Tourmaline associations with hydrothermal ore deposits

Reviews in Mineralogy

Volumn 33, Issue , 1996, Pages 558-643

  Slack, John F ^a  

^a U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 5244295038     PISSN: 02750279     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (549)

1. Abraham K, Mielke H, Povondra P (1972) On the enrichment of tourmaline in metamorphic sediments of the Arzberg Series, W. Germany (NE Bavaria). N Jahrb Mineral Monat 5:209-219
2. Adshead ND (1994) Epigenetic ironstone associated Cu-Au mineralization at the Osborne deposit, Cloncurry district, Queensland, Australia. Geol Soc Am Abstr Programs 26(7):A380
3. Ague JJ (1994) Mass transfer during Barrovian metamorphism of pelites, south-central Connecticut. I: Evidence for changes in composition and volume. Am J Sci 294:989-1057
4. Ahlfeld F, Schneider-Scherbina A (1964) Los yacimientos minerales y de hidrocarburos de Bolivia. Dept Nacional Geol Bolivia Bol 5
5. Akçay M (1994) Genesis of the stibnite-cinnabar-scheelite deposits of the Gümüsler area, Nigde, central Turkey and implications on their gold potential. PhD dissertation, Univ Leicester, Leicester, UK
6. Akçay M, Moore CJ, Scott BC (1995) Fluid inclusions and chemistry of tourmalines from the Gümüsler Sb-Hg±W deposits of the Nigde massif (central Turkey). Chem Erde 55:225-236
7. Aleksandrov SM (1985) Geochemistry and mineralogy of tin and boron in skarn deposits. In: High heat-production (HHP) granites, hydrothermal circulation and ore genesis, Inst Min Metall, London, p 425-435
8. Alexander JB (1968) Geology and mineral resources of the Bentong area, Pahang. Geol Surv Malaysia, Dist Mem 8
9. Allman-Ward P, Halls C, Rankin A, Bristow CM (1982) An intrusive hydrothermal breccia body at Wheal Remfry in the western part of the St Austell granite pluton, Cornwall, England. In: AM Evans (ed) Metallization associated with acid magmatism, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, p 1-28
10. Ambrus J (1977) Geology of the El Abra porphyry copper deposit, Chile. Econ Geol 72:1062-1085
11. Anderson AL (1947) Cobalt mineralization in the Blackbird district, Lemhi County, Idaho. Econ Geol 42:22-46
12. Andriessen PAM, Hebeda EH, Simon OJ, Verschure RH (1991) Tourmaline K-Ar ages compared to other radiometric dating systems in Alpine anatectic leucosomes and metamorphic rocks (Cyclades and southern Spain). Chem Geol 91:33-48
13. Anglin CD (1990) Sm/Nd isotopic analyses of scheelite and tourmaline from Val d'Or gold deposits (abstr). In: F Robert, PA Sheahan, SB Green (eds) Greenstone gold and crustal evolution (NUNA Conf Volume), Geol Assoc Canada, p 129-131
14. Annis MP, Slack JF, Rolph AL (1983) Stratabound massive sulphide deposits of the Elizabeth mine, Orange County, Vermont. In: DF Sangster (ed) Field trip guidebook to stratabound sulphide deposits, Bathurst area, N.B., Canada and west-central New England, U.S.A. Geol Surv Canada Misc Rept 36, p 41-51
15. Ansdell KM, Kyser TK (1991) The geochemistry and fluid history of the Proterozoic Laurel Lake Au-Ag deposit, Flin Flon greenstone belt. Canadian J Earth Sci 28:155-171
16. Ansdell KM, Kyser TK (1992) Mesothermal gold mineralization in a Proterozoic greenstone belt: Western Flin Flon domain, Saskatchewan, Canada. Econ Geol 87:1496-1524
17. Appel PWU (1988) Stratiform tourmalinites in the Archaean tungsten province of West Greenland. Mineral Petrol 39:79-91
18. Appel PWU (1992) Tourmalinites in supracrustal rocks in the Bjornesund area, West Greenland. Rapp Gronlands Geol Unders 155:73-78
19. Appel PWU (1994) Stratabound scheelite in altered Archean komatiites, West Greenland. Mineralium Deposits 29:341-352
20. Appel PWU (1995) Tourmalinites in the 3800 Ma old Isua supracrustal belt, West Greenland. Precam Res 72:227-234
21. Appel PWU, Garde AA (1987) Stratabound scheelite and stratiform tourmalinites in the Archaean Malene supracrustal rocks, southern West Greenland. Gronlands Geol Unders Bull 156
22. Appleby A-K, Williams PJ (1988) Epigenetic tourmalinite and arsenopyrite in the aureole of the Leinster batholith, SE Ireland. Mineralium Deposita 23:247-255
23. Arancibia ON, Clark AH (1996) Early magnetite-amphibole-plagioclase alteration-mineralization at Island Copper, British Columbia. Econ Geol 91 (in press)
24. Argast S, Donnelly TW (1987) The chemical discrimination of clastic sedimentary components. J Sed Petrol 57:813-823
25. Arribas-Rosado A (1986) The significance of tourmaline in stratabound tungsten deposits in Spain (abstr). Abstr Gisements tungstene, Toulouse, France, p 33
26. Ashley PM, Billington WG, Graham RL, Neale RC (1978) Geology of the Coalstoun porphyry copper prospect, southeast Queensland, Australia. Econ Geol 73:945-965
27. Augustithis SS (1967) On the textures and paragenesis of the gold-quartz-tourmaline veins of Ondonoc, W.-Ethiopia. Mineralium Deposita 3:48-55
28. Ayuso RA, Ratté CA (1990) Epigenetic uranium mineralization in the Middle Proterozoic Mount Holly Complex near Ludlow and Jamaica, Vermont. In: JF Slack (ed) Summary results of the Glens Falls CUSMAP project, New York, Vermont, and New Hampshire, US Geol Surv Bull 1887, p P1-P11
29. Badenhorst FP (1988) A note on stratiform tourmalinites in the Late Proterozoic Kuiseb Formation, Damara Sequence. Commun Geol Surv South West Africa/Namibia 4:67-70
30. Bajwah ZU, White AJR, Kwak TAP, Price RC (1995) The Renison granite, northwestern Tasmania: A petrological, geochemical and fluid inclusion study of hydrothermal alteration. Econ Geol 90:1663-1675
31. Baker EM, Andrew AS (1991) Geologic, fluid inclusion, and stable isotope studies of the gold-bearing breccia pipe at Kidston, Queensland, Australia. Econ Geol 86:810-830
32. Ball TK, Basham IR, Michie UM (1982) Uraniferous vein occurrences of south-west England - Paragenesis and genesis. In: Vein-type and similar uranium deposits in rocks younger than Proterozoic, Int'l Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, p 113-158
33. Bandyopadhyay BK, Slack JF, Palmer MR, Roy A (1993) Tourmalinites associated with stratabound massive sulphide deposits in the Proterozoic Sakoli Group, Nagpur district, central India. In: YT Maurice (ed) Proc Eighth Quad IAGOD Symp, E Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, p 867-885
34. Bardoux M, Goulet N, Morin D, Jébrak M (1994) Tectonostratigraphie et minéralisations en or de la zone tectonique de Cadillac à la mine McWatters. In: J-F Couture, P Pilote (eds) Gîtologie des gisements d'or du district de Rouyn-Noranda: Étude récentes, Québec Ministère Energie Res, DV 92-07, p 1-31
35. Barnes RG (1983) Stratiform and stratabound tungsten mineralisation in the Broken Hill block, N.S.W. J Geol Soc Australia 30:225-239
36. Barrett TJ, Jarvis I, Longstaffe FJ, Farquhar R (1988) Geochemical aspects of hydrothermal sediments in the eastern Pacific Ocean: An update. Canadian Mineral 26:841-858
37. Barrett TJ, Cattalani S, MacLean WH (1993) Volcanic lithogeochemistry and alteration at the Delbridge massive sulfide deposit, Noranda, Quebec. J Geochem Expl 48:135-173
38. Barron LJ, Stroud WJ (1986) The Department of Mineral Resources Broken Hill geochemical data base. New South Wales Geol Surv Rept GS 1986/160
39. Barth V (1960) Devonian volcanism of the Sternberk-Horní Benesov belt in Nízkém Jeseníku. Acta Univ Palack Olomuc, Fac Rerum Natur, Geogr-Geol 1:5-131 [in Czech]
40. Barth WH (1988) Compositional variation of zoned tourmalines associated with Sn-W mineralisation. Geol Soc Australia Abstr 21:439-440
41. Bateman AM (1950) Economic mineral deposits. John Wiley & Sons, New York
42. Baumann L (1970) Tin deposits of the Erzgebirge. Trans Inst Min Metall 79:B68-B75
43. Baumann L (1994) Ore paragenesis of the Erzgebirge - History, results and problems. In: K von Gehlen, DD Klemm (eds) Mineral deposits of the Erzgebirge/Krusné hory (Germany/Czech Republic), Monogr Ser Mineral Deposits 31:25-46
44. Beaty DW, Hahn GA, Threlkeld WE (1988) Field, isotopic, and chemical studies of tourmaline-bearing rocks in the Belt-Purcell Supergroup: Genetic constraints and exploration significance for Sullivan type ore deposits. Canadian J Earth Sci 25:392-402
45. Beaudoin G, Sangster DF (1992) A descriptive model for silver-lead-zinc veins in clastic metasedimentary terrenes. Econ Geol 87:1005-1021
