메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 98, Issue 10, 2008, Pages 1756-1763

Ethics in American health 2: An ethical framework for health system reform

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONSENSUS; ECONOMIC ASPECT; ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS AND RELATED PHENOMENA; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HEALTH CARE SYSTEM; HEALTH INSURANCE; MEDICAL ETHICS; REVIEW; COOPERATION; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; DISABLED PERSON; ETHICAL THEORY; ETHICS; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; INSURANCE; MANAGEMENT; ORGANIZATION; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PATIENT ADVOCACY; SOCIAL JUSTICE; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; UNITED STATES;

EID: 52449125144     PISSN: 00900036     EISSN: 15410048     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.121350     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (16)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 4544329272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health and social justice
    • Ruger JP. Health and social justice. Lancet. 2004;364:1075-1080.
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.364 , pp. 1075-1080
    • Ruger, J.P.1
  • 2
    • 4544261656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethics of the social determinants of health
    • Ruger JP. Ethics of the social determinants of health. Lancet. 2004;364:1092-1097.
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.364 , pp. 1092-1097
    • Ruger, J.P.1
  • 3
    • 33750611718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a theory of a right to health: Capability and incompletely theorized agreements
    • Ruger JP. Toward a theory of a right to health: capability and incompletely theorized agreements. Yale J Law Humanit. 2006;18:273-326.
    • (2006) Yale J Law Humanit , vol.18 , pp. 273-326
    • Ruger, J.P.1
  • 4
    • 33750629441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health, capability, and justice: Toward a new paradigm of health ethics, policy and law
    • Ruger JP. Health, capability, and justice: toward a new paradigm of health ethics, policy and law. Cornell J Law Public Policy. 2006;15:403-482.
    • (2006) Cornell J Law Public Policy , vol.15 , pp. 403-482
    • Ruger, J.P.1
  • 6
    • 0003986649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2nd ed. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Co;
    • Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. 2nd ed. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Co; 1999.
    • (1999) The Nicomachean Ethics
    • Aristotle1
  • 7
    • 3242698302 scopus 로고
    • Nature, function, and capability: Aristotle on political distribution
    • von Gunther Patzig H, Gottingen, Germany: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht;
    • Nussbaum MC. Nature, function, and capability: Aristotle on political distribution. In: von Gunther Patzig H. Aristoteles Politik. Gottingen, Germany: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht; 1990.
    • (1990) Aristoteles Politik
    • Nussbaum, M.C.1
  • 9
    • 84970641107 scopus 로고
    • Human functioning and social justice: In defense of Aristotelian essentialism
    • Nussbaum MC. Human functioning and social justice: in defense of Aristotelian essentialism. Polit Theory. 1992;20:202-246.
    • (1992) Polit Theory , vol.20 , pp. 202-246
    • Nussbaum, M.C.1
  • 10
    • 0004080299 scopus 로고
    • Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press;
    • Aristotle. The Politics. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press; 1994.
    • (1994) The Politics
    • Aristotle1
  • 11
    • 0004274013 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press;
    • Sen AK. Inequality Reexamined. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 1992.
    • (1992) Inequality Reexamined
    • Sen, A.K.1
  • 13
    • 0004130519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxford, England: Oxford University Press;
    • Sen AK. Development as Freedom. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 1999.
    • (1999) Development as Freedom
    • Sen, A.K.1
  • 14
    • 33845911172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking equal access: Agency, quality and norms
    • Ruger JP. Rethinking equal access: agency, quality and norms. J Global Public Health. 2007;2:78-96.
    • (2007) J Global Public Health , vol.2 , pp. 78-96
    • Ruger, J.P.1
  • 15
    • 0003412671 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press;
    • Daniels N. Just Health Care. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press; 1985.
    • (1985) Just Health Care
    • Daniels, N.1
  • 17
    • 0004048289 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press;
    • Rawls J. A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 1971.
    • (1971) A Theory of Justice
    • Rawls, J.1
  • 19
    • 33750617467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethics and governance of global health inequalities
    • Ruger JP. Ethics and governance of global health inequalities. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006;60:998-1003.
