Blue polymer optical fiber amplifiers based on conjugated fluorene oligomers

Journal of Nanophotonics

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2008, Pages

  Clark, Jenny ^a   Bazzana, Luca ^b   Bradley, Donal D C ^c   Cabanillas Gonzalez, Juan ^a   Lanzani, Guglielmo ^a   Lidzey, David G ^d   Morgado, Jorge ^e   Nocivelli, Alessandro ^b   Tsoi, Wing C ^d   Virgili, Tersilla ^a   Xia, Ruidong ^c  

^a CNR   (Italy)

^b LUCEAT Spa   (Italy)

^c IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

^e INSTITUTO SUPERIOR TÉCNICO   (Portugal)

Author keywords

Amplifier; Oligofluorene; Polymer optical fiber

Indexed keywords

AMPLIFIERS (ELECTRONIC); CONJUGATED POLYMERS; OLIGOMERS; OPTICAL FIBER FABRICATION; PLASTIC OPTICAL FIBERS;

9 ,9-DIHEXYLFLUORENE; 9 ,9-DIOCTYLFLUORENE; AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS EMISSIONS; GAIN COEFFICIENTS; GAIN PROPERTIES; MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC; OLIGOFLUORENES; PMMA THIN FILM;

FIBER AMPLIFIERS;

EID: 53049099695     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19342608     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1117/1.2902341     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. J. Zubia and J. Arrue, "Plastic optical fibers: an introduction to their technological processes and applications," Opt. Fiber Technol. 7, 101-140 (2001) [doi:10.1006/ofte.2000.0355]. (Pubitemid 33632420)
2. W. Daum, J. Krauser, P. E. Zamzow, and O. Zeimann, POF: Polymer Optical Fibers for Data Communication, Springer, Heidelberg, Germany (2002).
3. R. Xia, G. Heliotis, Y. Hou, and D. D. C. Bradley "Fluorene-based conjugated polymer optical gain media," Org. Electron. 4, 165-177 (2003) [doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2003.08.009].
4. G. Heliotis, D. D. C. Bradley, G. A. Turnbull, and I. D. W. Samuel, "Light amplification and gain in polyfluorene waveguides," Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 415-417 (2002) [doi:10.1063/1.1494473]
5. T. Virgili, D. Marinotto, C. Manzoni, G. Cerullo, and G. Lanzani, "Ultrafast intrachain photoexcitation of polymeric semiconductors," Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (11), 117402 (2005) [doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.117402].
6. T. Virgili, D. Marinotto, G. Lanzani, and D. D. C. Bradley, "Ultrafast resonant optical switching in isolated polyfluorene chains," Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 (9), 091113 (2005) [doi:10.1063/1.1879085].
7. J. Chappel and D. G. Lidzey, "Phase-separation in polyfluorenepolymethylmethacrylated blends studied using UV near-field microscopy," J. Microsc. 209, 188-193 (2003) [doi:10.1046/j.1365-2818.2003. 01110.x]. (Pubitemid 36408220)
8. L. Bazzana, G. Lanzani, R. Xia, J. Morgado, S. Schrader, and D. G. Lidzey, "Plastic optical fibers with embedded organic materials for ultra-fast switching," Proc. Int. Conf. Plastic Optical Fibers, 327-332, Turin, Italy (2007).
9. J. C. de Mello, H. F. Wittmann, and R. H. Friend, "An improved experimental determination of external photoluminescence quantum efficiency," Adv. Mater. 9, 230-232 (1997) [doi:10.1002/adma.19970090308]. (Pubitemid 127527606)
10. R. J. Kruhlak and M. G. Kuzyk, "Side-illumination spectroscopy. I. Principles and II. Applications to squaraine-dye-doped polymer optical fibers," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B. 16 (10), 1749-1767 (1999).
11. G. Lanzani, S. De Silvestri, G. Cerullo, S. Stagira, M. Nisoli, W. Graupner, G. Leising, U. Scherf and Klaus Müllen, "Photophysics of methyl-substituted poly(para-phenylene)-type ladder polymers," in Semiconducting Polymers-Chemistry, Physics and Engineering, G. Hadziioannou and P. Van Hutten Eds., pp. 235-257, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany (2000).
12. I. D. W. Samuel and G. A. Turnbull, "Organic semiconductor lasers," Chem. Rev. 107, 1271-1295 (2007) [doi:10.1021/cr050152i].
13. H. Kuhn, "A quantum-mechanical theory of light absorption of organic dyes and similar compounds," J. Chem. Phys. 17, 1198-1212 (1949) [doi:10.1063/1.1747143].
14. W. C. Tsoi, A. Charas, A. J. Cadby, G. Khalil, A. M. Adawi, A. Iraqi, B. Hunt, J. Morgado, and D. G. Lidzey, "Observation of beta-phase in short chain oligofluorenes," Adv. Funct. Mater. (2007) in press.
15. A. J. Cadby, P. A. Lane, M. Wohlgenannt, C. An, Z. V. Vardeny, and D. D. C. Bradley, "Optical studies of photoexcitations of poly(9,9- dioctylfluorene)," Syn. Met. 111, 515-518 (2000) [doi:10.1016/S0379- 6779(99)00409-9].
16. A. Cadby, R. Dean, A. M. Fox, R. A. L. Jones, and D. G. Lidzey, "Mapping the fluorescence decay lifetime of a conjugated polymer in a phase-separated blend using a scanning near-field optical microscope," Nano Lett. 5, 2232-2237 (2005) [doi:10.1021/nl051525y]. (Pubitemid 41698944)
17. T. Virgili, G. Cerullo, L. Lüer, and G. Lanzani, "Understanding fundamental processes in poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) Light-emitting diodes via ultrafast electricfield-assisted pump-probe spectroscopy," Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 247402 (2003) [doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.247402].
18. J. Cabanillas-Gonzalez, M. R. Antognazza, T. Virgili, G. Lanzani, M. Sonntag, and P. Strohriegl, "Two-step field-induced singlet dissociation in a fluorene trimer," Phys. Rev. B. 71, 155207 (2005) [doi:10.113/PhysRevB. 71.155207].
19. A. Tagaya, Y. Koike, T. Kinshita, E. Nihei, T. Yamamoto, and K. Sasaki, "Polymer optical fiber amplifier," Appl. Phys. Lett. 63, 883-884 (1993) [doi:10.1063/1.109889].
20. G. D. Peng, P. L. Chu, Z. Xiong, T. Whitbread, and R. P. Chaplin, "Broadband tunable optical amplification in Rhodamine B-doped step-index polymer optical fiber," Opt. Commun. 129 353-357 (1993) [doi:10.1016/S0030-4018(96)00217-9]. (Pubitemid 126387840)
21. M. Rajesh, M. Sheeba, K. Geetha, C. P. G. Vallaban, P. Radhakrishnan, and V. P. N. Nampoori, "Fabrication and characterization of dye-doped polymer optical fiber as a light amplifier," Appl. Opt. 46, 106-112 (2007) [doi:10.1364/AO.46.000106]. (Pubitemid 46226672)
22. 3Phen-doped polymer optical fiber amplifier," Opt. Lett. 29(5), 477-479 (2004) [doi:10.1364/OL.29.000447].
23. S. S. Harris and R. A. Ferguson, "Development of an optical launch system for polymer optical fiber and its application to spectral attenuation and bandwidth measurements," Proc. Int. Conf. Plastic Optical Fibers, 289-292, Turin, Italy (2007).