46. Behr H-J, Ahrendt H, Martin H, Porada H, Rohrs J, Weber K (1983) Sedimentology and mineralogy of Upper Proterozoic playa-lake deposits in the Damara orogen. In: H Martin, FW Eder (eds) Intracontinental fold belts, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 577-610
47. Benvenuti M, Lattanzi P, Tanelli G (1989) Tourmalinite-associated Pb-Zn-Ag mineralization at Bottino, Apuane Alps, Italy: Geologic setting, mineral textures, and sulfide chemistry. Econ Geol 84:1277-1292
48. Benvenuti M, Costagliola P, Lattanzi P, Tanelli G (1991) Mineral chemistry of tourmalines from the Bottino mining district, Apuane Alps (Italy). Eur J Mineral 3:537-548
49. Bhattacharya HN, Chatterjee A, Chowdhury S (1992) Tourmalinite from Cu-U belt of Singhbhum, Bihar, India. J Geol Soc India 39:191-195
50. Bindeman NN (1962) Types of hypogene mineralization in the region of Shilka-Arbagar and Novoberezovskaya depressions (eastern Transbaikalia). Geol Rud Mestorozh Petrog Mineral 4:45-55 [in Russian]
51. Black PM (1971) Tourmalines from Cuvier Island, New Zealand. Mineral Mag 38:374-376
52. Blake DH (1972) Regional and economic geology of the Herberton-Mount Garnet area, Herberton tinfield, north Queensland. Bur Mineral Res Australia Bull 124
53. Boerboom TJ (1989) Tourmaline in Early Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks near Philbrook, northeastern Todd County, central Minnesota. Minn Geol Surv Rept Invest 38
54. Bone Y (1988) The geological setting of tourmalinite at Rum Jungle, N.T., Australia - Genetic and economic implications. Mineralium Deposita 23:34-41
55. Borodaevskaya MB, Rozhkov IS (1977) Deposits of gold. In: VI Smirnov (ed) Ore deposits of the USSR, III, Pitman Publishing, London, p 3-81
56. Boström K, Peterson MNA (1969) The origin of aluminum-poor ferromanganoan sediments in areas of high heat flow on the East Pacific Rise. Marine Geol 7:427-447
57. Bottrell SH, Yardley BWD (1988) The composition of a primary granite-derived ore fluid from S.W. England, determined by fluid inclusion analysis. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 52:585-588
58. Dower B, Payne J, DeLong C, Rebagliati CM (1995) The oxide-gold, supergene and hypogene zones at the Casino gold-copper-molybdenum deposit, west central Yukon. In: TG Schroeder (ed) Porphyry deposits of the northwestern Cordillera of North America. Can Inst Min Metall Petrol, Spec Vol 46:352-366
59. Bowers TS, Taylor HP Jr (1985) An integrated chemical and stable-isotope model of the origin of midocean ridge hot spring systems. J Geophys Res 90(B):12583-12606
60. Bowman JK (1983) Geology and mineralization of the Meadow Lake mining district, Nevada County, California. MS thesis, California State Univ, Hayward, CA
61. Boyle RW (1965) Geology, geochemistry, and origin of the lead-zinc-silver deposits of the Keno Hill-Galena Hill area, Yukon Territory. Geol Surv Canada Bull 111
62. Boyle RW (1971) Boron and boron minerals as indicators of mineral deposits (abstr). In: RW Boyle (ed) Geochemical exploration 1971. Canadian Inst Min Metall Spec Vol 11:112
63. Bray CJ, Spooner ETC (1983) Sheeted vein Sn-W mineralization and greisenization associated with economic kaolinization, Goonbarrow china clay pit, St. Austell, Cornwall, England: Geologic relationships and geochronology. Econ Geol 78:1064-1089
64. de Brodtkorb MK, Pezzutti N, Brodtkorb A, Schidlowski M (1985) Tourmaline schists and their relationship to Precambrian scheelite deposits from the San Luis Province, Argentina. In: K Germann (ed) Geochemical aspects of ore formation in recent and fossil sedimentary environments. Monogr Ser Mineral Deposits 25:151-160
65. de Brodtkorb MK, Fernández RR, Pezzutti N, Ametrano SJ (1995) Exhalites associated with scheelite deposits in Argentina. In: J Pasava, B Kríbek, K Zák (eds) Mineral deposits: From their origin to their environmental impacts. Proc 3rd Biennial SGA Mtg, Prague, AA Balkema, Rotterdam, p 221-224
66. Bromley AV, Holl J (1986) Tin mineralisation in southwest England. In: BA Wills, RW Barley (eds) Mineral processing at a crossroads: Problems and prospects. Proc NATO Advanced Study Inst, Ser E, Applied Sci 117:195-262, Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht
67. Brown CE, Ayuso RA (1985) Significance of tourmaline-rich rocks in the Grenville Complex of St. Lawrence County, New York. US Geol Surv Bull 1626-C
68. Butler BS (1913) Geology and ore deposits of the San Francisco and adjacent districts, Utah. US Geol Surv Prof Paper 80
69. Butterfield DA, McDuff RE, Franklin J, Wheat CG (1994) Geochemistry of hydrothermal vent fluids from Middle Valley, Juan de Fuca Ridge. In: MJ Mottl, EE Davis, AT Fisher, JF Slack (eds) Proc Ocean Drilling Program, Sci Results, Ocean Drilling Program. College Station, Texas, 139:395-410
70. Byerly GR, Palmer MR (1991) Tourmaline mineralization in the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa: Early Archean metasomatism by evaporite-derived boron. Contrib Mineral Petrol 107:387-402
71. Cameron J (1982) Mineralogical aspects and origin of the uranium in the vein deposits of Portugal. In: Vein-type and similar uranium deposits in rocks younger than Proterozoic. Int'l Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, p 349-371
72. Campbell AC, German CR, Palmer MR, Gamo T, Edmond JM (1994) Chemistry of hydrothermal fluids from Escanaba Trough, Gorda Ridge. In: JL Morton, RA Zierenberg, CA Reiss (eds) Geologic, hydrothermal, and biologic studies at Escanaba Trough, Gorda Ridge, offshore northern California. US Geol Surv Bull 2022, p 201-221
73. Camus F (1975) Geology of the El Teniente orebody with emphasis on wall-rock alteration. Econ Geol 70:1341-1372
74. Card KD, Poulsen KH, Robert F (1989) The Archean Superior Province of the Canadian Shield and its lode gold deposits. In: RR Keays, WRH Ramsay, DI Groves (eds) The geology of gold deposits: The perspective in 1988. Econ Geol Monogr 6:19-36
75. Carlson SR, Sawkins FJ (1980) Mineralogic and fluid inclusion studies of the Turmalina Cu-Mo-bearing breccia pipe, northern Peru. Econ Geol 75:1233-1238
76. Carstens CW (1927) Über das Auftreten von Turmalin in Norwegischen Kiesvorkommen. Norsk Geol Tidssk 9:331-336
77. Carstens CW (1942) Turmalin und flußspat als Bestandteile von Schwefelkieserz. Det Kong Norske Viden Selskab Forhand 15:13-16
78. Carten RB (1986) Sodium-calcium metasomatism: Chemical, temporal, and spatial relationships at the Yerington, Nevada, porphyry copper deposit. Econ Geol 81:1495-1519
79. Casselman MJ, McMillan WJ, Newman KM (1995) Highland Valley porphyry copper deposits near Kamloops, British Columbia: A review and update with emphasis on the Valley deposit. In: TG Schroeter (ed) Porphyry deposits of the northwestern Cordillera of North America. Canadian Inst Min Metall Petrol, Spec Vol 46:161-191
80. Cavarretta G, Puxeddu M (1990) Schorl-dravite-ferridravite tourmalines deposited by hydrothermal magmatic fluids during early evolution of the Larderello geothermal field, Italy. Econ Geol 85:1236-1251
81. Chaoquin Y (1982) Mineralization of the composite greisen-stockwork-skarn type W (scheelite-wolframite)-Bi-Mo deposit of Shizhuyuan, Dongpo, S. Hunnan, China. In: JV Hepworth, HZ Yu (eds) Symposium on tungsten geology, Jiangxi, China. Geol Publ House, Beijing
82. Charoy B (1982) Tourmalinization in Cornwall, England. In: AM Evans (ed) Mineralization associated with acid magmatism. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, p 63-70
83. Chayes F (1960) On correlation between variables of constant sum. J Geophys Res 65:4185-4193
84. Chauris L (1980) Les gisements d'Abbaretz et de Saint-Renan (Massif armoricain). Bur Rech Géol Minières Mém 112
85. Chauris L (1992) Granites à tourmaline et tourmalinites de l'Ile d'Ouessant. Contribution à l'étude de la tourmalinisation liée aux intrusions granitiques. Bull Soc Sci Natur l'Ouest France 14:85-97
86. Chen Y, Clark AH, Farrar E, Wasteneys HAHP, Hodgson MJ, Bromley AV (1993) Diachronous and independent histories of plutonism and mineralization in the Cornubian batholith, southwest England. J Geol Soc [London] 150:1183-1191
87. Chemyshov NM, Myasnyankin VI (1992) Gold potential of the early Precambrian greenstone structures of the KMA. Int'l Geol Rev 33:639-651
