Experimental optimization of the impact energy absorption of epoxy-carbon laminates through controlled delamination

Composites Science and Technology

Volumn 68, Issue 13, 2008, Pages 2653-2662

  Pegoretti, Alessandro ^a   Cristelli, Ivan ^a   Migliaresi, Claudio ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TRENTO   (Italy)

Author keywords

A. Layered structures; B. Delamination; B. Fracture toughness; B. Impact behaviour; Interleaving

Indexed keywords

ABSORPTION; CARBON; CARBON FIBERS; CARBON FILMS; COMPOSITE FILMS; ENERGY ABSORPTION; ETHYLENE; FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION; FILM PREPARATION; FRACTURE FIXATION; FRACTURE TOUGHNESS; PAINTING; PLASTIC BOTTLES; POSITRON ANNIHILATION SPECTROSCOPY; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY;

A. LAYERED STRUCTURES; B. DELAMINATION; B. FRACTURE TOUGHNESS; B. IMPACT BEHAVIOUR; CARBON FIBRES; CIRCULAR HOLES; CROSS-PLY; EXPERIMENTAL OPTIMIZATION; IMPACT ENERGY ABSORPTION; INTERLAMINAR FRACTURE TOUGHNESS; INTERLEAVING; PET FILMS; PREPREG; TEREPHTHALATE;

PAPER LAMINATES;

BENDING; CARBON FIBER; DELAMINATION; ELASTIC MODULUS; FILM; FRACTURE; LAMINATE; OPTIMIZATION; POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE; TOUGHNESS;

