospatial attention? In: Duysens J, Smits-Engelsman BCM, Kingma H, eds. Control of Posture and Gait. Maastricht, The Netherlands: International Society for Postural and Gait Research; 2001:573-576.
24. Maki BE, Zecevic A, Bateni H, Kirshenbaum N, McIlroy WE. Cognitive demands of executing rapid postural reactions: does aging impede attentional switching? NeuroReport. 2001;12:3583-3587.
25. Norrie RG, Maki BE, Staines WR, McIlroy WE. The time course of attention shifts following perturbation of upright stance. Exp Brain Res. 2002;146:315-321.
26. Conover WJ, Iman RL. Rank transformations as a bridge between parametric and nonparametric statistics. Am Stat. 1981;35:124-133.
27. Ghafouri M, McIlroy WE, Maki BE. Initiation of rapid reach-and-grasp balance reactions: is a pre-formed visuospatial map used in controlling the initial arm trajectory? Exp Brain Res. 2004;155:532-536.
28. Hunter MC, Hoffman MA. Postural control: visual and cognitive manipulations. Gait Posture. 2001;13:41-48.
29. Nashner LM. Strategies for organization of human posture. In: Igarashi M, Black FO, eds. Vestibular and Visual Control on Posture and Locomotor Equilibrium. Basel, Switzerland: Karger; 1985:1-8.
30. Keshner EA, Chen KJ. Mechanisms controlling head stabilization in the elderly during random rotations in the vertical plane. J Mot Behav. 1996;28:324-336.
31. Berthoz A, Pozzo T. Intermittent head stabilization during postural and locomotory tasks in humans. In: Amblard B, Berthoz A, Clarac A, eds. Posture and Gait: Development, Adaptation and Modulation. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier; 1988:189-198.
32. Paquette C, Paquet N, Fung J. Aging affects coordination of rapid head motions with trunk and pelvis movements during standing and walking. Gait Posture. 2006;24:62-69.
33. Brandt TH, Dichgans J, Koenig E. Differential effects of central versus peripheral vision on egocentric and exocentric motion perception. Exp Brain Res. 1973;16:476-491.
34. Henriques DY, Klier EM, Smith MA, Lowy D, Crawford JD. Gaze-centered remapping of remembered visual space in an open-loop pointing task. J Neurosci. 1998;18:1583-1594.
35. Admiraal MA, Keijsers NL, Gielen CC. Gaze affects pointing toward remembered visual targets after a self-initiated step. J Neurophysiol. 2004;92:2380-2389.
36. Moschner C, Baloh RW. Age-related changes in visual tracking. J Gerontol. 1994;49:M235-M238.
37. Munoz DP, Broughton JR, Goldring JE, Armstrong IT. Age-related performance of human subjects on saccadic eye movement tasks. Exp Brain Res. 1998;121:391-400.
38. Pratt J, Dodd M, Welsh T. Growing older does not always mean moving slower: examining aging and the saccadic motor system. J Mot Behav. 2006;38:373-382.
39. Paquette C, Fung J. Temporal facilitation of gaze in the presence of postural reactions triggered by sudden surface perturbations. Neuroscience. 2007;145:505-519.
40. Zettel JL, Scovil CY, McIlroy WE, Maki BE. Gaze behavior governing balance recovery in an unfamiliar and complex environment. Neurosci Lett. 2007;422:207-212.