Oral zinc for treating diarrhoea in children

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Volumn , Issue 3, 2008, Pages

  Lazzerini, Marzia ^a   Ronfani, Luca ^b  

^a WHO Collaborating Centre for Maternal and Child Health   (Italy)

^b INSTITUTE FOR MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH IRCCS BURLO GAROFOLO   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLUCONATE ZINC; PLACEBO; ZINC; ZINC ACETATE; ZINC SULFATE;

ACUTE DIARRHEA; CHILDHOOD MORTALITY; CHRONIC DIARRHEA; CINAHL; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; COPPER DEFICIENCY; DATA ANALYSIS; DATA EXTRACTION; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; DIARRHEA; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DISEASE DURATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG FORMULATION; DYSENTERY; EMBASE; EPIGASTRIC PAIN; FATIGUE; HUMAN; IRON THERAPY; LETHARGY; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MEDLINE; META ANALYSIS; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VOMITING; ZINC DEFICIENCY;

EID: 53349088086     PISSN: 1469493X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005436.pub2     Document Type: Review

References (141)

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6. Brooks 2005a (20 mg) {published data only} See Brooks 2005a.
7. Brooks 2005a (5 mg) {published data only} See Brooks 2005a.
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32. Adu Afarwuah 2007 {published data only} Adu-Afarwuah S, Lartey A, Brown KH, Zlotkin S, Briend A, Dewey KG. Randomized comparison of 3 types of micronutrient supplements for home fortification of complementary foods in Ghana: Effects on growth andmotor development. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007;86(2):412-20.
33. Agustina 2007 {published data only} Agustina R, Lukito W, Firmansyah A, Suhardjo HN, Murniati D, Bindels J. The effect of early nutritional supplementation with a mixture of probiotic,prebiotic, fiber and micronutrients in infants with acute diarrhea in Indonesia. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007;16(3):435-42.
34. Alarcon 2004 {published data only} Alarcon K, Kolsteren PW, Prada AM, Chian AM, Velarde RE, Pecho IL, et al.Effects of separate delivery of zinc or zinc and vitamin A on hemoglobin response, growth, and diarrhea in young Peruvian children receiving iron therapy for anemia. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2004;80(5):1276-82.
35. Awasthi 2006 {published data only} Awasthi S, INCLEN Childnet Zinc Effectiveness for Diarrhea (ICZED) Group. Zinc supplementation in acute diarrhea is acceptable, does not interfere with oral rehydration, and reduces the use of other medications: a randomized trial in five countries. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2006;42(3): 300-5.
36. Bahl 2002 {published data only} Bahl R, Bhandari N, Saksena M, Strand T, Kumar GT, Bhan MK, et al.Efficacy of zinc-fortified oral rehydration solution in 6- to 35-month-old children with acute diarrhea. Journal of Pediatrics 2002;141(5):677-82.
37. Baqui 2002 {published data only} * Baqui AH, Black RE, El Arifeen S, Yunus M, Chakraborty J, Ahmed S, et al.Effect of zinc supplementation started during diarrhoea on morbidity and mortality in Bangladeshi children: community randomised trial. BMJ 2002;325(7372):1059-64.
38. Baqui AH, Black RE, El Arifeen S, Yunus M, Zaman K, Begum N, et al.Zinc therapy for diarrhoea increased the use of oral rehydration therapy and reduced the use of antibiotics in Bangladeshi children. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition 2004;22(4):440-2.
39. Baqui 2003 {published data only} Baqui AH, Zaman K, Persson LA, El Arifeen S, Yunus M, Begum N, et al.Simultaneous weekly supplementation of iron and zinc is associated with lower morbidity due to diarrhea and acute lower respiratory infection in Bangladeshi infants. Journal of Nutrition 2003;133(12):4150-7.
40. Baqui 2006 {published data only} Baqui AH, Black RE, Fischer Walker CL, Arifeen S, Zaman K, Yunus M, et al.Zinc supplementation and serum zinc during diarrhea. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 2006;73(6):493-7.
41. Behrens 1990 {published data only} Behrens RH, Tomkins AM, Roy SK. Zinc supplementation during diarrhoea, a fortification against malnutrition?. Lancet 1990;336(8712):442-3.
42. Bhandari 2002 {published data only} Bhandari N, Bahl R, Taneja S, Strand T, Molbak K, Ulvik RJ, et al.Substantial reduction in severe diarrheal morbidity by daily zinc supplementation in young north Indian children. Pediatrics 2002;109(6):e86.