88. Chevillon CV, Norris JR (1986) Syngenetic gold mineralization in metamorphic rocks of the Mojave Destert [sic] region, California and Arizona (abstr). In: B Beatty, PAK Wilkinson (eds) Frontiers in geology and ore deposits of Arizona and the southwest, Ariz Geol Soc Digest 16:465
89. Chi G, Guha J, Lu H-Z (1993) Separation mechanism in the formation of proximal and distal tin polymetallic deposits, Xinlu ore field, southern China - Evidence from fluid inclusion data. Econ Geol 88:916-933
90. Chown EH (1987) Tourmalinites in the Aphebian Mistassini Group, Quebec. Canadian J Earth Sci 24:826-830
91. Chown EH, Hicks J, Phillips, GN, Townend R (1984) The disseminated Archaean Big Bell gold deposit, Murchison Province, Western Australia: An example of pre-metamorphic hydrothermal alteration. In: RP Foster (ed) Gold '82: The geology, geochemistry and genesis of gold deposits. AA Balkema, Rotterdam, p 305-324
92. Clark AH (1990) The slump breccias of the Toquepala porphyry Cu(-Mo) deposit, Peru: Implications for fragment rounding in hydrothermal breccias. Econ Geol 85:1677-1685
93. Clark AH (1993) Are outsize porphyry copper deposits either anatomically or environmentally distinctive? In: BH Whiting, CJ Hodgson, R Mason (eds) Giant ore deposits. Soc Econ Geol Spec Publ 2:213-283
94. Clark AH, Palma VV, Archibald DA, Farrar E, Arenas MJ, Robertson RCR (1983) Occurrence and age of tin mineralization in the Cordillera Oriental, southern Peru. Econ Geol 78:514-520
95. Clarke DB, Reardon NC, Chatterjee AK, Gregorie DC (1989) Tourmaline composition as a guide to mineral exploration: A reconnaissance study from Nova Scotia using discriminant function analysis. Econ Geol 84:1921-1935
96. Cleland JM, Morey GB, McSwiggen PL (1996) Significance of tourmaline-rich rocks in the North Range Group of the Cuyuna Iron Range, east-central Minnesota. Econ Geol 91 (in press)
97. Cole TG, Shaw HF (1983) The nature and origin of authigenic smectites in some Recent marine sediments. Clay Minerals 18:239-252
98. Collins PLF (1981) The geology and genesis of the Cleveland tin deposit, western Tasmania: Fluid inclusion and stable isotope studies. Econ Geol 76:365-392
99. Conway CM (1986) Field guide to Early Proterozoic strata that host massive sulfide deposits at Bagdad, Arizona. In: JD Nations, CM Conway, GA Swann (eds) Geology of central and northern Arizona. Geol Soc Am Guidebook (Rocky Mtn Sect), p 104-157
100. Cox R, Dronseika EV (1988) The Cleveland stratabound tin deposits, Tasmania, Australia: A review of their economic geology, exploration, evaluation and production. In: CS Hutchison (ed) Geology of tin deposits in Asia and the Pacific. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 112-123
101. Crocker IT (1986) The Zaaiplaats tinfield, Potgietersrus district. In: CR Anhaeusser, S Maske (eds) Mineral deposits of southern Africa, II. Geol Soc S Africa, p 1287-1299
102. Crowe DE, Ignatiev AV (1993) Geology and geochemistry of the Dalnegorsk borosilicate skarn deposit, Far East Russia Geol Soc Am Abstr Programs 25:A403
103. Cunningham WB, Höll R, Taupitz KC (1973) Two new tungsten bearing horizons in the older Precambrian of Rhodesia. Mineralium Deposita 8:200-203
104. Cyr JB, Pease RB, Schroeter TG (1984) Geology and mineralization at Equity silver mine. Econ Geol 79:947-968
105. Darnley AG (1960) Petrology of some Rhodesian copperbelt orebodies and associated rocks. Trans Inst Min Metall 69:137-173
106. Davidson GJ, Large RR (1994) Gold metallogeny and the copper-gold association of the Australian Proterozoic. Mineralium Deposita 29:208-223
107. Davidson GJ, Large RR, Kary GL, Osborne R (1989) The deformed iron-formation-hosted Starra and Trough Tank Au-Cu mineralization: A new association from the Proterozoic Eastern Succession of Mount Isa, Australia. In: RR Keays, WRH Ramsay, DI Groves (eds) The geology of gold deposits: The perspective in 1988. Econ Geol Monogr 6:135-150
108. Davies JF, Whitehead RE (1994) Molar ratios in the study of unaltered and hydrothermally altered greywackes and shales. Chem Geol 111:85-100
109. Davis GR (1954) The origin of the Roan Antelope copper deposit of northern Rhodesia. Econ Geol 49:575-615
110. Day WC, Tosdal RM, Acosta EL, Aruspon JC, Carvajal L, Cedeño E, Lowry G, Martinez LF, Noriega JA, Nuñez FJ, Rojas J, Prieto F (1995) Geology of the Lo Increíble mining district and U-Pb age of the Early Proterozoic Yuruari Formation of the Pastora Supergroup, Guayana Shield, Venezuela. In: GB Sidder, AE García, JW Stoeser (eds) Geology and mineral deposits of the Venezuelan Guayana Shield,. US Geol Surv Bull 2124, p E1-E13
111. Deer WA, Howie RA, Zussman J (1986) Rock-forming minerals, volume 1B, disilicates and ring silicates. 2nd ed, Longman Scientific & Technical, Essex, UK
112. Delaney GD (1991) Footwall fragmentais: A key to understanding the evolution of the feeder system to the Sullivan orebody (abstr). Geol Soc Canadian Inst Min Metall, First Annual Field Conf, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, p 37-38
113. Derkey RE, Matsueda H (1987) Gold mineralization related to emplacement of the Boulder Batholith, Montana. In: RB Berg, RH Breuninger, compilers, Guidebook of the Helena area, west-central Montana. Montana Bur Mines Geol, Spec Publ 95, p 57-59
114. Dickinson SB (1953) The Moonta and Wallaroo copper mines. In: AB Edwards (ed) Geology of Australian ore deposits. Fifth Empire Min Metall Congress. Australas Inst Min Metall, Melbourne, p 487-504
115. Dietrich RV (1985) The tourmaline group. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
116. Dilles JH, Einaudi MT (1992) Wall-rock alteration and hydrothermal flow paths about the Ann-Mason porphyry copper deposit, Nevada - A 6-km vertical reconstruction. Econ Geol 87:1963-2001
117. Dimo G (1990) Telfer gold deposits. In: FE Hughes (ed) Geology of the mineral deposits of Australia and Papua New Guinea. Australas Inst Min Metall Monogr 14:643-651
118. Dines HG (1956) The metalliferous mining region of south-west England. Mem Geol Surv Great Britain
119. Dirom GE, Dittrick MP, McArthur DR, Ogryzlo PL, Pardoe AJ, Stothart PG (1995) Bell and Granisle porphyry copper-gold mines, Babine region, west-central British Columbia. In: TG Schroeter (ed) Porphyry deposits of the northwestern Cordillera of North America, Canadian Inst Min Metall Petrol, Spec Vol 46:256-289
120. Dobson DC (1982) Geology and alteration of the Lost River tin-tungsten-fluorine deposit, Alaska. Econ Geol 77:1033-1052
121. Doebrich JL, Garside LJ, Shawe DR (1996) Characterization of mineral deposits in rocks of the Triassic to Jurassic magmatic arc of western Nevada and eastern California. US Geol Surv Open-File Rept 96-9
122. Dommanget A, Diallo M, Guilloux L (1985) Un nouveau type de gisement d'or, Loulo (Mali). Chron Recherche Minière 481:5-18
123. Dommanget A, Milesi JP, Diallo M (1993) The Loulo gold and tourmaline-bearing deposit: A polymorph type in the Early Proterozoic of Mali (West Africa). Mineralium Deposita 28:253-263
124. Drew LJ, Berger BR, Kurbanov NK (1996) Geology and structural evolution of the Muruntau gold deposit, Kyzylkum desert, Uzbekistan. Ore Geol Rev 11 (in press)
125. Dubé B, Guha J (1993) Factors controlling the occurrence of ferro-axinite within Archean gold-copper-rich quartz veins: Cooke mine, Chibougamau area, Abitibi greenstone belt. Canadian Mineral 31:905-916
126. Einaudi MT, Meinert LD, Newberry RJ (1981) Skarn deposits. In: BJ Skinner (ed) Economic Geology 75th Anniv Vol, p 317-391
127. Elderfield H, Greaves MJ, Rudnicki MD, Hydes DJ (1993) Aluminum reactivity in hydrothermal plumes at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. J Geophys Res 98B:9667-9670
128. Ellis AJ (1979) Explored geothermal systems. In: HL Barnes (ed) Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits, 2nd ed, John Wiley & Sons, New York, p 632-683
129. Ellis AJ, Sewell JR (1963) Boron in waters and rocks of New Zealand hydrothermal areas. New Zealand J Sci 6:589-606
130. Epprecht Wth, Schaller WT, Vlisidis AC (1959) Über Wiserit, Sussexit und ein weiteres Mineral aus den Manganerzen vom Gonzen (bei Sargans). Schweiz mineral petrogr Mitt 39:85-104
131. Ethier VG, Campbell FA (1977) Tourmaline concentrations in Proterozoic sediments of the southern Cordillera of Canada and their economic significance. Canadian J Earth Sci 14:2348-2363
