Chemistry and safety of phosphates injections

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy

Volumn 65, Issue 18, 2008, Pages 1761-1766

  Newton, David W ^a   Driscoll, David F ^b,c  

^a SHENANDOAH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM ACETATE; CALCIUM CHLORIDE; CALCIUM GLUCEPTATE; FRUCTOSE 1,6 BISPHOSPHATE; GLUCONATE CALCIUM; GLUCOSE 1 PHOSPHATE; GLYCEROPHOSPHATE; HYPERTONIC SOLUTION; PHOSPHATE; POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE; SODIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

CALCIUM METABOLISM; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG INCOMPATIBILITY; DRUG INFUSION; DRUG SAFETY; HUMAN; HYPERKALEMIA; HYPERNATREMIA; HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA; INJECTION; NONHUMAN; NOTE; OSMOLARITY; PH; PHLEBITIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SIDE EFFECT;

EID: 52949145298     PISSN: 10792082     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2146/ajhp080015     Document Type: Note

References (30)

1. The United States pharmacopeia, 31st rev., and The national formulary, 26th ed. Rockville, MD: United States Pharmacopeial Convention; 2007:3047,3256-7.
2. Trissel LA. Handbook on injectable drugs, 14th ed. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2007:242-58,1384-90,1501-4.
3. Minerals. In: National Research Council. Recommended dietary allowances. 10th ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1989:174-94.
4. Driscoll DF, Bistrian BR. Enteral and parenteral nutrition in the ICU. In: Irwin RS, Rippe IM, eds. Irwin and Rippe's intensive care medicine, 6th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008:2186-201.
5. Newton DW, Driscoll DF. Calcium and phosphates compatibility: revisited again. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2008; 65:73-80.
6. Driscoll DF, Newton DW, Bistrian BR. Precipitation of calcium phosphate from parenteral nutrient fluids. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1994; 51:2834-6. Letter.
7. Lide DR, ed. CRC handbook of chemistry & physics, 84th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2003:4-49,8-47.
8. Potassium Phosphates Injection, USP, package insert. Schaumburg, IL: Abraxis; 2006 Dec.
9. Potassium Phosphates Injection, USP, package insert. Shirley, NY: American Regent; 2000 Feb.
10. Potassium Phosphates Injection, USP, package insert. Lake Forest, IL: Hospira; 2004 Oct.
11. Sodium Phosphates Injection, USP, package insert. Schaumburg, IL: Abraxis; 2006 Jul.
12. Sodium Phosphates Injection, USP, package insert. Shirley, NY: American Regent; 2003 Jan.
13. Sodium Phosphates Injection, USP, package insert. Lake Forest, IL: Hospira; 2004 Oct.
14. Fausel CA, Newton DW, Driscoll DF et al. Effect of fat emulsion and supersaturation on calcium phosphate solubility in parenteral nutrient admixtures. Int J Pharm Compound. 1997; 1:54-9.
15. Budvari S, ed. The Merck index, 12th ed. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co.; 1996:1264,1481.
16. Ionic solutions and electrolytic equilibria. In: Troy DB, ed. Remington: the science and practice of pharmacy. 21st ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005:236-44.
17. Martin A. Physical pharmacy. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1993:144-53.
18. a values of medicinal compounds in pharmacy practice. Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1978; 12:546-54.
19. Wong IC, McDougal AR, Tofan M et al. Doubling calcium and phosphate concentrations in neonatal parenteral nutrition solutions using monobasic potassium phosphate. J Am Coll Nutr. 2006; 25:70-7.
20. Henry RS, Jurgens RW Jr, Sturgeon R et al. Compatibility of calcium chloride and calcium gluconate with sodium phosphate in a mixed TPN solution. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1980; 37:673-4.
21. Eggert LD, Rusho WJ, Mackay MW et al. Calcium and phosphorus compatibility in parenteral nutrition solutions for neonates. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1982; 39:49-53.
22. Lenz GT, Mikrut BA. Calcium and phosphate solubility in neonatal parenteral nutrient solutions containing Aminosyn-PF or TrophAmine. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1988; 45:2367-71.
23. Trissel LA. Trissel's calcium and phosphate compatibility in parenteral nutrition. Houston, TX: Tripharma; 2001.
24. Hill SF, Heldman LS, Goo ED et al. Fatal microvascular pulmonary emboli from precipitation of a total nutrient admixture solution. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1996; 20:81-7.
25. The United States pharmacopeia, 31st rev., and The national formulary, 26th ed. Rockville, MD: United States Pharmacopeial Convention; 2007:1612.
26. Blood, fluids, electrolytes, and hematological drugs. In: Troy DB, ed. Remington: the science and practice of pharmacy. 21st ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005:1340.
27. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of medical physiology. 10th ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders; 2000:266-7,322.
28. Kratz A, Ferraro M, Sluss PM et al. Laboratory reference values. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351:1548-63. [Erratum, N Engl J Med. 2004; 351:2461.]
29. Driscoll DF. Compounding TPN admixtures: then and now. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2003; 27:433-8.
30. Hicks W, Hardy G. Phosphate supplementation for hypophosphatemia and parenteral nutrition. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2001; 4:227-33.