Habitual loading results in tendon hypertrophy and increased stiffness of the human patellar tendon

Journal of Applied Physiology

Volumn 105, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 805-810

  Couppe C ^a   Kongsgaard, M ^a   Aagaard, P ^a   Hansen, P ^a   Bojsen Moller, J ^a   Kjaer, M ^a   Magnusson, S P ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^b BISPEBJERG HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Strength; Tendon size; Unilateral

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ECHOGRAPHY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; HYPERTROPHY; JOINT STIFFNESS; KNEE FUNCTION; LEG; LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY; MUSCLE ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION; MUSCLE STRENGTH; NORMAL HUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATELLA TENDON; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPORT; TENDON HYPERTROPHY; ADAPTATION; ELASTICITY; EXERCISE; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; PATELLA LIGAMENT; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; QUADRICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE; TIBIA; WEIGHT BEARING;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ADULT; ELASTICITY; EXERCISE; HUMANS; HYPERTROPHY; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE STRENGTH; PATELLAR LIGAMENT; QUADRICEPS MUSCLE; RACQUET SPORTS; TIBIA; WEIGHT-BEARING;

EID: 53049094244     PISSN: 87507587     EISSN: 15221601     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.90361.2008     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Birch HL, McLaughlin L, Smith RK, Goodship AE. Treadmill exercise-induced tendon hypertrophy: assessment of tendons with different mechanical functions. Equine Vet J Suppl 30: 222-226, 1999.
2. Bojsen-Moller J, Brogaard K, Have MJ, Stryger HP, Kjaer M, Aagaard P, Magnusson SP. Passive knee joint range of motion is unrelated to the mechanical properties of the patellar tendon. Scand J Med Sci Sports 17: 415-421, 2007.
3. Bojsen-Moller J, Hansen P, Aagaard P, Kjaer M, Magnusson SP. Measuring mechanical properties of the vastus lateralis tendon-aponeurosis complex in vivo by ultrasound imaging. Scand J Med Sci Sports 13: 259-265, 2003.
4. Bojsen-Moller J, Kalliokoski KK, Seppanen M, Kjaer M, Magnusson SP. Low-intensity tensile loading increases intratendinous glucose uptake in the Achilles tendon. J Appl Physiol 101: 196-201, 2006.
5. Buchanan CI, Marsh RL. Effects of long-term exercise on the biomechanical properties of the Achilles tendon of guinea fowl. J Appl Physiol 90: 164-171, 2001.
6. Butler DL, Kay MD, Stouffer DC. Comparison of material properties in fascicle-bone units from human patellar tendon and knee ligaments. J Biomech 19: 425-432, 1986.
7. de Boer MD, Maganaris CN, Seynnes OR, Rennie MJ, Narici MV. Time course of muscular, neural and tendinous adaptations to 23 day unilateral lower-limb suspension in young men. J Physiol 583: 1079-1091, 2007.
8. Elliott DH. Structure and function of mammalian tendon. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 40: 392-421, 1965.
9. Ferretti A. Epidemiology of jumper's knee. Sports Med 3: 289-295, 1986.
10. Ferretti A, Ippolito E, Mariani P, Puddu G. Jumper's knee. Am J Sports Med 11: 58-62, 1983.
11. Flahiff CM, Brooks AT, Hollis JM, Vander Schilden JL, Nicholas RW. Biomechanical analysis of patellar tendon allografts as a function of donor age. Am J Sports Med 23: 354-358, 1995.
12. Hannukainen J, Kalliokoski KK, Nuutila P, Fujimoto T, Kemppainen J, Viljanen T, Laaksonen MS, Parkkola R, Knuuti J, Kjaer M. In vivo measurements of glucose uptake in human Achilles tendon during different exercise intensities. Int J Sports Med 26: 727-731, 2005.
13. Hansen P, Aagaard P, Kjaer M, Larsson B, Magnusson SP. Effect of habitual running on human Achilles tendon load-deformation properties and cross-sectional area. J Appl Physiol 95: 2375-2380, 2003.
14. Hansen P, Bojsen-Moller J, Aagaard P, Kjaer M, Magnusson SP. Mechanical properties of the human patellar tendon, in vivo. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon ) 21: 54-58, 2005.
15. Johnson GA, Tramaglini DM, Levine RE, Ohno K, Choi NY, Woo SL. Tensile and viscoelastic properties of human patellar tendon. J Orthop Res 12: 796-803, 1994.
16. Kalliokoski KK, Langberg H, Ryberg AK, Scheede-Bergdahl C, Doessing S, Kjaer A, Boushel R, Kjaer M. The effect of dynamic knee-extension exercise on patellar tendon and quadriceps femoris muscle glucose uptake in humans studied by positron emission tomography. J Appl Physiol 99: 1189-1192, 2005.