132. Eugster HP (1980) Geochemistry of evaporitic lacustrine deposits. Ann Rev Earth Planet Sci 8:35-63
133. Eugster HP, Jones BF (1968) Gels composed of sodium-aluminum silicate, Lake Magadi, Kenya. Science 161:160-163.
134. Eugster HP, Wright TL (1960) Synthetic hydrous boron micas. US Geol Surv Prof Paper 400:B441-B442
135. Faick JN (1958) Geology of the Ord mine, Mazatzal Mountains quicksilver district, Arizona. US Geol Surv Bull 1042-R
136. Farmer CB, Halls C (1993) Paragenetic evolution of cassiterite-bearing lodes at South Crofty mine, Cornwall, United Kingdom. In: YT Maurice (ed) Proc 8th Quad IAGOD Symp, E Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, p 365-381
137. Fedorowich J, Stauffer M, Kerrich R (1991) Structural setting and fluid characteristics of the Proterozoic Tartan Lake gold deposit, Trans-Hudson orogen, northern Manitoba. Econ Geol 86:1434-1467
138. o50′.N: Particle distribution and composition. Earth Planet Sci Lett 128:19-36
139. Fernández A F, Moro MC B (1992) Las turmalinitas estratiformes Ordovicicas de Latedo en el flanco s del sinforme de Alcañices (Zamora). Estudios Geol [Madrid] 48:31-41
140. Ferry JM (1994) Overview of the petrologic record of fluid flow during regional metamorphism in northern New England. Am J Sci 294:905-988
141. Fieremans M, De Paepe P (1982) Genesis of tourmalinites from Belgium: Petrographical and chemical evidence. Mineral Mag 46:95-102
142. Fleischer R, Routhier P (1973) The "consanguinous" origin of a tourmaline-bearing gold deposit: Passagem de Mariana (Brazil). Econ Geol 68:11-22
143. Fleischer R, Vial DS (1991) Surface and underground geological excursion around and in the Passagem de Mariana gold mine, Minas Gerais, Brazil. US Geol Surv Bull 1980-A:A49-A62
144. Fletcher CJN (1977) The geology, mineralization, and alteration of Ilkwang mine, Republic of Korea. A Cu-W-bearing tourmaline breccia pipe. Econ Geol 72:753-768
145. Forsythe DL, Higgins NC (1990) Mount Carbine tungsten deposit. In: FE Hughes (ed) Geology of the mineral deposits of Australia and Papua New Guinea. Australas Inst Min Metall Monogr 14:1557-1560
146. Fortey NJ, Cooper DC (1986) Tourmalinization in the Skiddaw Group around Crummock Water, English Lake district. Mineral Mag 50:17-26
147. Foster RP, Piper DP (1993) Archaean lode gold deposits in Africa: Crustal setting, metallogenesis and cratonization. Ore Geol Rev 8:303-347
148. Fouillac AM, Dommanget A, Milesi JP (1993) A carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and sulfur isotopic study of the gold mineralization at Loulo, Mali. Chem Geol 106:47-62
149. Foxford KA, Nicholson R, Polya DA (1991) Textural evolution of W-Cu-Sn-bearing hydrothermal veins at Minas da Panasqueira, Portugal. Mineral Mag 55:435-445
150. France-Lanord C, Sheppard SMF, Le Fort P (1988) Hydrogen and oxygen isotope variations in the High Himalaya peraluminous Manaslu leucogranite: Evidence for heterogeneous sedimentary source. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 52:513-526
151. Franklin JM (1993) Volcanic-associated massive sulphide deposits. In: RV Kirkham, WD Sinclair, RI Thorpe, JM Duke (eds) Mineral deposit modeling, Geol Assoc Canada Spec Paper 40, p 315-334
152. Freeze AC (1966) On the origin of the Sullivan orebody, Kimberley, B.C. In: Tectonic history and mineral deposits of the western Cordillera. Canadian Inst Min Metall, Spec Vol 8, p 263-294
153. Frietsch R (1985) The Lannavaara iron ores, northern Sweden. Sveriges Geol Unders C807
154. 3 solution, and its implications in rock metamorphism. Am Mineral 42:754-758
155. Fryklund VC Jr (1964) Ore deposits of the Coeur d'Alene district, Shoshone County, Idaho. US Geol Surv Prof Paper 445
156. Fu M, Kwak TAP, Mernagh TP (1993) Fluid inclusion studies of zoning in the Dachang tin-polymetallic ore field, People's Republic of China. Econ Geol 88:283-300
157. Fuchs Y (1987) Zonalité des différents types de tourmaline dans le système hydrothermal de Novazza (Alpes Bergamasques, Italie du Nord). Comptes Rendus Acad Sci Paris 305(II):1507-1510
158. Fuchs Y (1989) Hydrothermal alteration at the Novazza volcanic field and its relation to the U-Mo-Zn Novazza deposit, northern Italy. In: Metallogenesis of uranium deposits. Int'l Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, p 137-151
159. Fuchs Y, Lagache M (1994) La transformation chlorite-tourmaline en milieu hydrothermal, exemples naturels et approche expérimentale. Comptes Rendus Acad Sci Paris 319(II):907-913
160. Fuchs Y, Maury R (1995) Borosilicate alteration associated with U-Mo-Zn and Ag-Au-Zn deposits in volcanic rocks. Mineralium Deposita 30:449-459
161. Fulp MS, Renshaw JL (1985) Volcanogenic-exhalative tungsten mineralization of Proterozoic age near Santa Fe, New Mexico, and implications for exploration. Geology 13:66-69
162. Gaál G, Parkkinen J (1993) Early Proterozoic ophiolite-hosted copper-zinc-cobalt deposits of the Outokumpu type. In: RV Kirkham, WD Sinclair, RI Thorpe, JM Duke (eds) Mineral deposit modeling, Geol Assoc Canada Spec Paper 40, p 335-341
163. Gaál G, Front K, Aro K (1981) Geochemical exploration of a Precambrian batholith, source of a Cu-W mineralization of the tourmaline breccia in southern Finland. J Geochem Expl 15:683-698
164. Garba I (1996) Tourmalinization related to Late Proterozoic-early Palaeozoic lode gold mineralization in the Bin Yauri area, Nigeria. Mineralium Deposita 31:201-209
165. Garlick WG (1972) Sedimentary environment of Zambian copper deposition. Geol Mijnbouw 51:277-298
166. Gaumond A (1986) Le gîte d'or New Pascalis, Canton de Louvicourt, P.Q.: Structure, minéralogie et altération associée aux veines. MSc thesis, École Polytechnique, Montréal, Québec
167. Ge C, Sun H, Zhou T (1990) Copper deposits of China. In: Mineral deposits of China, 1. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, p 1-106
168. Gebert H (1988) Geological setting and genesis of primary cassiterite and scheelite mineralization in the Nam Mae Lao Valley, Chiang Rai Province, northern Thailand. In: CS Hutchison (ed) Geology of tin deposits in Asia and the Pacific. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 629-648
169. Gilbertson LA (1994) Geochemical, optical, and X-ray diffraction studies of tourmalines in Washington and Oregon: Discrimination between mineralized and barren occurrences. MS thesis, Western Washington Univ, Bellingham, WA
170. Gilluly J, Reed JC, Park CF Jr (1933) Some mining districts of eastern Oregon. US Geol Surv Bull 846-A
171. Gobeil A, Racicot D (1984) Chibougamau: Histoire et minéralisations. In: J Guha, EH Chown (eds) Chibougamau - Stratigraphy and mineralization. Canadian Inst Min Metall Spec Vol 34, p 261-270
172. Goellnicht NM, Groves DI, McNaughton NJ, Dimo G (1989) An epigenetic origin for the Telfer gold deposit, Western Australia. In: RR Keays, WRH Ramsay, DI Groves (eds) The geology of gold deposits: The perspective in 1988. Econ Geol Monogr 6:151-167
173. Goodfellow WD, Lydon JW, Turner RJW (1993) Geology and genesis of stratiform sediment-hosted (SEDEX) zinc-lead-silver sulphide deposits. In: RV Kirkham, WD Sinclair, RI Thorpe, JM Duke (eds) Mineral deposit modeling. Geol Assoc Canada Spec Paper 40:201-251