43. Bhandari 2005 {published data only} Bhandari N, Mazumder S, Taneja S, Dube B, Black RE, Fontaine O, et al.A pilot test of the addition of zinc to the current case management package of diarrhea in a primary health care setting. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2005;41(5):685-7.
44. Bhandari 2007 {published data only} Bhandari N, Taneja S, Mazumder S, Bahl R, Fontaine O, Bhan MK. Adding zinc to supplemental iron and folic acid does not affect mortality and severe morbidity in young children. Journal of Nutrition 2007;137(1):112-7.
45. Bhatnagar 2004b {published data only} Bhatnagar S, Natchu UC. Zinc in child health and disease. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 2004;71(11):991-5.
46. Bhutta 2000a {published data only} Bhutta ZA, Raza F, Nizami SQ, Issani Z. Does zinc supplementation influence appetite inmalnourished children with persistent diarrhoea? A randomized controlled trial in Pakistan. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2000;31 Suppl 2:23.
47. Black 2001 {published data only} Black RE, Sazawal S. Zinc and childhood infectious disease morbidity and mortality. British Journal of Nutrition 2001;85 Suppl 2:125-9.
48. Bobat 2005 {published data only} Bobat R, Coovadia H, Stephen C, Naidoo KL, McKerrow N, Black RE, et al.Safety and efficacy of zinc supplementation for children with HIV-1 infection in South Africa: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2005;366(9500):1862- 7.
49. Borges 2007 {published data only} Borges Dantas CV, Veiga Black AP, Barroso dos Santos G, Jesus Oliveira EF, Serpa Barbosa RF, Moreira S, et al.Association among serum concentration of minerals, anthropometric indices and diarrhea in low-income children in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil [Associação entre concentrações séricas de minerais, índices antropométricos e ocorrência de diarréia entre crianças de baixa renda da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro]. Revista de Nutricao 2007;20(2):159-69.
50. Brooks 2005b {published data only} Brooks WA, Santosham M, Naheed A, Goswami D, Wahed MA, Diener-West M, et al.Effect of weekly zinc supplements on incidence of pneumonia and diarrhoea in children younger than 2 years in an urban, low-income population in Bangladesh: randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005;366(9490):999-1004.
51. Brown 2007 {published data only} Brown KH, de Romana DL, Arsenault JE, Peerson JM, Penny ME. Comparison of the effects of zinc delivered in a fortified food or a liquid supplement on the growth morbidity and plasma zinc concentrations of young Peruvian children. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007;85(2):538-47.
52. Carbajal 2000 {published data only} Carbajal C. Micronutrients: An option in the treatment of acute diarrheal diseases [Micronutrientes: una opción en el tratamiento de las enfermedades diarreicas agudas]. Revista Cubana de Pediatría 2000;72(4):261-6.
53. Carcamo 2006 {published data only} Carcamo C, Hooton T, Weiss NS, Gilman R, Wener MH, Chavez V, et al.Randomized controlled trial of zinc supplementation for persistent diarrhea in adults with HIV-1 infection. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2006;43(2):197- 201.
54. Doherty 1998 {published data only} Doherty CP, Sarkar MA, Shakur MS, Ling SC, Elton RA, Cutting WA. Zinc and rehabilitation from severe protein-energy malnutrition: higher-dose regimens are associated with increased mortality. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1998;68(3):742- 8.
55. Ebrahimi 2006 {published data only} Ebrahimi S, Pormahmodi A, Kamkar A. Study of zinc supplementation on growth of schoolchildren in Yasuj, Southwest of Iran. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 2006;5(4):341-2.
56. Ellis 2007 {published data only} Ellis AA, Winch P, Daou Z, Gilroy KE, Swedberg E. Home management of childhood diarrhoea in southern Mali-Implications for the introduction of zinc treatment. Social Science & Medicine 2007;64(3):701-12.
57. Gardner 2005 {published data only} Gardner JM, Powell CA, Baker-Henningham H, Walker SP, Cole TJ, Grantham-McGregor SM. Zinc supplementation and psychosocial stimulation: effects on the development of undernourished Jamaican children. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2005;82(2):399-405.
58. Garenne 2007 {published data only} Garenne M, Becher H, Ye Y, Kouyate B, Muller O. Sex-specific responses to zinc supplementation in Nouna, Burkina Faso. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2007;44(5):619-28.