    • (2006) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.60 , pp. 998-1003
    • Ruger, J.P.1
  • 21
    • 33845887221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moral foundations of health insurance
    • Ruger JP. Moral foundations of health insurance. Q J Med. 2007;100:53-57.
    • (2007) Q J Med , vol.100 , pp. 53-57
    • Ruger, J.P.1
  • 22
    • 17044373623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Democracy and health
    • Ruger JP. Democracy and health. Q J Med. 2005;98:299-304.
    • (2005) Q J Med , vol.98 , pp. 299-304
    • Ruger, J.P.1
  • 24
    • 0019611147 scopus 로고
    • For and against equal access to health care
    • Gutmann A. For and against equal access to health care. Milbank Q. 1981;59:542-560.
    • (1981) Milbank Q , vol.59 , pp. 542-560
    • Gutmann, A.1
  • 25
    • 0021559716 scopus 로고
    • The right to decent minimization of health care
    • Buchanan AE. The right to decent minimization of health care. Philos Public Aff. 1984;13:55-78.
    • (1984) Philos Public Aff , vol.13 , pp. 55-78
    • Buchanan, A.E.1
  • 26
    • 0037264217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The myth of child rape as a cure for HIV/AIDS in Transkei: A case report
    • Meel B. The myth of child rape as a cure for HIV/AIDS in Transkei: a case report. Med Sci Law. 2003;43:85-88.
    • (2003) Med Sci Law , vol.43 , pp. 85-88
    • Meel, B.1
  • 27
    • 23944468584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Misperceiving the college drinking norm and related problems: A nationwide study of exposure to prevention information, perceived norms and student alcohol misuse
    • Perkins H, Haines M, Rice R. Misperceiving the college drinking norm and related problems: a nationwide study of exposure to prevention information, perceived norms and student alcohol misuse. J Stud Alcohol. 2005;66:470-478.
    • (2005) J Stud Alcohol , vol.66 , pp. 470-478
    • Perkins, H.1    Haines, M.2    Rice, R.3
  • 28
    • 0033762228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Students' estimates of the prevalence of drug use: Evidence for a false consensus effect
    • Wolfson S. Students' estimates of the prevalence of drug use: evidence for a false consensus effect. Psychol Addict Behav. 2000;14:295-298.
    • (2000) Psychol Addict Behav , vol.14 , pp. 295-298
    • Wolfson, S.1
  • 31
    • 0003579421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization;
    • World Health Report: Making a Difference. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1999.
    • (1999) World Health Report: Making a Difference
  • 32
    • 0031056546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost of care and administration at for-profit and other hospitals in the United States
    • Woolhander S, Himmelstein DU. Cost of care and administration at for-profit and other hospitals in the United States. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:769-774.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.336 , pp. 769-774
    • Woolhander, S.1    Himmelstein, D.U.2
  • 34
    • 0001821227 scopus 로고
    • Will we need to ration effective health care?
    • Brook RH, Lohr KN. Will we need to ration effective health care? Issues Sci Technol. 1986;3:68-77.
    • (1986) Issues Sci Technol , vol.3 , pp. 68-77
    • Brook, R.H.1    Lohr, K.N.2
  • 35
    • 0002241269 scopus 로고
    • The RAND/UCLA appropriateness method
    • McCormick KA, Moore SR, Siegel RA, eds, Rockville, MD: Agency for Health Care Policy and Research;, AHCPR publication 95-0009
    • Brook RH. The RAND/UCLA appropriateness method. In: McCormick KA, Moore SR, Siegel RA, eds. Clinical Practice Guideline Development: Methodology Perspectives. Rockville, MD: Agency for Health Care Policy and Research; 1994:59-70. AHCPR publication 95-0009.
    • (1994) Clinical Practice Guideline Development: Methodology Perspectives , pp. 59-70
    • Brook, R.H.1
  • 36
    • 0028411942 scopus 로고
    • Measuring the necessity of medical procedures
    • Kahan JP, Bernstein SJ, Leape LL, et al. Measuring the necessity of medical procedures. Med Care. 1994;32:357-365.