174. Gorelikova NV, Naumova VV (1987) Trace-element parageneses in tourmaline as indicators of zoning and productivity of tin mineralization. Trans USSR Acad Sci (Earth Sci Sect) 297:179-183
175. Grant JN, Halls C, Sheppard SMF, Avila W (1980) Evolution of the porphyry tin deposits of Bolivia. In: S Ishihara, S Takenouchi (eds) Granitic magmatism and related mineralization, Soc Mining Geol Japan Spec Issue 8:151-173
176. Graubard CM, Smith GM (1986) Gold mineralization in the Tumco Valley, Cargo Muchacho Mountains, California and at the Fortuna mine, Gila Range, Arizona. In: AM Chater (ed) Gold '86, Poster Paper Abstracts, Mineral Deposits Div Geol Assoc Canada, p 57-58
177. Grauch RI (1994) Gold-bearing exhalative-hydrothermal systems in the Venezuelan Andes (abstr). US Geol Surv Circ 1103-A:39-40
178. Gray MD (1994) Multiple gold mineralizing events in (he Porcupine mining district, Timmins area, Ontario, Canada. PhD dissertation, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO
179. Green GR, Solomon M, Walshe JL (1981) The formation of the volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposit at Rosebery, Tasmania. Econ Geol 76:304-338
180. Grenne T, Grammeltvedt G, Vokes FM (1980) Cyprus-type sulphide deposits
181. Grice JD, Ercit TS (1993) Ordering of Fe and Mg in the tourmaline crystal structure: The correct formula. N Jahrb Mineral Abh 165:245-266
182. Griffin WL, Slack JF, Ramsden AR, Win TT, Ryan CG (1996) Trace elements in tourmalines from massive sulfide deposits and tourmalinites: Geochemical controls and exploration applications. Econ Geol 91 (in press)
183. Groves DI, Solomon M (1964) The geology of the Mt Bischoff district Royal Soc Tasmania Proc 98:1-22
184. Groves DI, Barley ME, Ho SE (1989) Nature, genesis, and tectonic setting of mesothermal gold mineralization in the Yilgarn block, Western Australia. In: RR Keays, WRH Ramsay, DI Groves (eds) The geology of gold deposits: The perspective in 1988. Econ Geol Monogr 6:71-85
185. Guilbert JM, Park CF Jr (1986) The geology of ore deposits. W.U. Freeman and Company, New York
186. Gustafson LB (1995) Magmatism, metamorphism, and deformation at Hemlo, Ontario, and the timing of Au-Mo mineralization in the Golden Giant mine - A discussion. Econ Geol 90:1341-1342
187. Gustafson LB, Hunt JP (1975) The porphyry copper deposit at El Salvador, Chile. Econ Geol 70:857-912
188. Gustafson LB, Quiroga GJ (1995) Patterns of mineralization and alteration below the porphyry copper orebody at El Salvador, Chile. Econ Geol 90:2-16
189. Hamilton JM, Bishop DT, Morris HC, Owens OE (1982) Geology of the Sullivan orebody, Kimberley, B.C., Canada. In: RW Hutchinson, CD Spence, JM Franklin (eds) Precambrian sulphide deposits. Geol Assoc Canada Spec Paper 25, p 597-665
190. Halley SW, Walshe JL (1995) A reexamination of the Mount Bischoff cassiterite sulfide skarn, western Tasmania. Econ Geol 90:1676-1693
191. Handley GA, Cary R (1990) Big Bell gold deposit. In: FE Hughes (ed) Geology of the mineral deposits of Australia and Papua New Guinea, Australas Inst Min Metall Monogr 14:211-216
192. Harder H (1959) Beitrag zur Geochemie des Bors, III. Bor in Sedimenten: Nachrich Akad Wissenschaft Göttingen, II. Math-Physik Klasse 6:123-183
193. Harris DC (1989) The mineralogy and geochemistry of the Hemlo gold deposit, Ontario. Geol Surv Canada Econ Geol Rept 38
194. Hellingwerf RH, Lilljequist R, Ljung S (1988) Stratiform Zn-Pb-Fe-Mn mineralization in the Älvlången-Vikren area, Bergslagen, Sweden. In: JH Baker, RH Hellingwerf (eds) The Bergslagen province-central Sweden: Structure, stratigraphy and ore-forming processes. Geol Mijnbouw 2-4, p 313-332
195. Hellingwerf RH, Gatedal K, Gallagher V, Baker JH (1994) Tourmaline in the central Swedish ore district. Mineralium Deposita 29:189-205
196. Helovuori O (1979) Geology of the Pyhäsalmi ore deposit, Finland. Econ Geol 74:1084-1101
197. Hendricks RL, Reisbick FB, Mahaffey FJ, Roberts DB, Peterson MNA (1969) Chemical composition of sediments and interstitial brines from the Atlantis II, Discovery and Chain deeps. In: ET Degens, DA Ross (eds) Hot brines and Recent heavy metal deposits in the Red Sea. Springer-Verlag, New York, p 407-440
198. Henley RW (1985) The geothermal framework of epithermal deposits. In: BR Berger, PM Bethke (eds) Geology and geochemistry of epithermal systems, Rev Econ Geol 2:1-24
199. Henry DJ, Dutrow BL (1992) Tourmaline in a low grade clastic metasedimentary rock: An example of the petrogenetic potential of tourmaline. Contrib Mineral Petrol 112:203-218
200. Henry DJ, Guidotti CV (1985) Tourmaline as a petrogenetic indicator mineral: An example from the staurolite-grade metapelites of NW Maine. Am Mineral 70:1-15
201. Herz N (1978) Metamorphic rocks of the Quadilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, Brazil. US Geol Surv Prof Paper 641-C
202. Hillebrand WF, Lundell GEF, Bright HA, Hoffman JI (1953) Applied inorganic analysis, 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York
203. Hine R, Bye SM, Cook FW, Leckie JF, Torr GL (1978) The Esis porphyry copper deposit, East New Britain, Papua New Guinea. Econ Geol 73:761-767
204. Hodgson CJ (1993) Mesothermal lode-gold deposits. In: RV Kirkham, WD Sinclair, RI Thorpe, JM Duke (eds) Mineral deposit modeling. Geol Assoc Canada Spec Paper 40:635-678
205. Hodgson CJ, MacGeehan PJ (1982) A review of the geological characteristics of 'gold-only' deposits in the Superior Province of the Canadian Shield. In: RW Hodder, W Petruk (eds) Geology of Canadian gold deposits. Canadian Inst Min Metall Spec Vol 24:211-229
206. Hodgson CJ, Troop DG (1988) A new computer-aided methodology for area selection in gold exploration: A case study from the Abitibi greenstone belt. Econ Geol 83:952-977
207. Hoeve J, Sibbald TII (1978) On the genesis of Rabbit Lake and other unconformity-type uranium deposits in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Econ Geol 73:1450-1473
208. Hollister VF (1978) Geology of the porphyry copper deposits of the western hemisphere. Soc Min Engrs, Am Inst Min Metall Engrs, New York
209. Hosking KFG (1951) Primary ore deposition in Cornwall. Royal Geol Soc Cornwall Trans 18:309-356
210. Hosking KFG (1973) Primary mineral deposits. In: DJ Gobbett, CS Hutchison (eds) Geology of the Malay Peninsula. Wiley-Interscience, New York, p 335-402
211. Höy T (1993) Geology of the Purcell Supergroup in the Fernie west-half map area, southeastern British Columbia. British Columbia Ministry Energy, Mines, Petrol Res Bull 84
212. Huebner JS, Flohr MJK (1990) Microbanded manganese formations: Protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California. US Geol Surv Prof Paper 1502
213. Hulen JB, Walters MA (1993) The Geysers felsite and associated geothermal systems, alteration, mineralization, and hydrocarbon occurrences. In: JJ Rytuba (ed) Active geothermal systems and gold-mercury deposits in the Sonoma-Clear Lake volcanic fields, California. Soc Econ Geol Guidebook Series 16:141-152
214. Hunt JP, Bratt JA, Marquardt LJC (1983) Quebrada Blanca, Chile; An enriched porphyry copper deposit. Min Engr 35:636-644
215. Hutchinson RW (1993) A multi-stage, multi-process genetic hypothesis for greenstone-hosted gold lodes. Ore Geol Rev 8:349-382