59. Gregorio 2007 {published data only} Gregorio GV, Dans LF, Cordero CP, Panelo CA. Zinc supplementation reduced cost and duration of acute diarrhea in children. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2007;60(6):560-6.
60. Gupta 2003 {published data only} Gupta DN, Mondal SK, Ghosh S, Rajendran K, Sur D, Manna B. Impact of zinc supplementation on diarrhoeal morbidity in rural children of West Bengal, India. Acta Paediatrica 2003;92(5):531-6.
61. Gupta 2007 {published data only} Gupta DN, Rajendran K, Mondal SK, Ghosh S, Bhattacharya SK. Operational feasibility of implementing community-based zinc supplementation: impact on childhood diarrheal morbidity. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 2007;26(4):306-10.
62. Heinig 2006 {published data only} Heinig MJ, Brown KH, Lonnerdal B, Dewey KG. Zinc supplementation does not affect growth morbidity ormotor development of US term breastfed infants at 4-10 mo of age. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2006;84(3):594-601.
63. Hidayat 1998 {published data only} Hidayat A, Achadi A, Sunoto, Soedarmo SP. The effect of zinc supplementation in children under three years of age with acute diarrhea in Indonesia. Medical Journal of Indonesia 1998;7:23741.
64. Hoque 2006 {published data only} Hoque KM, Binder HJ. Zinc in the treatment of acute diarrhea: current status and assessment. Gastroenterology 2006;130(1):2201-5.
65. Jimenez 2000 {published data only} Jimenez R, Sagaro E, Lafita Y. How growth infants supplemented with zinc sulfate after an episode of persistent diarrhea. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2000;31 Suppl 2:26.
66. Kelly 1999 {published data only} Kelly P, Musonda R, Kafwembe E, Kaetano L, Keane E, Farthing M. Micronutrient supplementation in the AIDS diarrhoea-wasting syndrome in Zambia: a randomized controlled trial. AIDS 1999;13(4):495-500.
67. Lind 2004 {published data only} Lind T, Lonnerdal B, Stenlund H, Gamayanti IL, Ismail D, Seswandhana R, et al.A community-based randomized controlled trial of iron and zinc supplementation in Indonesian infants: effects on growth and development. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2004;80(3):729-36.
68. Lira 1998 {published data only} Lira PI, Ashworth A, Morris SS. Effect of zinc supplementation on the morbidity, immune function, and growth of low-birth-weight, full-term infants in northeast Brazil. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1998;68 2 Suppl:418-24.
69. Long 2006 {published data only} Long KZ, Montoya Y, Hertzmark E, Santos JI, Rosado JL. A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial of the effect of vitamin A and zinc supplementation on diarrheal disease and respiratory tract infections in children in Mexico City, Mexico. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2006;83(3):693-700.
70. Lopez 2005 {published data only} Lopez de Romana G, Cusirramos S, Lopez de Romana D, Gross R. Efficacy of multiple micronutrient supplementation for improving anemia, micronutrient status, growth, and morbidity of Peruvian infants. Journal of Nutrition 2005;135(3): 646-52.
71. Luabeya 2007 {published data only} Luabeya KK, Mpontshane N, Mackay M, Ward H, Elson I, Chhagan M, et al.Zinc or multiple micronutrient supplementation to reduce diarrhea and respiratory disease in South African children: a randomized controlled trial. PLoS ONE 2007;2(6):e541.
72. Makonnen 2003a {published data only} Makonnen B, Venter A, Joubert G. A randomized controlled study of the impact of dietary zinc supplementation in the management of children with protein-energy malnutrition in Lesotho. I: Mortality and morbidity. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 2003;49(6):340-52.
73. Makonnen 2003b {published data only} Makonnen B, Venter A, Joubert G. A randomized controlled study of the impact of dietary zinc supplementation in the management of children with protein-energy malnutrition in Lesotho. II: Special investigations. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 2003;49(6):353-60.
74. Meeks 1998 {published data only} Meeks Gardner J, Witter MM, Ramdath DD. Zinc supplementation: effects on the growth and morbidity of undernourished Jamaican children. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1998;52(1):34-9.
75. Müller 2001 {published data only} Müller O, Becher H, van Zweeden AB, Ye Y, Diallo DA, Konate AT, et al.Effect of zinc supplementation on malaria and other causes of morbidity in west African children: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. BMJ 2001;322(7302):1567.
76. Nasrin 2005 {published data only} Nasrin D, Larson CP, Sultana S, Khan TU. Acceptability of and adherence to dispersible zinc tablet in the treatment of acute childhood diarrhoea. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition 2005;23(3):215-21.