    • (1994) Med Care , vol.32 , pp. 357-365
    • Kahan, J.P.1    Bernstein, S.J.2    Leape, L.L.3
  • 37
    • 0003423053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at:, Accessed April 13, 2008
    • RAND/UCLA appropriateness method user's manual. Available at: http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1269/index.html. Accessed April 13, 2008.
    • RAND/UCLA appropriateness method user's manual
  • 38
    • 0033145005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using population-based data to enhance clinical practice guideline development
    • Black C, Peterson S, Mansfield J, Thlivens M. Using population-based data to enhance clinical practice guideline development. Med Care. 1999;37(suppl 6):JS254-JS263.
    • (1999) Med Care , vol.37 , Issue.SUPPL. 6
    • Black, C.1    Peterson, S.2    Mansfield, J.3    Thlivens, M.4
  • 41
    • 0031743091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing vancomycin use utilizing a computer guideline: Results of a randomized controlled trial
    • Shojania KG, Yokoe D, Platt R, Fiskio J, Ma'luf N, Bates DW. Reducing vancomycin use utilizing a computer guideline: results of a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 1998;5:554-562.
    • (1998) J Am Med Inform Assoc , vol.5 , pp. 554-562
    • Shojania, K.G.1    Yokoe, D.2    Platt, R.3    Fiskio, J.4    Ma'luf, N.5    Bates, D.W.6
  • 42
    • 0032081545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Center stage on the patient protection agenda: Grievance and appeal rights
    • Miller TE. Center stage on the patient protection agenda: grievance and appeal rights. J Law Med Ethics. 1998;26:89-99.
    • (1998) J Law Med Ethics , vol.26 , pp. 89-99
    • Miller, T.E.1
  • 43
    • 0028008529 scopus 로고
    • Rationing and the Americans with Disabilities Act
    • Orentlicher D. Rationing and the Americans with Disabilities Act. JAMA. 1994;271:308-314.
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.271 , pp. 308-314
    • Orentlicher, D.1
  • 44
    • 0026641228 scopus 로고
    • The problem of discrimination in health care priority setting
    • Hadorn DC. The problem of discrimination in health care priority setting. JAMA. 1992;268:423-441.
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.268 , pp. 423-441
    • Hadorn, D.C.1
  • 45
    • 0031459341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disability-adjusted life years: A critical review
    • Anand S, Hanson K. Disability-adjusted life years: a critical review. J Health Econ. 1997;6:685-702.
    • (1997) J Health Econ , vol.6 , pp. 685-702
    • Anand, S.1    Hanson, K.2
  • 46
    • 11844305098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Priority to the worse off in health care resource prioritization
    • Rhodes R, Battin MP, Silvers A, eds, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press;
    • Brock DW. Priority to the worse off in health care resource prioritization. In: Rhodes R, Battin MP, Silvers A, eds. Medicine and Social Justice. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 2002:362-372.
    • (2002) Medicine and Social Justice , pp. 362-372
    • Brock, D.W.1
  • 47
    • 0026947256 scopus 로고
    • Oregon's denial: Disabilities and quality of life
    • Menzel PT. Oregon's denial: disabilities and quality of life. Hastings Cent Rep. 1992;22(6):21-25.
    • (1992) Hastings Cent Rep , vol.22 , Issue.6 , pp. 21-25
    • Menzel, P.T.1
  • 48
    • 0027693776 scopus 로고
    • Of diagnoses and discrimination: Discriminatory nontreatment of infants with HIV infection
    • Crossley MA. Of diagnoses and discrimination: discriminatory nontreatment of infants with HIV infection. Columbia Law Rev. 1993;93:1581-1667.
    • (1993) Columbia Law Rev , vol.93 , pp. 1581-1667
    • Crossley, M.A.1
  • 50
    • 0035296268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Justice, health, and healthcare
    • Daniels N. Justice, health, and healthcare. Am J Bioeth. 2001;2:2-16.
    • (2001) Am J Bioeth , vol.2 , pp. 2-16
    • Daniels, N.1
  • 51
    • 0028678333 scopus 로고
    • Allocating health care morally
    • Elhauge E. Allocating health care morally. Calif Law Rev. 1994;82:1449-1544.