216. Ibrahim MS, Kyser TK (1991) Fluid inclusion and isotope systematics of the high-temperature Proterozoic Star Lake lode gold deposit, northern Saskatchewan, Canada Econ Geol 86:1468-1490
217. Ishihara S (1981) The granitoid series and mineralization. In: BJ Skinner (ed) Economic Geology 75th Anniv Vol, p 458-484
218. Ito T (1984) The chemical composition of tourmaline from the Sazare mine, Ehmine Prefecture and its economic geological significance. J Hokkaido Univ Ed 35:63-72 [in Japanese with English abstract]
219. Ito T, Plimer IR (1987) The significance of tourmaline in the stratiform Dome Rock deposit, Australia. Mining Geol [Japan] 37:403-418
220. Jackson NJ (1979) Geology of the Cornubian tin field: "A review." In: CH Yeap (ed) Geology of tin deposits. Geol Soc Malaysia Bull 11:209-238
221. Jébrak M, Mineau R, Bardoux M, Goulet N (1990) Boron cycle in the Abitibi greenstone belt, and compositional variations in tourmaline associated with gold deposits (abstr). In: F Robert, PA Sheahan, SB Green (eds) Greenstone gold and crustal evolution (NUNA Conf Vol). Geol Assoc Canada, p 177
222. Jiang S-Y (1995) Chemical and boron isotopic compositions of tourmaline from sedex-type and metaevaporite ore deposits. PhD dissertation, Univ Bristol, Bristol, UK
223. Jiang S-Y, Palmer MR (1995) Trace and rare-earth elements in tourmaline from hydrothermal deposits and their genetic significance. Terra Nova 7 (Abstr Suppl 1):211
224. Jiang S-Y, Palmer MR, Ding T-P, Wan D-F (1994) Silicon isotope geochemistry of the Sullivan Pb-Zn deposit, Canada: A preliminary study. Econ Geol 89:1623-1629
225. Jiang S-Y, Palmer MR, Li Y-U, Xue C-J (1995a) Chemical compositions of tourmaline in the Yindongzi-Tongmugou Pb-Zn deposits, Qinling, China: Implications for hydrothermal ore-forming processes. Mineralium Deposita 30:225-234
226. Jiang S-Y, Palmer MR, Slack JF, Shaw DR (1995b) Chemical and boron isotopic composition of tourmaline from the sediment-hosted Sullivan Zn-Pb-Ag deposit, British Columbia. Geol Assoc Canada-Min Assoc Canada, Program Abstr 20:A-49
227. Jiang S-Y, Palmer MR, McDonald AM, Slack JF, Leitch CHB (1996a) Feruvite from the Sullivan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit, British Columbia. Canadian Mineral 34 (in press)
228. Jiang S-Y, Palmer MR, Slack JF, Shaw DR (1996b) Boron isotope systematics of tourmaline formation at the Sullivan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit and vicinity, British Columbia. In: JW Lydon, T Höy, JF Slack, ME Knapp (eds) The Sullivan lead-zinc-silver deposit, Kimberley, British Columbia, and its geological environment. Geol Surv Canada Bull (submitted)
229. Jiang S-Y, Palmer MR, Slack JF, Shaw DR (1996c) Paragenesis and chemistry of multistage tourmaline formation at the Sullivan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit, British Columbia Econ Geol (submitted)
230. Johnson FR (1976) Geology of the Quartzburg mining district, Grant County, Oregon. MS thesis, Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR
231. Kasolo PC, Foster RP (1991) Fluid-channeling and gold mineralization within the Late Proterozoic Mwembeshi shear zone, Zambia. In: EA Ladeira (ed) Brazil gold '91: The economics, geology, geochemistry and genesis of gold deposits. AA Balkema, Rotterdam, p 673-679
232. Kato A, Matsubara S (1980) Manganese borate minerals from Japan. Spec Issue 3, J Mineral Soc Japan 14:86-97 [in Japanese with English abstract]
233. Kelly WC, Rye RO (1979) Geologic, fluid inclusion, and stable isotope studies of the tin-tungsten deposits of Panasqueira, Portugal. Econ Geol 74:1721-1822
234. Kelly WC, Turneaure FS (1970) Mineralogy, paragenesis and geothermometry of the tin and tungsten deposits of the eastern Andes, Bolivia. Econ Geol 65:609-680
235. Kerswill JA (1993) Models for iron-formation-hosted gold deposits. In: RV Kirkham, WD Sinclair, RI Thorpe, JM Duke (eds) Mineral deposit modeling, Geol Assoc Canada Spec Paper 40, p 171-199
236. Khin Zaw U, Myo Thet DK (1983) A note on a fluid inclusion study of tin-tungsten mineralization at Mawchi mine, Kayah State, Burma. Econ Geol 78:530-534
237. Kihien A (1975) Alteracion y su relacion con la mineralizacion en el porfido de cobre de Cerro Verde. Bol Soc Geol Peru 46:103-126
238. de Kimpe CR, Kodama H, Rivard R (1981) Hydrothermal formation of a kaolinite-like product from noncrystalline aluminosilicate gels. Clays Clay Minerals 29:446-450
239. King RW (1988) Geochemical characteristics of tourmaline from Superior Province Archean lode gold deposits: Implications for source regions and processes. Bicentennial Gold '88, Geol Soc Australia Abstr Ser 23:445-447
240. King RW (1990) Tourmaline from mesothermal gold deposits of the Superior Province, Canada. Textural, chemical and isotopic relationships. PhD dissertation, Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon
241. King RW, Kerrich R (1989a) Chromian dravite associated with ultramafic-rock-hosted Archean lode gold deposits, Timmins-Porcupine district, Ontario. Canadian Mineral 27:419-426
242. King RW, Kerrich RW (1989b) Strontium isotope compositions of tourmaline from lode gold deposits of the Archean Abitibi greenstone belt (Ontario-Quebec, Canada): Implications for source reservoirs. Chem Geol 79:225-240
243. King RW, Kerrich RW, Daddar R (1988) REE distributions in tourmaline: An INAA technique involving pretreatment by B volatilization. Am Mineral 73:424-431
244. Kirwin DJ (1985) Tourmaline breccia pipes. MSc thesis, James Cook Univ, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
245. Kitayev NA, Bogatyrev PV (1984) Tourmaline from goldore deposits. Doklady Acad Sci (Earth Sci Sect) 274:164-166
246. Knopf A (1913) The tourmalinic silver-lead type of ore deposit. Econ Geol 8:105-119
247. Knox NB (1942) Venezuelan gold from El Callao. Engr Min J 143(3):52-55
248. Koistinen TJ (1981) Structural evolution of an Early Proterozoic strata-bound Cu-Co-Zn deposit, Outokumpu, Finland. Trans Royal Soc Edinburgh 72:115-158
249. 39Ar geochronology of the Beaver Dam gold deposit, Meguma terrane, Nova Scotia, Canada: Evidence for mineralization at 370 Ma. Econ Geol 88:139-170
250. Kotov NV, Poritskaya LG (1992) The Muruntau gold deposit: Its geologic structure, metasomatic mineral associations and origin. Int'l Geol Rev 34:77-87
251. Kotzer TG, Kyser TK (1990) The use of stable and radiogenic isotopes in the identification of fluids and processes associated with unconformity-type uranium deposits. In: LS Beck, CT Harper (eds) Modern exploration techniques. Saskatchewan Geol Surv, Spec Publ 10, p 115-131
252. Kotzer TG, Kyser TK, King RW, Kerrich R (1993) An empirical oxygen- and hydrogen-isotope geothermometer for quartz-tourmaline and tourmaline-water. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 57:3421-3426
253. Koval PV, Zorina LD, Kitajev NA, Spiridonov AM, Ariunbileg S (1991) The use of tourmaline in geochemical prospecting for gold and copper mineralization. J Geochem Expl 40:349-360
254. Kretz R, Hartree R, Jones P (1989) Metasomatic crystallization of muscovite in granite and tourmaline in schist related to pegmatite emplacement near Yellowknife, Canada. Contrib Mineral Petrol 102:191-204
255. Krupp R (1981) Die Geologie des Moschellandberg-Vulkankomplexes (Pfalz) und seiner Erzvorkommen. Mitt Polychim 69:6-26