77. Osendarp 2002 {published data only} Osendarp SJ, Santosham M, Black RE, Wahed MA, van Raaij JM, Fuchs GJ. Effect of zinc supplementation between 1 and 6 mo of life on growth and morbidity of Bangladeshi infants in urban slums. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2002;76(6): 1401-8.
78. Patel 2005 {published data only} Patel AB, Dhande LA, Rawat MS. Therapeutic evaluation of zinc and copper supplementation in acute diarrhea in children: double blind randomized trial. Indian Pediatrics 2005;42(5):433-42.
79. Penny 2004a {published data only} Penny ME, Marin RM, Duran A, Peerson JM, Lanata CF, Lonnerdal B, et al.Randomized controlled trial of the effect of daily supplementation with zinc or multiple micronutrients on the morbidity, growth, and micronutrient status of young Peruvian children. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2004;79(3):457-65.
80. Penny 2004b {published data only} Penny ME, Black RE, Brown KH, Lönnerdal B. Reply to RJ Walden [Letter to the Editor]. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2004;80(4):1084-5.
81. Polat 2006 {published data only} Polat TB, Uysalol M, Cetinkaya F. Impact of zinc supplementation in children with acute diarrhoea in Turkey. Archives of Disease in Childhood 2006;91(4):296-9.
82. Rahman 2001 {published data only} Rahman MM, Vermund SH, Wahed MA, Fuchs GJ, Baqui AH, Alvarez JO. Simultaneous zinc and vitamin A supplementation in Bangladeshi children: randomised double blind controlled trial. BMJ 2001;323(7308):314-8.
83. Rahman 2005 {published data only} Rahman MJ, Sarker P, Roy SK, Ahmad SM, Chisti J, Azim T, et al.Effects of zinc supplementation as adjunct therapy on the systemic immune responses in shigellosis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2005;81(2):495-502.
84. Raqib 2004 {published data only} Raqib R, Roy SK, Rahman MJ, Azim T, Ameer SS, Chisti J, et al.Effect of zinc supplementation on immune and inflammatory responses in pediatric patients with shigellosis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2004;79(3):444-50.
85. Richard 2006 {published data only} Richard SA, Zavaleta N, Caulfield LE, Black RE, Witzig RS, Shankar AH. Zinc and iron supplementation and malaria, diarrhea, and respiratory infections in children in the Peruvian Amazon. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2006;75(1):126-32.
86. Rosado 1997 {published data only} Rosado JL, Lopez P, Munoz E, Martinez H, Allen LH. Zinc supplementation reduced morbidity, but neither zinc nor iron supplementation affected growth or body composition of Mexican preschoolers. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1997;65(1): 13-9.
87. Rosado 1998 {published data only} Rosado JL. Zinc deficiency and its functional implications [Deficiencia de zinc y sus implicaciones funcionales]. Salud Pública de México 1998;40(2):181-8.
88. Roy 1992 {published data only} Roy SK, Akramuzzaman SM, Haider R, Mahalanabis D, Behrens RH, Wahed MA, et al.Zinc supplementation in diarrhoea: Nutritional implication on clinical recovery and intestinal permeability [Abstract]. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 1994;9(6):A166.
89. * Roy SK, Behrens RH, Haider R, Akramuzzaman SM, Mahalanabis D, Wahed MA, et al.Impact of zinc supplementation on intestinal permeability in Bangladeshi children with acute diarrhoea and persistent diarrhoea syndrome. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 1992;15(3): 289-96.
90. Roy 1999 {published data only} Roy SK, Tomkins AM, Haider R, Behren RH, Akramuzzaman SM, Mahalanabis D, et al.Impact of zinc supplementation on subsequent growth and morbidity in Bangladeshi children with acute diarrhoea. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1999;53(7):529-34.
91. Roy 2007b {published data only} Roy SK, Tomkins AM, Akramuzzaman SM, Chakraborty B, Ara G, Biswas R, et al.Impact of zinc supplementation on subsequent morbidity and growth in Bangladeshi children with persistent diarrhoea. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition 2007;25(1):67-74.
92. Roy 2007c {published data only} Roy SK, Hossain MJ, Khatun W, Chakraborty B, Chowdhury S, Begum A, et al.Zinc supplementation in children with cholera in Bangladesh: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2008;336(7638):266-8.