EID: 52949104043     PISSN: 02663538     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2008.04.036     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Mallick P.K. Fiber-reinforced composites: materials, manufacturing, and design (1993), Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York
2. Richardson M.O.W., and Wisheart M.J. Review of low-velocity impact properties of composite materials. Compos Part A 27 12 (1996) 1123-1131
3. Hancox N.L. An overview of the impact behavior of fibre-reinforced composites. In: Reid S.R., and Zhou G. (Eds). Impact behaviour of fibre-reinforced composite materials and structures (2000), Woodhead Publishing Ltd., Cambridge, UK 1-32
4. Johnson A.F., and Holzapfel M. Influence of delamination on impact damage in composite structures. Compos Sci Technol 66 (2006) 807-815
5. Larsson F. Damage tolerance of a stitched carbon/epoxy laminate. Compos Part A 28 11 (1997) 923-934
6. Kim J.K., Mackay D.B., and Mai Y.-W. Drop-weight impact damage tolerance of CFRP with rubber modified epoxy matrix. Composites 24 6 (1993) 485-494
7. Jang K., Cho W.-J., and Ha C.-S. Influence of processing method on the fracture toughness of thermoplastic-modified, carbon-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. Compos Sci Technol 59 7 (1999) 995-1001
8. Sjogren B.A., and Berglund L.A. Toughening mechanisms in rubber-modified glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composites. Polym Compos 20 5 (1999) 705-712
9. Verrey J., Winkler Y., Michaud V., and Manson J.-A.E. Interlaminar fracture toughness improvement in composites with hyperbranched polymer modified resin. Compos Sci Technol 65 (2005) 1527-1536
10. Jain L.K., and Mai Y.-W. In the effect of stitching on mode-I delamination toughness of laminated composites. Compos Sci Technol 51 3 (1994) 331-345
11. Jain L.K., and Mai Y.-W. Determination of Mode II delamination toughness of stitched laminated composites. Compos Sci Technol 55 3 (1995) 241-253
12. Dransfield K.A., Jain L.K., and Mai Y.-W. On the effects of stitching in CFRPs-I. Mode I delamination toughness. Compos Sci Technol 59 6 (1998) 815-827
13. Jain L.K., Dransfield K.A., and Mai Y.-W. On the effects of stitching in CFRPs-II. Mode II delamination toughness. Compos Sci Technol 59 6 (1998) 829-837
14. Watt A., Goodwin A.A., and Mouritz A.P. Thermal degradation of the mode I interlaminar fracture properties of stitched glass fibre vinyl ester composites. J Mater Sci 33 10 (1998) 2629-2638
15. Yan W.Y., Liu H.Y., and Mai Y.-W. Mode II delamination toughness of z-pinned laminates. Compos Sci Technol 64 13-14 (2004) 1937-1945
16. Cartie D.D.R., Troulis M., and Partridge I.K. Delamination of Z-pinned carbon fibre reinforced laminates. Compos Sci Technol 66 6 (2006) 855-861
17. Davidson B.D., and Hu H. Effect of interlayer modulus on fracture mode ratio for interleaved composite laminates. Eng Fract Mech 52 2 (1995) 243-253
18. Hillermeier R.W., and Seferis J.C. Interlayer toughening of resin transfer molding composites. Compos Part A 32 (2001) 721-729
19. Jiang W., Y T.F.F., Tjong S.C., Li R.K.Y., Kim J.K., and Mai Y.-W. Loading rate dependence of Mode II fracture behavior in interleaved carbon fibre/epoxy composite laminates. Appl Compos Mater 8 (2001) 361-369
20. Lee S.-H., Noguchi H., Kim Y.-B., and Cheong S.-K. Effect of interleaved non-woven carbon tissue on interlaminar fracture toughness of laminated composites: Part I - Mode II. J Compos Mater 36 18 (2002) 2153-2167
21. Lee S.-H., Noguchi H., Kim Y.-B., and Cheong S.-K. Effect of interleaved non-woven carbon tissue on interlaminar fracture toughness of laminated composites: Part II - Mode I. J Compos Mater 36 18 (2002) 2169-2181
22. Matsuda S., Hojo M., Ochiai S., Murakami A., Akimoto H., and Ando M. Effect of ionomer thickness on mode I interlaminar fracture toughness for ionomer toughened CFRP. Compos Part A 30 (1999) 1311-1319
23. Yun N.G., Won Y.G., and Kim S.C. Toughening of carbon fiber/epoxy composite by inserting polysulfone film to form morphology spectrum. Polymer 45 (2004) 6953-6958
24. Gao F., Jiao G.Q., Lu Z.X., and Ning R.C. Mode II delamination and damage resistance of carbon/epoxy composite laminates interleaved with thermoplastic particles. J Compos Mater 41 1 (2007) 111-123
25. Walker L., Sohn M.S., and Hu X.Z. Improving impact resistance of carbon-fibre composites through interlaminar reinforcement. Compos Part A - Appl Sci Manufact 33 6 (2002) 893-902
26. Kim J.K., and Mai Y.-W. Engineered interfaces in fibre-reinforced composites (1998), Elsevier Science Publishers, Oxford
27. Wang T.W.H., and Blum F.D. Interfacial mobility and its effect on interlaminar fracture toughness in glass-fibre-reinforced epoxy laminates. J Mater Sci 31 19 (1996) 5231-5238