256. Kuhn TH (1941) Pipe deposits of the Copper Creek area, Arizona. Econ Geol 36:512-538
257. Kuhns RJ, Sawkins FJ, Ito E (1994) Magmatism, metamorphism and deformation at Hemlo, Ontario, and the timing of Au-Mo mineralization in the Golden Giant mine. Econ Geol 89:720-756
258. Kuyunko NS, Semenov YV, Gurevich VM, Kuzmin VI, Topor ND, Gorbunov VE (1984) Experimental determination of thermodynamic properties of the tourmaline dravite. Geokhimiya 10:1458-1465 [in Russian]
259. Kwak TAP (1987) W-Sn skarn deposits and related metamorphic skarns and granitoids. Develop Econ Geol 24, Elsevier, Amsterdam
260. Kwak TAP, Askins PW (1981) The nomenclature of carbonate replacement deposits, with emphasis on Sn-F(-Be-Zn) 'wrigglite' skarns. J Geol Soc Australia 28:123-136
261. Lambert IB, Knutson J, Donnelly TH, Etminan H (1987) Stuart Shelf-Adelaide geosyncline copper province, South Australia. Econ Geol 82:108-123
262. Lasmanis R (1995) Regional geological and tectonic setting of porphyry deposits in Washington State. In: TG Schroeter (ed) Porphyry deposits of the northwestern Cordillera of North America. Canadian Inst Min Metall Petrol, Spec Vol 46:77-102
263. Lausen C (1926) Tourmaline-bearing cinnabar veins of the Mazatzal Mountains, Arizona. Econ Geol 21:782-791
264. Layne GD, Spooner ETC (1988) The geology and mineralogy of the JC tin skarn, Yukon Territory, Canada. In: CS Hutchison (ed) Geology of tin deposits in Asia and the Pacific. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 163-184
265. Layne GD, Spooner ETC (1991) The JC tin skarn deposit, southern Yukon Terrritory: I. Geology, paragenesis, and fluid inclusion microthermometry. Econ Geol 86:29-47
266. Leake RC, Fletcher CJN, Haslam HW, Khan B, Shakirullah (1989) Origin and tectonic setting of stratabound tungsten mineralization within the Hindu Kush of Pakistan. J Geol Soc [London] 146:1003-1016
267. Lefebvre J-J (1989) Depositional environment of copper-cobalt mineralization in the Katangan sediments of southeast Shaba, Zaire. In: RW Boyle, AC Brown, CW Jefferson, EC Jowett, RV Kirkham (eds) Sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits. Geol Assoc Canada Spec Paper 36:401-426
268. Lehmann B (1990) The stratabound Kellhuani tin deposits, Bolivia. In: L Fontboté, GC Amstutz, M Cardozo, E Cedillo, J Frutos (eds) Stratabound ore deposits in the Andes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 147-160
269. Leitch CHB (1992a) A progress report of fluid inclusion studies of veins from the vent zone, Sullivan stratiform sediment-hosted Zn-Pb deposit, British Columbia. Geol Surv Canada Current Res Paper 92-1E:71-82
270. Leitch CHB (1992b) Mineral chemistry of selected silicates, carbonates, and sulphides in the Sullivan and North Star stratiform Zn-Pb deposits, British Columbia, and in district-scale altered and unaltered sediments. Geol Surv Canada Current Res Paper 92-1E:83-93
271. Leitch CHB, Turner RJW (1992) Preliminary field and petrographic studies of the sulphide-bearing network underlying the western orebody, Sullivan stratiform sediment-hosted Zn-Pb deposit, British Columbia. Geol Surv Canada Current Res Paper 92-1E:61-70
272. Leube A, Stumpfl EF (1963) The Rooiberg and Leeuwpoort tin mines, Transvaal, South Africa; part I, General and structural geology. Econ Geol 58:391-418
273. Li X, Yang Z, Shi L, Shi J (1992) Tin deposits of China. In: Mineral deposits of China, 2. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, p 150-222
274. Lindgren W (1901) The gold belt of the Blue Mountains of Oregon. US Geol Surv 22nd Ann Rept (II):551-776
275. Lindgren W (1933) Mineral deposits, 4th ed. McGraw-Hill, New York
276. Linnen RL, Williams-Jones AE (1995) Genesis of a magmatic metamorphic hydrothermal system: The Sn-W polymetallic deposits at Pilok, Thailand. Econ Geol 90:1148-1166
277. Lister CJ (1978) Luxullianite in situ within the St. Austell granite, Cornwall. Mineral Mag 42:295-297
278. Llambías EJ, Malvicini L (1969) The geology and genesis of the Bi-Cu mineralized breccia-pipe, San Francisco de los Andes, San Juan, Argentina. Econ Geol 64:271-286
279. London D, Manning DAC (1995) Chemical variation and significance of tourmaline from southwest England. Econ Geol 90:495-519
280. Longley CS, Lazier TA (1948) Paymaster mine. In: Structural geology of Canadian ore deposits. Canadian Inst Min Metall, Montréal, p 520-528
281. Lubis H, Prihatmoko S, James LP (1994) Bulagidun prospect: A copper, gold and tourmaline bearing porphyry and breccia system in northern Sulawesi, Indonesia. J Geochem Expl 50:257-278
282. Ludden JN, Daigneault R, Robert F, Taylor RP (1984) Trace element mobility in alteration zones associated with Archean Au lode deposits. Econ Geol 79:1131-1141
283. Luttrell GW (1966) Base- and precious-metal and related ore deposits of Virginia. Virginia Div Mineral Res, Mineral Res Rept 7
284. Lynch G (1986) Mineral zoning in the Keno Hill silver-lead-zinc mining district, Yukon. Yukon Geol 1:89-97
285. Lynch JVG, Longstaffe FJ, Nesbitt BE (1990) Stable isotopic and fluid inclusion indications of large-scale hydrothermal paleoflow, boiling, and fluid mixing in the Keno Hill Ag-Pb-Zn district, Yukon Territory, Canada. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 54:1045-1059
286. MacGeehan PJ, Hodgson CJ (1982) Environments of gold mineralization in the Campbell Red Lake and Dickenson mines, Red Lake district, Ontario. In: RW Hodder, W Petruk (eds) Geology of Canadian gold deposits. Canadian Inst Mineral Metall, Spec Vol 24, p 184-207
287. MacLean WH (1990) Mass change calculations in altered rock series. Mineralium Deposits 25:44-49
288. MacLean WH, Barrett TJ (1993) Lithogeochemical techniques using immobile elements. J Geochem Expl 48:109-133
289. MacQueen JK (1987) Stratigraphy, structure and gold mineralization of the No. 5 vein/ iron formation zone, Pickle Crow gold mines, Pickle Lake, Ontario. MSc thesis, Carleton Univ, Ottawa
290. McArdle P, Fitzell M, Oosterom MG, O'Connor PJ, Kennan PS (1989) Tourmalinite as a potential host rock for gold in the Caledonides of southeast Ireland. Mineralium Deposita 24:154-159
291. McCuaig TC, Kerrich R, Groves DI, Archer N (1993) The nature and dimensions of regional and local gold-related hydrothermal alteration in tholeiitic metabasalts in the Norseman goldfields: The missing link in a crustal continuum of gold deposits? Mineralium Deposita 28:420-435
292. McKibben MA (1991) The Salton Sea geothermal brines. In: MA McKibben (ed) The diversity of mineral and energy resources of southern California, Soc Econ Geol Guidebook Ser 12:127-138
293. McKibben MA, Andes JP Jr, Williams AE (1988) Active ore formation at a brine interface in metamorphosed deltaic lacustrine sediments: The Salton Sea geothermal system, California. Econ Geol 83:511-523
294. Mahawat C (1988) The geological characteristics of the Pilok Sn-W-Mo deposits, west Thailand. In: CS Hutchison (ed) Geology of tin deposits in Asia and the Pacific. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 696-709
295. Manning DAC (1981) The application of experimental studies in determining the origin of topaz-quartz-tourmaline rock and tourmaline-quartz rock. Proc Ussher Soc 5:121-127