17. Kongsgaard M, Aagaard P, Kjaer M, Magnusson SP. Structural Achilles tendon properties in athletes subjected to different exercise modes and in Achilles tendon rupture patients. J Appl Physiol 99: 1965-1971, 2005.
18. Kongsgaard M, Reitelseder S, Pedersen TG, Holm L, Aagaard P, Kjaer M, Magnusson SP. Region specific patellar tendon hypertrophy in humans following resistance training. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 191: 111-121, 2007.
19. Kubo K, Yata H, Kanehisa H, Fukunaga T. Effects of isometric squat training on the tendon stiffness and jump performance. Eur J Appl Physiol 96: 305-314, 2006.
20. Langberg H, Rosendal L, Kjaer M. Training-induced changes in peritendinous type I collagen turnover determined by microdialysis in humans. J Physiol 534: 297-302, 2001.
21. Langberg H, Skovgaard D, Petersen LJ, Bulow J, Kjaer M. Type I collagen synthesis and degradation in peritendinous tissue after exercise determined by microdialysis in humans. J Physiol 521: 299-306, 1999.
22. Magnusson SP, Aagaard P, Dyhre-Poulsen P, Kjaer M. Load-displacement properties of the human triceps surae aponeurosis in vivo. J Physiol 531: 277-288, 2001.
23. Magnusson SP, Hansen P, Aagaard P, Brond J, Dyhre-Poulsen P, Bojsen-Moller J, Kjaer M. Differential strain patterns of the human gastrocnemius aponeurosis and free tendon, in vivo. Acta Physiol Scand 177: 185-195, 2003.
24. Magnusson SP, Kjaer M. Region-specific differences in Achilles tendon cross-sectional area in runners and non-runners. Eur J Appl Physiol 90: 549-553, 2003.
25. Malaviya P, Butler DL, Boivin GP, Smith FN, Barry FP, Murphy JM, Vogel KG. An in vivo model for load-modulated remodeling in the rabbit flexor tendon. J Orthop Res 18: 116-125, 2000.
26. Miller BF, Olesen JL, Hansen M, Dossing S, Crameri RM, Welling RJ, Langberg H, Flyvbjerg A, Kjaer M, Babraj JA, Smith K, Rennie MJ. Coordinated collagen and muscle protein synthesis in human patella tendon and quadriceps muscle after exercise. J Physiol 567: 1021-1033, 2005.
27. Nordstrom P, Pettersson U, Lorentzon R. Type of physical activity, muscle strength, and pubertal stage as determinants of bone mineral density and bone area in adolescent boys. J Bone Miner Res 13: 1141-1148, 1998.
28. Nystrom J, Lindwall O, Ceci R, Harmenberg J, Svedenhag J, Ekblom B. Physiological and morphological characteristics of world class fencers. Int J Sports Med 11: 136-139, 1990.
29. Onambele GN, Burgess K, Pearson SJ. Gender-specific in vivo measurement of the structural and mechanical properties of the human patellar tendon. J Orthop Res 25: 1635-1642, 2007.
30. Reeves ND, Maganaris CN, Narici MV. Effect of strength training on human patella tendon mechanical properties of older individuals. J Physiol 548: 971-981, 2003.
31. Reeves ND, Narici MV, Maganaris CN. Strength training alters the viscoelastic properties of tendons in elderly humans. Muscle Nerve 28: 74-81, 2003.
32. Robbins JR, Evanko SP, Vogel KG. Mechanical loading and TGF-beta regulate proteoglycan synthesis in tendon. Arch Biochem Biophys 342: 203-211, 1997.
33. Rosager S, Aagaard P, Dyhre-Poulsen P, Neergaard K, Kjaer M, Magnusson SP. Load-displacement properties of the human triceps surae aponeurosis and tendon in runners and non-runners. Scand J Med Sci Sports 12: 90-98, 2002.
34. Sapega AA, Minkoff J, Valsamis M, Nicholas JA. Musculoskeletal performance testing and profiling of elite competitive fencers. Clin Sports Med 3: 231-244, 1984.
35. Sommer HM. The biomechanical and metabolic effects of a running regime on the Achilles tendon in the rat. Int Orthop 11: 71-75, 1987.
36. Viidik A. Tensile strength properties of Achilles tendon systems in trained and untrained rabbits. Acta Orthop Scand 40: 261-272, 1969.
37. Visser JJ, Hoogkamer JE, Bobbert MF, Huijing PA. Length and moment arm of human leg muscles as a function of knee and hip-joint angles. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 61: 453-460, 1990.
38. Westh E, Kongsgaard M, Bojsen-Moller J, Aagaard P, Hansen M, Kjaer M, Magnusson SP. Effect of habitual exercise on the structural and mechanical properties of human tendon, in vivo, in men and women. Scand J Med Sci Sports 18: 23-30, 2008.
39. Woo SL, Gomez MA, Woo YK, Akeson WH. Mechanical properties of tendons and ligaments. II. The relationships of immobilization and exercise on tissue remodeling. Biorheology 19: 397-408, 1982.