The illusion of isolation: The Gullah/Geechees and the political economy of African culture in the Americas

Comparative Studies in Society and History

Volumn 50, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 949-980

  Matory, J Lorand ^a  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCULTURATION; CULTURAL HISTORY; CULTURAL IDENTITY; ETHNICITY; LOCAL ADAPTATION; POLITICAL ECONOMY;

NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 53149130981     PISSN: 00104175     EISSN: 14752999     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0010417508000406     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Barth, Fredrik. 1969. "Introduction." In, Fredrik Barth, ed., Ethnic Groups and Boundaries. Boston: Little, Brown, and Co., 9-38
2. Bascom, William R. 1941. "Acculturation among the Gullah Negroes." American Anthropologist 43, 1: 43-50.
3. Bastide, Roger. 1971 [1967]. African Civilizations in the New World Peter Green, trans. New York: Harper and Row.
4. Bastide, Roger. 1983. Estudos Afro-Brasileiros. Saão Paulo: Perspectiva.
5. Bolster, W. Jeffrey. 1997. Black Jacks: African American Seamen in the Age of Sail. Cambridge, Mass. and London: Harvard University Press.
6. Carney, Judith A. 2001. Black Rice: The African Origins of Rice Cultivation in the Americas. Cambridge, Mass. and London: Harvard University Press.
7. Chireau, Yvonne P. 2003. Black Magic: Religion and the African American Conjuring Tradition. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press.
8. Cohen, Abner. 1969. Custom and Politics in Africa. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
9. Creel, Margaret Washington. 1988. 'A Peculiar People': Slave Religion and Community-Culture among the Gullahs. New York and London: New York University Press.
10. Curry, Andrew. 2001. "The Gullahs' Last Stand?" U.S. News and World Report 130, 24: 40-41.
11. Domínguez, Virginia R. 1989. People as Subject, People as Object Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
12. Dutarque, John Junior. 1983. Letter in the South-Carolina Gazette, 25 June to 2 July.
13. In, Lathan A. Windley, compiler, Runaway Slave Advertisements: A Documentary History from the 1730s to 1790. Vol. 3. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
14. Ellis, Col. A. B. 1964 [1894]. The Yoruba-Speaking Peoples of the Slave Coast of West Africa. Chicago: Benin Press.
15. Eltis, David, Stephen D. Behrendt, David Richardson, and Herbert S. Klein, eds. 1999. The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade: A Database on CD-Rom. Cambridge, U.K. and New York: Cambridge University Press.
16. Family across the Sea. 1991. Directed by Tim Carrier. Produced by South Carolina Educational Television. San Francisco: California Newsreel.
17. Gaspar, David Barry, and David P. Geggus, eds. 1997. A Turbulent Time: The French Revolution and the Greater Caribbean. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
18. Gomez, Michael A. 1998. Exchanging Our Country Marks: The Transformation of African Identities in the Colonial and Antebellum South. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press.
19. Handler, Richard. 1988. Nationalism and the Politics of Culture in Quebec. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
20. Hannerz, Ulf. 1996. Transnational Connections: Culture, People, Places. London and New York: Routledge.
21. Hargrove, Melissa D. 2005. "Overview and Synthesis of Scholarly Literature." Appendix F, in Low Country Gullah Culture Special Resource Study and Final Environmental Impact Statement by the National Park Service. Atlanta, Ga.: National Park Service Southeast Regional Office, F1-F54.
22. Herskovits, Melville J. 1958 [1941]. The Myth of the Negro Past. Boston: Beacon Press.
23. Hunt, Stephanie. 2007. "Disappearing Dialects." Charleston Magazine Feb.: 140-47.
24. Joyner, Charles. 1985 [1984]. Down by the Riverside: A South Carolina Slave Community. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
25. Joyner, Charles. 2007. "Gullah/Geechee Region Becomes a Cultural Heritage Corridor." Heritage Matters: News of the Nation's Diverse Cultural Heritage, January. Washington, D.C.: National Park Service.
26. The Language You Cry In. 1998. Directed by Alvaro Toepke and Angel Serrano. San Francisco: California Newsreel.
27. Littlefield, Daniel C. 1991 [1981]. Rice and Slaves: Ethnicity and the Slave Trade in Colonial South Carolina. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
28. Long, Carolyn Morrow. 2001. Spiritual Merchants: Religion, Magic, and Commerce. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.
29. Long, Richard A. 2005. "Gullah Culture Special Resource Statement of National Historical and Cultural Significance." In Low Country Gullah Culture Special Resource Study and Final Environmental Impact Statement by the National Park Service. Atlanta, Ga.: National Park Service Southeast Regional Office, 101-3.
30. Matory, J. Lorand. 1999. "The English Professors of Brazil: On the Diasporic Roots of the Yoruba Nation." Comparative Studies in Society and History 41, 1: 72-103.
31. Matory, J. Lorand. 2000. "Surpassing 'Survival': On the Urbanity of 'Traditional Religion' in the Afro-Atlantic World." Black Scholar 30, 3-4: 36-43.