    • (1994) Calif Law Rev , vol.82 , pp. 1449-1544
    • Elhauge, E.1
  • 52
    • 53149117916 scopus 로고
    • USC §§12101-12213
    • USC §§12101-12213 (1994).
    • (1994)
  • 53
    • 53149083433 scopus 로고
    • USC §§701-797b
    • USC §§701-797(b) (1994).
    • (1994)
  • 55
    • 53149127345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maple Syrup Urine Disease Support Group Web site. Available at: http://www.msud-support.org/index.html. Accessed April 13, 2008. 56. American Thoracic Society. Withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:478-485.
    • Maple Syrup Urine Disease Support Group Web site. Available at: http://www.msud-support.org/index.html. Accessed April 13, 2008. 56. American Thoracic Society. Withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:478-485.
  • 56
    • 53149125381 scopus 로고
    • School Board v Arline, 480 US 273 (1987).
    • (1987) School Board v Arline , vol.480 , Issue.US , pp. 273
  • 58
    • 0024503430 scopus 로고
    • A consumer-choice health plan for the 1990s: Universal health insurance in a system designed to promote quality and economy
    • Enthoven A, Kronick R. A consumer-choice health plan for the 1990s: universal health insurance in a system designed to promote quality and economy. N Engl J Med. 1989;320:29-37.
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.320 , pp. 29-37
    • Enthoven, A.1    Kronick, R.2
  • 59
    • 0031728005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Universal coverage and cost control: The United Kingdom National Health Service
    • Maynard A, Bloor K. Universal coverage and cost control: the United Kingdom National Health Service. J Health Hum Serv Adm. 1998;20:441.
    • (1998) J Health Hum Serv Adm , vol.20 , pp. 441
    • Maynard, A.1    Bloor, K.2
  • 60
    • 66749161643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • online. Available at:, Accessed April 13, 2008
    • Kaiser Family Foundation. State health facts online. Available at: http://statehealthfacts.kff.org. Accessed April 13, 2008.
    • State health facts
  • 63
    • 0013440374 scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic status and health
    • Bunker JP, Kehrer BH, Gomby DS, eds, Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation;
    • Mechanic D. Socioeconomic status and health. In: Bunker JP, Kehrer BH, Gomby DS, eds. Pathways to Health: The Role of Social Factors. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation; 1989:9-26.
    • (1989) Pathways to Health: The Role of Social Factors , pp. 9-26
    • Mechanic, D.1
  • 64
    • 0025729816 scopus 로고
    • Coronary angiography after thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction
    • Topol EJ, Holmes DR, Rogers WJ. Coronary angiography after thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:877-885.
    • (1991) Ann Intern Med , vol.114 , pp. 877-885
    • Topol, E.J.1    Holmes, D.R.2    Rogers, W.J.3
  • 65
    • 0033572719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expert panel vs decision-analysis recommendations for postdischarge coronary angiography after myocardial infarction
    • Kuntz KM, Tsevat J, Weinstein MC, Goldman L. Expert panel vs decision-analysis recommendations for postdischarge coronary angiography after myocardial infarction. JAMA. 1999;282:2246-2251.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 2246-2251
    • Kuntz, K.M.1    Tsevat, J.2    Weinstein, M.C.3    Goldman, L.4
  • 66
    • 1542294242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why is there a quality chasm?
    • Newhouse JP. Why is there a quality chasm? Health Aff. 2002;21:13-25.
    • (2002) Health Aff , vol.21 , pp. 13-25
    • Newhouse, J.P.1
  • 68
    • 0345308788 scopus 로고
    • Cost-minimization analysis
    • Robinson R. Cost-minimization analysis. BMJ. 1993;307:686-689.
    • (1993) BMJ , vol.307 , pp. 686-689
    • Robinson, R.1
  • 69
    • 0031023134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic analysis of a randomized clinical trial to compare filgrastim-mobilized peripheral-blood-progenitor-cell transplantation and autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
    • Smith TJ, Hillner BE, Schmitz N, et al. Economic analysis of a randomized clinical trial to compare filgrastim-mobilized peripheral-blood-progenitor-cell transplantation and autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 1997;15:5-10.
