Correlation between the histopathological diagnosis by AgNOR count and AgNOR area in canine mammary tumors

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Volumn 22, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 1174-1180

  Bundgaard Andersen, Kristine ^a   Flagstad, A ^b   Jensen, A L ^b   Hellmen E ^c   Trere D ^d  

^a Regiondjursjukhuset Helsingborg   (Sweden)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^c SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Sweden)

^d UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Breast cancer in female dogs; Image morphometry; Manual counting; Silver staining

Indexed keywords

CELL NUCLEUS ANTIGEN; NUCLEOLAR ORGANIZER REGION ASSOCIATED PROTEINS;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; DOG; DOG DISEASE; EXPERIMENTAL NEOPLASM; FEMALE; METABOLISM; PATHOLOGY; SILVER STAINING;

ANIMALS; ANTIGENS, NUCLEAR; DOG DISEASES; DOGS; FEMALE; MAMMARY NEOPLASMS, ANIMAL; SILVER STAINING;

ANIMALIA; CANIS FAMILIARIS;

EID: 52649092369     PISSN: 08916640     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0144.x     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Misdorp W, Else RW, Hellmén E, Lipscomb TP. Histological Classification of Mammary Tumors of the Dog and the Cat. Second Series, Vol. VII. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, the American Registry of Pathology, and The World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Worldwide Reference on Comparative Oncology; 1999:16-25.
2. Arnesen K, Gamlem H, Glattre E, et al. The Norwegian Canine Cancer Register 1990-1998. Report from the project "Cancer in the Dog". Eur J Comp Anim Pract 2001;XI:159-169, (originally in Norwegian in Norsk Veterinærtidsskrift 2000; 112 (3): 137-147).
3. Schneider R. Comparison of age, sex, and incidence rates in human and canine breast cancer. Cancer 1970;26:419-426.
4. Brodey RS, Goldschmidt MH, Roszel JR. Canine mammary gland neoplasms. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1983;19:61-90.
5. Ahern TE, Bird RC, Bird AEC, Wolfe LG. Expression of the oncogene c-erbB-2 in canine mammary cancers and tumor-derived cell lines. Am J Vet Res 1996;57:693-696.
6. Chu LL, Rutteman GR, Kong JMC, et al. Genomic organization of the canine p53 gene and its mutational status in canine mammary neoplasia. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1998;50:11-25.
7. Schneider R, Dorn CR, Taylor DON. Factors influencing canine mammary cancer development and postsurgical survival. J Natl Cancer Inst 1969;43:1249-1261.
8. Misdorp W. Canine mammary tumors: Protective effect of late ovariectomy and stimulating effect of progestins. Vet Q 1988;10:26-33.
9. Sonnenschein EG, Glickman LT, Goldschmidt MH, McKee LJ. Body conformation, diet, and risk of breast cancer in pet dogs: A case-control study. Am J Epidemiol 1991;133:694-703.
10. Hampe JF, Misdorp W. Tumors and dysplasias of the mammary gland. Bull World Health Org 1974;50:111-133.
11. Priester WA, McKay FW. The Occurrence of Tumors in Domestic Animals. National Cancer Institute Monograph 54. Bethesda: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 1980.
12. Hellmén E, Bergström R, Holmberg L, et al. Prognostic factors in canine mammary tumors: A multivariate study of 202 consecutive cases. Vet Pathol 1993;30:20-27.
13. Owen LN. Mammary Glands. TNM Classification of Tumors in Domestic Animals. Publ. No. VPH/CMO/80.20, 1st ed. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 1980.
14. Kitchell BE. Mammary tumors. In: Bonagura JD, ed. Current Veterinary Therapy XII. Small Animal Practice. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company; 1995:1098-1103.
15. Hahn KA, Richardson RC, Knapp DW. Canine malignant mammary neoplasia: Biological behaviour, diagnosis, and treatment alternatives. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1992;28:251-256.
16. Howell WM, Denton TE, Diamond JR. Differential staining of the satellite regions of human acrocentrics chromosomes. Experientia 1975;31:260-262.
17. Ploton D, Menager M, Jeannesson P, et al. Improvement in the staining and in the visualization of the argyrophilic proteins of the nucleolar organizer region at the optical level. Histochem J 1986;18:5-14.
18. Trerè D. AgNOR staining and quantification. Micron 2000;31:127-131.
