High-d-dimer plasma levels predict poor outcome in esophageal variceal bleeding

Digestive and Liver Disease

Volumn 40, Issue 11, 2008, Pages 874-881

  Primignani, M ^a   Dell'Era, A ^a,b   Bucciarelli, P ^a   Bottasso, B ^a   Bajetta, M T ^a   de Franchis, R ^a,b   Cattaneo, M ^b  

^a FONDAZIONE IRCCS CA GRANDA OSPEDALE MAGGIORE POLICLINICO   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

Author keywords

d Dimer; Liver cirrhosis; Variceal bleeding

Indexed keywords

D DIMER; TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BLOOD CLOTTING; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; ESOPHAGUS VARICES BLEEDING; FEMALE; FIBRINOLYSIS; FOLLOW UP; HEMOSTASIS; HUMAN; INFECTION; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; PROTHROMBIN TIME; VEIN LIGATION;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CAUSE OF DEATH; ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; ESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC VARICES; FEMALE; FIBRIN FIBRINOGEN DEGRADATION PRODUCTS; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HUMANS; LINEAR MODELS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROBABILITY; REFERENCE VALUES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 52749086341     PISSN: 15908658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2008.01.010     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Garden O.J., Motyl H., and Gilmur W.H. Prediction of outcome following acute variceal hemorrhage. Br J Surg 72 (1985) 91-95
2. de Dombal F.T., Clarke J.R., Clamp S.E., Malizia G., Kotwal M.R., and Morgan A.G. Prognostic factors in upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy 18 Suppl (1986) 6-10
3. Burroughs A.K., Mezzanotte G., Phillips A., McCormick P.A., and McIntire N. Cirrhotics with variceal hemorrhage: the importance of the time interval between admission and the start of analysis for survival and rebleeding rates. Hepatology 9 (1989) 801-807
4. del Olmo J.A., Pena A., Serra M.A., Wassel A.H., Benages A., and Rodrigo J.M. Predictors of mortality after first episode of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in liver cirrhosis. J Hepatol 32 (2000) 19-24
5. Joist J.H. Haemostatic abnormalities in liver disease. In: Colman R.W., Hirsh J., Marder V.J., and Salzman E.W. (Eds). Haemostasis and thrombosis. 2nd ed. (1987), Lippincott, Philadelphia 861-872
6. Huber K., Kirchheimer C., Korninger C., and Binder B.R. Hepatic synthesis and clearance of components of the fibrinolytic system in healthy volunteers and in patients with different stages of liver cirrhosis. Thromb Res 62 (1991) 491-500
7. Lasierra J., Barrao F., Cena G., Aza M.J., Morandeira M.J., Barrao M.E., et al. Changes of the fibrinolitic system in liver disfunction: role of portal hypertension. Thromb Res 67 (1992) 15-21
8. Paramo J.A., and Rocha E. Hemostasis in advanced liver disease. Sem Thromb Hemost 19 (1993) 184-190
9. Violi F., Ferro D., Basili S., Quintarelli C., Musca A., Cordova C., et al. Hyperfibrinolysis resulting from clotting activation in patients with different degrees of cirrhosis. Hepatology 17 (1993) 78-83
10. The North Italian Endoscopic Club for the Study and Treatment of Oesophageal Varices. Prediction of the first variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and esophageal varices: a prospective multicenter study. N Eng J Med 1988;319:983-98.
11. Violi F., Ferro D., Basili S., Quintarelli C., Saliola M., Alessandra C., et al. Hyperfibrinolysis increases the risk of gastrointestinal hemorrage in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Hepatology 15 (1992) 672-676
12. Siringo S., Bolondi L., Sofia S., Hermida R.C., Gramantieri L., Gaiani S., et al. Circadian occurrence of variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 11 (1996) 1115-1120
13. Piscaglia F., Siringo S., Hermida R.C., Legnani C., Valgimigli M., Donati G., et al. Diurnal changes of fibrinolysis in patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices. Hepatology 31 (2000) 349-357
14. Goulis J., Patch D., and Burroughs A.K. Bacterial infection in the pathogenesis of variceal bleeding. Lancet 353 (1999) 139-142