93. Ruel 1997 {published data only} Ruel MT, Rivera JA, Santizo MC, Lonnerdal B, Brown KH. Impact of zinc supplementation on morbidity from diarrhea and respiratory infections among rural Guatemalan children. Pediatrics 1997;99(6):808-13.
94. Sabatier 1997 {published data only} Sabatier García FJ, Izquierdo Estévez A, León García RE, Díaz Fernández L. Benefits of zinc in the treatment of infants presenting with diarrhea [Beneficios del cinc en el tratamiento de niños con diarrea]. Revista Cubana de Pediatría 1997;69(3/4):197-200.
95. Samuel 1995 {published data only} Samuel MJ. Paediatrics Forum. Acute diarrhoea. Africa Health 1995;17(5):27, 29-30.
96. Sazawal 1996 {published data only} Sazawal S, Black RE, Bhan MK, Jalla S, Bhandari N, Sinha A, et al.Zinc supplementation reduces the incidence of persistent diarrhea and dysentery among low socio-economic children in India. Journal of Nutrition 1996;126(2):443-50.
97. Sazawal 1997a {published data only} Sazawal S, Black RE, Bhan MK, Jalla S, Sinha A, Bhandari N. Efficacy of zinc supplementation in reducing the incidence and prevalence of acute diarrhea - a community-based, double-blind, controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1997;66(2):413-8.
98. Sazawal 2004a {published data only} Sazawal S, Marwah D, Sazawal S, Black RE, Deb S, Dhingra U, et al.Efficacy of zinc and iron fortification of milk in prevention of anemia, diarrhea pneumonia, and iron deficiency- a community based double masked randomized trial. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2004;39 Suppl 1:417-8.
99. Sazawal 2007a {published data only} Sazawal S, Dhingra U, Dhingra P, Hiremath G, Kumar J, Sarkar A, et al.Effects of fortified milk on morbidity in young children in north India: community based randomised double masked placebo controlled trial. BMJ 2007;334(7585):140.
100. Sazawal 2007b {published data only} Sazawal S, Dhingra U, Deb S, Bhan MK, Menon VP, Black RE. Effect of zinc added to multi-vitamin supplementation containing low-dose vitamin A on plasma retinol level in children - a double-blind randomized, controlled trial. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition 2007;25(1):62-6.
101. Sazawal 2007c {published data only} Sazawal S, Black RE, Ramsan M, Chwaya HM, Dutta A, Dhingra U, et al.Effect of zinc supplementation on mortality in children aged 1-48 months: a community-based randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2007;369(9565):927-34.
102. Shamir 2005 {published data only} Shamir R, Makhoul IR, Etzioni A, Shehadeh N. Evaluation of a diet containing probiotics and zinc for the treatment of mild diarrheal illness in children younger than one year of age. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2005;24(5):370- 5.
103. Shankar 1998 {published data only} Shankar AH, Prasad AS. Zinc and immune function: the biological basis of altered resistance to infection. American Journal Clinical Nutrition 1998;68 Suppl 2:447-63.
104. Sharieff 2006 {published data only} Sharieff W, Bhutta Z, Schauer C, Tomlinson G, Zlotkin S. Micronutrients (including zinc) reduce diarrhoea in children: the Pakistan Sprinkles Diarrhoea Study. Archives of Disease in Childhood 2006;91(7):573-9.
105. Sur 2003 {published data only} Sur D, Gupta DN, Mondal SK, Ghosh S, Manna B, Rajendran K, et al.Impact of zinc supplementation on diarrheal morbidity and growth pattern of low birth weight infants in Kolkata, India: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, community-based study. Pediatrics 2003;112(6 Pt 1):1327-32.
106. Tielsch 2006 {published data only} Tielsch JM, Khatry SK, Stoltzfus RJ, Katz J, LeClerq SC, Adhikari R, et al.Effect of routine prophylactic supplementation with iron and folic acid on preschool child mortality in southern Nepal: community-based, cluster-randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2006;367(9505):144-52.
107. Tielsch 2007 {published data only} Tielsch JM, Khatry SK, Stoltzfus RJ, Katz J, LeClerq SC, Adhikari R, et al.Effect of daily zinc supplementation on child mortality in southern Nepal: a community-based, cluster randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2007;370(9594):1230- 9.
108. Umeta 2000 {published data only} Umeta M, West CE, Haidar J, Deurenberg P, Hautvast JG. Zinc supplementation and stunted infants in Ethiopia: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2000;355(9220): 2021-6.
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