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1
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84936218751
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Cf. Anne de Julius: Global companies and public policy. The growing challenge of foreign direct investment, Chatham House Papers, London 1990.
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2
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84936214723
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Cf. UNCTC World Investment Report 1992, New York.
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3
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84936173902
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Cf. UNCTC World Investment Report 1992, New York: Rolf Jungnickel: Weltwirtschaft und internationale Unternehmung, in: Handwörterbuch Export und Internationale Unternehmung, Stuttgart 1989.
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4
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84936182285
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Cf. ILO: Employment and Multinationals in the 1990s, Geneva (forthcoming 1993).
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5
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84936186533
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Cf. Anne de Julius, op. cit.; Global companies and public policy. The growing challenge of foreign direct investment, Chatham House Papers, London 1990; Philip Turner: Capital Flows in the 1980s: A Survey of Major Trends, BIS, Basel 1991.
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6
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84936172572
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For details see Axel Borrmann, Rolf Jungnickel: Die Position ausländischer Investoren im asiatisch-pazifischen Integrationsprozeß, HWWA-Report, No. 102, Hamburg 1992; Rolf Jungnickel: Foreign Direct Investment: Recent Trends in a Changing World, HWWA-Report, No. 115, Hamburg 1993.
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7
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84936177201
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Jetro: Japan New World's largest Investor, in: Tradescope, Jan. 1991, pp. 5–8.
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8
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84936213432
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R. Komiya, R. Wakagusi: Japan's Foreign Direct Investment, in: The Annals of the American Academy, No. 513, Jan. 1991.
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9
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84936173714
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SCB (Survey of Current Business), June 1991.
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10
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84936181118
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E. M. Graham, P. R. Krugman: Foreign Direct Investment in the United States, Washington, D. C., 1989.
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11
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84936214784
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A. M. Rugman, A. Verbeke: Corporate strategy after the free trade agreement and Europe 1992, in: J. Longair (ed.): Regional Integration in the World Economy: Europe and North America, Ottawa 1990.
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12
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84936169139
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UNCTC: World Investment Report 1991, New York, John Cantwell: The Effects of Integration on the Structure of Multinational Corporation Activity in the EC, in: Klein, Welfens (eds.): Multinationals in the New Europe and Global Trade, Heidelberg (1992), pp. 193–233.
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13
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84936191556
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Rolf Jungnickel: Unternehmensstrategien im Binnenmarkt, in: O. G. Mayer et al. (eds.): Der Europäische Binnenmarkt, Hamburg 1989.
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14
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84936169830
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Susanne Erbe et al.: Drittlandsunternehmen im europäischen Binnenmarkt, Hamburg 1991.
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15
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84936199410
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The motivation of Japanese FDI in the EC is discussed in more detail in Phedon Nicolaides, Stephen Thomsen: Can protectionism explain direct investment?, mimeo, Feb. 1991; Stephen Thomsen, Phedon Nicolaides: The evolution of Japanese direct investment in Europe: Death of a transistor salesman, Hemosteed 1991; Susanne Erbe et al., op. cit. Drittlandsunternehmen im europäischen Binnenmarkt, Hamburg 1991.
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16
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84936173635
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UNIDO: Foreign Direct Investment in Central and Eastern European Countries, Vienna, 16 June 1992.
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17
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84936172488
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OECD: Foreign Direct Investment Flows: Recent Development and Perspectives, in: Financial Market Trends, June 1992; Jan Stankovsky: Direktinvestitionen Österreichs in den Oststaaten, in: WIFO Monatsberichte No. 8, 1992, pp. 415–420.
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18
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84936183801
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Jan Stankovsky, op. cit. Direktivestitionen Österreichs in den Oststaaten, in: WIFO Monatsberichte No. 8, 1992, pp. 415–420.
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19
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84936195296
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Klaus Bolz (ed.): Ordnungspolitische Standortbedingungen für Direktinvestitionen in Mittel- und Osteuropa—Länderstudien CSFR, Polen, Rumänien, Ungarn, UdSSR-, Hamburg 1990; John H. Dunning: The Prospects for Foreign Direct Investment in Eastern Europe, University of Reading, Discussion Papers in International Investment and Business Studies, No. 155, 1991.
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20
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84936202217
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Estimates by the Austrian Ministry of Economics. The host countries' statistics show a somewhat lower share (Stankovsky, op. cit. Direktinvestitionen Österreichs in den Oststaaten, in: WIFO Monatsberichte No. 8, 1992, pp. 415–420). Included in the Austrian FDI is an unknown share of indirect FDI by non-Austrian MNEs via their Austrian subsidiaries which often enjoy an advantage in dealing with eastern countries. The most recent example is the German tyre company Continental.
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21
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84936172774
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Thomas L. Brewer: Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries, World Bank, WPS 712, 1991; UNIDO: Foreign Direct Investment Flows to Developing Countries: Recent Trends, Major Determinants and Policy Implications, Vienna 10.7.1990.
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22
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84936182902
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BIS: 62nd Annual Report, Basel 1992.
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23
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84936190817
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UNIDO: Foreign Direct Investment Flows to Developing Countries: Recent Trends, Major Determinants and Policy Implications, Vienna 10. 7. 1990.
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24
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84936176370
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Ibid. UNIDO: Foreign Direct Investment Flows to Developing Countries: Recent Trends, Major Determinants and Policy Implications, Vienna 10. 7. 1990.
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25
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84936209343
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Pekings Wirtschaftsstrategen registrieren einen starken Zufluß an Auslandskapital, in: Handelsblatt, 1. 12. 1992.
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26
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84936183138
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BIS: 62nd Annual Report, Basel 1992, p. 93.
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27
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84936207223
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Inter-American Development Bank: Economic and Social Progress in Latin America, 1992 Report, Washington, D. C.
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28
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84936187457
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UNIDO: Foreign Direct Investment Flows to Developing Countries: Recent Trends, Major Determinants and Policy Implications, Vienna, 10. 7. 1990; UNTC: Transnational Corporations in World Development, New York 1988; Thomas L. Brewer: Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries, World Bank, WPS 712.
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29
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84936169355
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UNCTC: World Investment Report 1991, New York.
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30
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84936200761
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Rolf Langhammer: Competition among Developing Countries for Foreign Investment in the Eighties—Whom did OECD Investors Prefer?, in: Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, No. 2, 1991.
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31
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84936193179
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UNCTC: World Investment Report 1991, New York; John Cantwell: The relationship between international trade and international production, discussion paper No. 161, University of Reading, 1992.
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32
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84936212969
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Axel Borrmann, Rolf Jungnickel, op. cit. Die Position ausländischer Investoren im asiatisch-pazifischen Integrationsproze 3, HWWA-Report, No. 102, Hamburg 1992; Rolf Jungnickel: Foreign Direct Investment: Recent Trends in a Changing World, HWWA-Report, No. 115, Hamburg 1993.
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33
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84936189840
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Axel Borrmann et al.: Regionalismustendenzen im Welthandel (forthcoming).
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