28. Yeung P., and Broutman L.J. The effect of glass-resin interface strength on the impact strength of fiber reinforced plastics. Polym Eng Sci 18 2 (1978) 62-72
29. Deng S.Q., and Ye L. Influence of fiber-matrix adhesion on mechanical properties of graphite/epoxy composites: I. Tensile, flexure, and fatigue properties. J Reinf Plast Compos 18 11 (1999) 1021-1040
30. Madhukar M.S., and Drzal L.T. Fiber-matrix adhesion and its effect on composite mechanical properties: IV. Mode I and Mode II fracture toughness of graphite/epoxy composites. J Compos Mater 26 7 (1992) 936-968
31. Goan JC, Martin TW, Prescott R. The influence of interfacial bonding on the properties of carbon fiber composites. In: 28th Annual Technical Conference Reinforced Plastic Composites Institute; 1973: SPI.
32. Hong S., and Liu D. On the relationship between impact energy and delamination area. Exp Mech 29 2 (1989) 115-120
33. Favre J.P. Improving the fracture energy of carbon fiber reinforced plastics by delamination promoters. J Mater Sci 12 (1977) 43-50
34. Mai Y.W., Cotterell B., and Lord R. On fiber composites with intermittent interlaminar bonding. ICCM-IV, progress in science and engineering of composites (1982), North Holland Pub, Amsterdam, Tokyo
35. Jea L.C., and Felbeck D.K. Increased fracture toughness of graphite-epoxy composites through intermittent interlaminar bonding. J Compos Mater 14 (1980) 245-259
36. Jang B.Z., Lieu Y.K., Chung W.C., and Hwang L.R. Controlled energy dissipation in fibrous composites, I. Controlled delamination. Polym Compos 8 (1987) 94-102
37. Lear M.H., and Sankar B.V. Optimizing energy absorption in multi-layered materials through controlled delamination. J Mater Sci 34 17 (1999) 4181-4191
38. Schoeppner G.A., and Abrate S. Delamination threshold loads for low velocity impact on composite laminates. Compos Part A - Appl Sci Manufact 31 9 (2000) 903-915
39. Fuoss E., Straznicky P.V., and Poon C. Effects of stacking sequence on the impact resistance in composite laminates - Part 1: parametric study. Compos Struct 41 1 (1998) 67-77
40. Pegoretti A., Guardini A., Migliaresi C., and Ricco T. Recovery of post-yielding deformations in semi-crystalline poly(ethylene-terephthalate). Polymer 41 5 (2000) 1857-1864
41. Davies P., Blackman B.R.K., and Brunner A.J. Mode II delamination. In: Moore D.R., Pavan A., and Williams J.G. (Eds). Fracture mechanics testing methods for polymers, adhesives and composites (2001), Elsevier, Amsterdam 307-333
42. Hojo M., Ando T., Tanaka M., Adachi T., Ochiai S., and Endo Y. Modes I and II interlaminar fracture toughness and fatigue delamination of CF/epoxy laminates with self-same epoxy interleaf. Int J Fatigue 28 (2006) 1154-1165
43. Naik N.K., Reddy K.S., Meduri S., Raju N.B., Prasad P.D., Azad S.N.M., et al. Interlaminar fracture characterization for plain weave fabric composites. J Mater Sci 37 (2002) 2983-2987
44. Alvarez V., Bernal C.R., Frontini P.M., and Vazquez A. The influence of matrix chemical structure on the Mode I and II interlaminar fracture toughness of glass-fiber/epoxy composites. Polym Compos 24 1 (2003) 140-148
45. Chen S.F., and Jang B.Z. Fracture behavior of interleaved fiber resin composites. Compos Sci Technol 41 1 (1991) 77-97
46. Jordan W. Changing the toughness of graphite fiber/resin based composites by changing their internal structure. Compos Part B 31 (2000) 245-252
47. Mujika F., De Benito A., Fernadez B., Vazquez A., Llano-Ponte R., and Mondragon I. Mechanical properties of carbon woven reinforced epoxy matrix composites. A study on the influence of matrix modification with polysulfone. Polym Compos 23 3 (2002) 372-382
48. Park S.J., Seo M.K., and Lee J.R. Roles of interfaces between carbon fibers and epoxy matrix on interlaminar fracture toughness of composites. Compos Interfaces 13 2-3 (2006) 249-267
49. Stevanovica D., Kalyanasundaramb S., Lowe A., and Jarc P.-Y.B. Mode I and mode II delamination properties of glass/vinyl-ester composite toughened by particulate modified interlayers. Compos Sci Technol 63 (2003) 1949-1964
50. Madhukar M.S., and Drzal L.T. Fiber-matrix adhesion and its effect on composite mechanical properties: II. Longitudinal (0°) and transverse (90°) tensile and flexure behavior of graphite/epoxy composites. J Compos Mater 25 (1991) 958-991
51. Bader M.G., Bailey J.E., and Bell I. The effect of fibre-matrix interface strength on the impact and fracture properties of carbon-fibre-reinforced epoxy resin composites. J Phys D: Appl Phys 6 (1973) 572-586
52. Beaumont P.W.R., Reiwald P.G., and Zweben C. Methods for improving the impact resistance of composite materials. ASTM Special Tech Public 568 (1974) 134-158