32. Matory, J. Lorand. 2005. Black Atlantic Religion: Tradition, Transnationalism, and Matriarchy in the Afro-Brazilian Candomblé. Princeton and Oxford, U.K.: Princeton University Press.
33. Matory, J. Lorand. 2006. "The 'New World' Surrounds an Ocean: Theorizing the Live Dialogue between African and African American Cultures." In, Kevin A. Yelvington, ed., Afro-Atlantic Dialogues: Anthropology in the Diaspora. Santa Fe, N.M.: School of American Research, and Oxford, U.K.: James Currey, 151-92.
34. Meinig, D.W. 1986. The Shaping of America: A Geographical Perspective on 500 Years of History. New Haven: Yale University Press.
35. Métraux, Alfred. 1972 [1959]. Voodoo in Haiti. 2d ed. New York: Schocken Books.
36. Mintz, Sidney W. and Richard, Price. 1992 [1976]. The Birth of African-American Culture: An Anthropological Perspective. Boston: Beacon Press.
37. Mufwene, Salikoko S. 1991. "Some Reasons Why Gullah Is Not Dying Yet." English World-Wide 12, 2: 215-43.
38. Mufwene, Salikoko S. and Charles, Gilman. 1987. "How African is Gullah, and Why?" American Speech 62, 2: 120-39.
39. National Park Service. 2005. Low Country Gullah Culture Special Resource Study and Final Environmental Impact Statement. Atlanta, Ga.: National Park Service Southeast Regional Office.
40. De Nyew Testament: The New Testament in Gullah Sea Island Creole with Marginal Text of the King James Version. 2005. Sea Island Translation Team in cooperation with Wycliffe Bible Translators, trans. New York: American Bible Society.
41. Opala, Joseph A. N.d. "The Gullah: Rice, Slavery, and the Sierra Leone-American Connection." Online publication by the Gilder-Lehrman Center, Yale University: http://www.yale.edu/glc/Gullah/index/06.htm (accessed 2007).
42. Oxford English Dictionary, Compact Edition. 1971. Complete text reproduced micrographically. New York: Oxford University Press.
43. Philips, John Edward. 1990. "The African Heritage of White America." In, Joseph E. Holloway, ed., Africanisms in American Culture. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 225-39.
44. Pinckney, Roger. 2003 [1998]. Blue Roots: African-American Folk Magic of the Gullah People. 2d ed. Orangeburg, S.C.: Sandlapper Publishing.
45. Pollitzer, William S. 2005a [1999]. The Gullah People and Their African Heritage. Athens and London: University of Georgia Press.
46. Pollitzer, William S. 2005b. "The Gullah People and Their African Heritage." Appendix D, author's synopsis of Pollitzer 2005a, in Low Country Gullah Culture Special Resource Study and Final Environmental Impact Statement. Atlanta, Ga.: National Park Service Southeast Regional Office, D1-D52.
47. Price, Sally and Richard Price. 1999. Maroon Arts: Cultural Vitality in the African Diaspora. Boston: Beacon Press.
48. Puckett, Newbell Niles. 1969 [1926]. Folk Beliefs of the Southern Negro. New York: Dover Press.
49. Reisman, Karl. 1970. "Cultural and Linguistic Ambiguity in a West Indian Village." In, Norman E. Whitten and John F. Szwed, eds., Afro-American Anthropology. New York: Free Press, 129-44.
50. Rosengarten, Dale. 1987 [1986]. Row upon Row: Sea Grass Baskets of the South Carolina Lowcountry. Columbia, S.C.: McKissick Museum of the University of South Carolina.
51. Schildkrout, Enid. 1978. People of the Zongo: The Transformation of Ethnic Identities in Ghana. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
52. Sengova, Joko. 2006. "My Mother Dem Nyus to Plan' Reis": Reflections on Gullah/Geechee Creole Communication, Connections, and the Construction of Cultural Identity." In, Kevin A. Yelvington, ed., Afro-Atlantic Dialogues: Anthropology in the Diaspora. Santa Fe, N.M.: School of American Research; and Oxford, U.K.: James Currey, 211-48.
53. Skinner, Elliot. 1975. "Competition within Ethnic Systems in Africa." In, Leo A Despres, ed., Ethnicity and Resource Competition in Plural Societies. The Hague: Mouton, 131-57.
54. Sobel, Mechal. 1988 [1979]. Trabelin' On: The Slave Journey to an Afro-Baptist Faith. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
55. Southern, Eileen. 1983 [1971]. The Music of Black Americans: A History. 2d ed. New York and London: W. W. Norton and Co.
56. Stuckey, Sterling. 1987. Slave Culture: Nationalist Theory and the Foundations of Black America. New York: Oxford University Press.
57. Turner, Lorenzo Dow. 1973 [1949]. Africanisms in Gullah Dialect. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
58. Vlach, John Michael. 1990 [1978]. The Afro-American Tradition in Decorative Arts. Athens, Ga. and London: Brown Thrasher Books, University of Georgia.
59. Wagley, Charles. 1963 [1952]. "Introduction." In, Charles Wagley, ed., Race and Class in Rural Brazil. New York: UNESCO, International Documents Service, Columbia University Press, 7-15.
60. Wood, Peter H. 1974. Black Majority: Negroes in Colonial South Carolina from 1670 through the Stono Rebellion. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
61. Yancey, William L., Eugene P. Ericksen, and Richard N. Juliani. 1976. "Emergent Ethnicity: A Review and Reformulation." American Sociological Review 41, 3: 391-403.