    • (1997) J Clin Oncol , vol.15 , pp. 5-10
    • Smith, T.J.1    Hillner, B.E.2    Schmitz, N.3
  • 70
    • 0031834802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost analysis in obstetrics and gynecology
    • Gardner MO. Cost analysis in obstetrics and gynecology. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1998;41:296-306.
    • (1998) Clin Obstet Gynecol , vol.41 , pp. 296-306
    • Gardner, M.O.1
  • 72
    • 0032838146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost minimization analysis of CHOP, fludarabine, and rituximab for the treatment of relapsed indolent b-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the U.K
    • Sweetenham J, Hieke K, Kerrigan M, et al. Cost minimization analysis of CHOP, fludarabine, and rituximab for the treatment of relapsed indolent b-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the U.K. Br J Haematol. 1999;106:47-54.
    • (1999) Br J Haematol , vol.106 , pp. 47-54
    • Sweetenham, J.1    Hieke, K.2    Kerrigan, M.3
  • 73
    • 0343238899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Home or hospital for stroke rehabilitation? Results of a randomized controlled trial II: Cost minimization analysis at 6 months
    • Anderson C, Mhurchu CN, Rubenach S, Clark M, Spencer C, Winsor A. Home or hospital for stroke rehabilitation? Results of a randomized controlled trial II: cost minimization analysis at 6 months. Stroke. 2000;31:1032-1037.
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , pp. 1032-1037
    • Anderson, C.1    Mhurchu, C.N.2    Rubenach, S.3    Clark, M.4    Spencer, C.5    Winsor, A.6
  • 74
    • 0032812267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cost comparison of methohexital and propofol for ambulatory anesthesia
    • Sun R, Watcha MF, White PF, et al. A cost comparison of methohexital and propofol for ambulatory anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1999;89:311-316.
    • (1999) Anesth Analg , vol.89 , pp. 311-316
    • Sun, R.1    Watcha, M.F.2    White, P.F.3
  • 76
    • 0032905467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporating societal concerns for fairness in numerical valuations of health programmes
    • Nord E, Pinto JL, Richardson J, Menzel P, Ubel P. Incorporating societal concerns for fairness in numerical valuations of health programmes. Health Econ. 1999;8:25-39.
    • (1999) Health Econ , vol.8 , pp. 25-39
    • Nord, E.1    Pinto, J.L.2    Richardson, J.3    Menzel, P.4    Ubel, P.5
  • 77
    • 0030560778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QALYs and ethics: A health economist's perspective
    • Williams A. QALYs and ethics: a health economist's perspective. Soc Sci Med. 1996;43:1795-1804.
    • (1996) Soc Sci Med , vol.43 , pp. 1795-1804
    • Williams, A.1
  • 78
    • 0033527018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between for-profit hospital ownership and increased Medicare spending
    • Silverman EM, Skinner JS, Fisher ES. The association between for-profit hospital ownership and increased Medicare spending. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:420-426.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 420-426
    • Silverman, E.M.1    Skinner, J.S.2    Fisher, E.S.3
  • 79
    • 34247357447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are regional variations in end-of-life care intensity explained by patient preferences? A study of the US Medicare population
    • Barnato AE, Herndon MB, Anthony DL, et al. Are regional variations in end-of-life care intensity explained by patient preferences? A study of the US Medicare population. Med Care. 2007;45:386-393.
    • (2007) Med Care , vol.45 , pp. 386-393
    • Barnato, A.E.1    Herndon, M.B.2    Anthony, D.L.3
  • 80
    • 0036631768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achieving and sustaining improved quality: Lessons from New York State and cardiac surgery
    • Chassin MR. Achieving and sustaining improved quality: lessons from New York State and cardiac surgery. Health Aff. 2002;21:40-51.
    • (2002) Health Aff , vol.21 , pp. 40-51
    • Chassin, M.R.1
  • 81
    • 0344646776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is technological change in medicine worth it?
    • Cutler DM, McClellan M. Is technological change in medicine worth it? Health Aff. 2001;20:11-29.
    • (2001) Health Aff , vol.20 , pp. 11-29
    • Cutler, D.M.1    McClellan, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.