19. Dervan PA, Gilmartin LG, Loftus BM, Carney DN. Breast carcinoma kinetics. Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region counts correlate with Ki67 scores. Am J Pathol 1989;92:401-407.
20. Derenzini M, Trerè D, Chieco P, Melchiorri C. Interphase AgNOR quantity is not related to DNA content in 11 established human cancer cell lines. Exp Cell Res 1994;211:282-285.
21. Crocker J, Nar P. Nucleolar organizer regions in lymphomas. J Pathol 1987;151:111-118.
22. Sivrides E, Anastasiadis P, von Lüdinghausen M. Argyrophilic staining for nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR). A suitable methodology for differential diagnosis of breast lesions? Zentralblatt für Pathologie 1992;138:103-107.
23. Destexhe E, Vanmanshoven P, Coignoul F. Comparison of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions by counting and image analysis in canine mammary tumors. Am J Vet Res 1995;56: 185-187.
24. Derenzini M. The AgNORs. Micron 2000;31:117-120.
25. Bauer NB, Zervos D, Moritz A. Argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions and Ki67 equally reflect proliferation in fine needle aspirates of normal, hyperplastic, inflamed, and neoplastic canine lymph nodes (n = 101). J Vet Int Med 2007;21: 928-935.
26. Smith R, Crocker J. Evaluation of nucleolar organizer region-associated proteins in breast malignancy. Histopathology 1988;12:113-125.
27. Crocker J, Boldy DAR, Egan MJ. How should we count AgNORs? Proposal for a standardized approach. J Pathol 1989; 158:185-188.
28. Hansen AB, Østergaard B. Nucleolar organiser regions in hyperplastic and neoplastic prostatic tissue. Virchows Archiv A Pathol Anat Histopathol 1990;417:9-13.
29. Rüschoff J, Plate KH, Bittinger A. Application of the AgNOR method to cell imprints. Letter to the editor. J Pathol 1989; 158:133.
30. Aubele M, Auer G, Jütting U, et al. Prognostic value of quantitatively measured AgNORs in ductal mammary carcinoma. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 1994a;16:211-218.
31. Ceccarelli C, Trerè D, Santini D, et al. AgNORs in breast tumors. Micron 2000;31:143-149.
32. Juntes P, Pogačnik M. Morphometric analysis of AgNORs in tubular and papillary parts of canine mammary gland tumors. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2000;22:185-192.
33. Ronco A, Larran J, López A, Vilches J. AgNOR and breast cancer. A study by image analysis. Histol Histopathol 1994;9: 309-313.
34. Harari R, Shahar R, Zuckerman A, Nyska A. Silver stained nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) in canine mammary tumors measured by image analysis and direct counting: Correlation to histology and clinical behaviour. Israel J Vet Med 1995; 50:147-155.
35. Charpin C, Bonnier P, Piana L, et al. Correlation of nucleolar organizer regions and nuclear morphometry assessed by automatic image analysis in breast cancer with aneuploidy, Ki67 immunostaining, histopathologic grade and lymph node involvement. Pathol, Res Pract 1992;188:1009-1017.
36. Trerè D, Migaldi M, Trentini GP. Higher reproducibility of morphometric analysis over the counting method for interphase AgNOR quantification. Anal Cell Pathol 1995;8:57-65.
37. Bratulić M, Grabarević Ž, Artukovič B, Capak D. Number of nucleoli and nucleolar organizer regions per nucleus and nucleolus - Prognostic value in canine mammary tumors. Vet Pathol 1996; 33:527-532.
38. Sarli G, Preziosi R, Benazzi C, et al. Prognostic value of histologie stage and proliferative activity in canine malignant mammary tumors. J Vet Diagn Invest 2002;14:25-34.
39. Löhr CV, Teifke JP, Failing K, Weiss E. Characterization of the proliferation state in canine mammary tumors by the standardized AgNOR method with postfixation and immunohistologic detection of Ki-67 and PCNA. Vet Pathol 1997;34:212-221.
40. Öfner D, Aubele M, Biesterfeld S, et al. Guidelines of AgNOR quantitation - first update. In: Hofstädter F, Knüchel R, Rüschoff J, eds. Cell Proliferation Assessment in Oncology, Vol. 427. Regensburg, Germany: Institut für Pathologie; Virchows Archiv 1995:341.
41. Aubele M, Biesterfeld S, Derenzini M, et al. Guidelines of AgNOR quantitation. Zentralblatt für Pathologie 1994b;140: 107-108.
42. Kesari AL, Chellam VG, Nair PP, et al. Tumor proliferation fraction in infiltrating duct carcinoma. Gen Diagn Pathol 1997;143:219-224.
43. Derenzini M, Ceccarelli C, Santini D, et al. The prognostic value of the AgNOR parameter in human breast cancer depends on the pRb and p53 status. J Clin Pathol 2004;57:755-761.