15. Goulis J., Armonis A., Patch D., Sabin C., Greenslade L., and Burroughs A.K. Bacterial infection is independently associated with failure to control bleeding in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Hepatology 27 (1998) 1207-1212
16. Violi F., Ferro D., Basili S., Saliola M., Quintarelli C., Alessandri C., et al. Association between low-grade disseminated intravascular coagulation and endotoxemia in patients with liver cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 109 (1995) 531-539
17. Basili S., Ferro D., and Violi F. Endotoxaemia, hyperfibrinolysis, and bleeding in cirrhosis. Lancet 353 (1999) 1102
18. Papatheodoridis G.V., Patch D., Webster G.J., Brooker J., Barnes E., and Burroughs A.K. Infection and hemostasis in decompensated cirrhosis: a prospective study using thrombelastography. Hepatology 29 (1999) 1085-1090
19. de Franchis R. Developing consensus in portal hypertension. J Hepatol 25 (1996) 390-394
20. Kamath P.S., Wiesner R.H., Malinchoc M., Kremers W., Therneau T.M., Kosberg C.L., et al. A model to predict survival in patients with end-stage liver disease. Hepatology 33 (2001) 464-470
21. Bernard B., Cadranel J.F., Valla D., Escolano S., Jarlier V., and Opolon P. Prognostic significance of bacterial infection in bleeding cirrhotic patients: a prospective study. Gastroenterology 108 (1995) 1828-1834
22. Vivas S., Rodriguez M., Palacio M.A., Linares A., Alonso J.L., and Rodrigo L. Presence of bacterial infection in bleeding cirrhotic patients is independently associated with early mortality and failure to control bleeding. Dig Dis Sci 46 (2001) 2752-2757
23. Bernard B., Nguyen K.E., Opolon P., and Poynard T. Antibiotic prophylaxis (AbP) for the prevention of bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleeding (GB): a meta-analysis. Hepatology 29 (1999) 1655-1661
24. de Franchis R. Updating consensus in portal hypertension: report of the Baveno III consensus workshop on definitions, methodology and therapeutic strategies in portal hypertension. J Hepatology 33 (2000) 846-852
25. Soares-Weiser K., Brezis M., Tur-Kaspa R., and Leibovici L. Antibiotic prophylaxis for cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2 (2002) CD002907
26. Cormack F., Chackrabarti R.R., Jouhar A.J., and Fearnley G.R. Tranexamic acid in upper gastrointestinal haemorrage. Lancet 1 (1973) 1207-1208
27. Biggs J.C., Hugh T.B., and Dodds A.J. Tranexamic acid and upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage-a double-blind trial. Gut 17 (1976) 729-734
28. Engqvist A., Brostrom O., von Feilitzen F., Halldin M., Nystrom B., Ost A., et al. Tranexamic acid in massive haemorrhage from the upper gastrointestinal tract: a double-blind study. Scand J Gastroenterol 14 (1979) 839-844
29. Barer D., Ogilvie A., Henry D., Dronfield M., Coggon D., French S., et al. Cimetidine and tranexamic acid in the treatment of acute upper-gastrointestinal-tract bleeding. N Engl J Med 308 (1983) 1571-1575
30. von Holstein C.C., Eriksson S.B., and Kallen R. Tranexamic acid as an aid to reducing blood transfusion requirements in gastric and duodenal bleeding. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 294 (1987) 7-10
31. Stael von Holstein C., Eriksson S.B., and Kallen R. Tranexamic acid in gastric and duodenal bleeding. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 137 (1987) 71-74
32. Henry D.A., and O'Connel D.L. Effects of fibrinolytic inhibitors on mortality from upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. BMJ 298 (1989) 1142-1146
33. Okuyama K., Matsukawa T., Abe F., and Kumazawa T. Comparative effect of tranexamico acid on the reduction of bleeding during and after cardiac surgery. Masui-Jpn J Anesthesiol 47 (1998) 861-864
34. Mongan P.D., Brown R.S., and Thwaites B.K. Tranexamic acid and aprotinin reduce postoperative bleeding and transfusion during primary coronary revascularization. Anesth Analg 87 (1998) 258-265
35. Boylan J.F., Klinck J.R., Sandler A.N., Arellano R., Greig P.D., Nierenberg H., et al. Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss, transfusion requirements and coagulation factor use in primary orthotopic liver transplantation. Anesthesiology 85 (1996) 1043-1048