296. Manning DAC (1986) Contrasting styles of Sn-W mineralisation in peninsular Thailand and SW England. Mineralium Deposita 21:44-52
297. Mao J (1995) Tourmalinite from northern Guangxi, China. Mineralium Deposita 30:235-245
298. Mao J, Li H, Luo Y, Wang C (1995) Tourmalinite from the Liwu massive copper-zinc deposit, West Sichuan, China. In: J Pasava, B Kríbek, K Zák (eds) Mineral deposits: From their origin to their environmental impacts, Proc 3rd Biennial SGA Mtg, Prague, AA Balkema, Rotterdam, p 241-244
299. Marsh SP, Pierce HA, Sanchez H, Page NJ (1995) Geochemistry of six gold-bearing quartz-carbonate-tourmaline vein systems, Estado Bolívar, Venezuela. In: GB Sidder, AE García, JW Stoeser (eds) Geology and mineral deposits of the Venezuelan Guayana Shield. US Geol Surv Bull 2124:N1-N52
300. Materikov MP (1977) Deposits of tin. In: VI Smirnov (ed) Ore deposits of the USSR, III. Pitman Publishing, London, p 229-294
301. Matos Dias JM, Soares de Andrade AA (1970) Uranium deposits in Portugal. In: Proc panel on uranium exploration geology, Int'l Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, p 129-142
302. Matthäi SK, Henley RW (1996) Geochemistry and depositional environment of the gold-mineralized Proterozoic Koolpin Formation, Pine Creek inlier, northern Australia: A comparison with modern shale sequences. Precam Res (in press)
303. Matthäi SK, Henley RW, Bacigalupo-Rose S, Binns RA, Andrew AS, Carr GR, French DH, McAndrew J, Kananagh ME (1995) Intrusion-related, high-temperature gold quartz veining in the Cosmopolitan Howley metasedimentary rock-hosted gold deposit. Northern Territory, Australia. Econ Geol 90:1012-1045
304. Mendelsohn F, ed (1961) The geology of the northern Rhodesian copperbelt. Macdonald & Co, London
305. Menzie WD, Reed DL, Singer DA (1988) Models of grades and tonnages of some lode tin deposits. In: CS Hutchison (ed) Geology of tin deposits in Asia and the Pacific. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 73-88
306. Michailidis K, Kassoli-Foumaraki A (1994) Tourmaline concentrations in migmatitic metasedimentary rocks of the Riziana and Kolchiko areas in Macedonia, northern Greece. Eur J Mineral 6:557-569
307. Miller AR, Densmore CD, Degens ET, Hathaway JC, Manheim FT, McFarlin PF, Pocklington R, Jokela A (1966) Hot brines and Recent iron deposits in deeps of the Red Sea. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 30:341-359
308. Miller GC (1990) Moline gold deposits. In: FE Hughes (ed) Geology of the mineral deposits of Australia and Papua New Guinea, Australas Inst Min Metall Monogr 14:763-768
309. Milton C (1971) Authigenic minerals of the Green River Formation. Wyoming Univ Contrib Geol 10:57-63
310. 8, the boron analogue of albite, from the Green River Formation, Utah. Am Mineral 45:188-199
311. Mitich GB (1946) A tourmaline-bearing horizon in the quartzites of the Aldan plate. Dokl Akad Nauk Leningrad 53:243-245
312. Mittwede SK (1984) Tourmalinite, anomalous tourmaline concentrations, and iron formation as exploration guides in northwestern Cherokee County, South Carolina: South Carolina Geol 27:6-12
313. Mittwede SK, Helvaci C, Karamanderesi IH, Kun N, Candan O (1992) Modes and implications of tourmaline occurrences in the Menderes Massif, western Anatolia, Türkiye. In: M Anil, A Nazik (eds) Proceed First Int'l Symp Eastern Mediterranean Geol, Yerbilimleri Spec Issue 20:179-190
314. Mittwede SK, Helvaci C, Karamanderesi IH (1994) On the use of anomalous tourmaline concentrations as exploration guides in the Menderes Massif, western Anatolia, Türkiye. Abstr 47th Geol Congr, Turkey: 160
315. Modreski PJ, Connor JJ (1991) Tourmalinite and iron-formation in the Yellowjacket Formation, Idaho cobalt belt, Lemhi County, Idaho (abstr). US Geol Surv Circ 1062:57
316. Monro D (1988) The geology and genesis of the Aitik Cu-Au deposit, Arctic Sweden. PhD dissertation, Univ Wales, Cardiff, UK
317. Moran AE, Sisson VB, Leeman WP (1992) Boron depletion during progressive metamorphism: Implications for subduction processes. Earth Plan Sci Lett 111:331-349
318. Morgan GB VI, London D (1987) Alteration of amphibolitic wallrocks around the Tanco rare-element pegmatite, Bernic Lake, Manitoba. Am Mineral 72:1097-1121
319. Morgan GB VI, London D (1989) Experimental reactions of amphibolite with boron-bearing aqueous fluids at 200 Mpa: Implications for tourmaline stability and partial melting in mafic rocks. Contrib Mineral Petrol 102:281-297
320. Morin R, Silva AJ (1984) The effects of high pressure and high temperature on some physical properties of ocean sediments. J Geophy Res 89(B):511-526
321. Morland R (1990) Renison Bell tin deposit. In: FE Hughes (ed) Geology of the mineral deposits of Australia and Papua New Guinea, Australas Inst Min Metall Monogr 14:1249-1251
322. Mottl MJ, Seyfried WE (1980) Sub-seafloor hydrothermal systems: Rock- vs. seawater-dominated. In: PA Rona, RP Lowell (eds) Seafloor spreading centers: Hydrothermal systems. Benchmark Papers 5666-82, Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, p 66-82
323. Mueller AG, de Laeter JR, Groves DI (1991) Strontium isotope systematics of hydrothermal minerals from epigenetic Archean gold deposits in the Yilgarn Block, Western Australia. Econ Geol 86:780-809
324. Mustard H (1986) Geology and genesis of the Kidston gold deposit, Australia. In: AJ Macdonald (ed) Proc Gold '86. Konsult Int'l, Willowdale, Ontario, p 404-415
325. Mustard H (1990) Breccia forming processes at the Kidston gold deposit. In: VF Hollister (ed) Discoveries of valuable minerals and precious metals deposits related to intrusions and faults, Case histories of mineral discoveries, 2. Soc Min Metall Expl Inc, p 109-116
326. Nantel S (1994a) Association coticules-tourmalinites et minéralisations en Cu-C±Au dans la région de Saint-Jovite, partie sud de la Province de Grenville: Importance de ce métallotecte pour l'exploration de gîtes de type exhalatif. Québec Ministère Ressources naturelles, Rapport MB 94-15
327. Nantel S (1994b) Les tourmalinites et les roches riches en tourmaline dans la partie sud de la Province de Grenville, Québec, et leur association avec des minéralisations en Zn en Cu-C±Au. Québec Ministère des Ressources naturelles, Rapport MB 94-52
328. Nash JT, Hahn GA (1989) Stratabound Co-Cu deposits and mafic volcaniclastic rocks in the Blackbird mining district, Lemhi County, Idaho. In: RW Boyle, AC Brown, CW Jefferson, EC Jowett, RV Kirkham (eds) Sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits. Geol Assoc Canada Spec Paper 36, p 339-356
329. Nash JT, Hahn GA, Saunders JA (1987) The occurrence of gold in siliceous Co-Cu exhalite deposits of the Blackbird mining district, Lemhi County, Idaho. US Geol Surv Open-File Rept 87-410
330. Nesbitt BE (1982) Metamorphic sulfide-silicate equilibria in the massive sulfide deposits at Ducktown, Tennessee. Econ Geol 77:364-378
331. Nesbitt BE, Longstaffe FJ, Shaw DR, Muehlenbachs K (1984) Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Sullivan massive sulfide deposit, Kimberley, British Columbia. Econ Geol 79:933-946
332. Ngongo-Kashisha (1975) Sur la similitude entre les gisements uranifères (type Shinkolobwe) et les gisements cuprifères (type Kamoto) au Shaba, Zaïre. Annales Soc Geol Belgique 98:449-462
333. Nicholson PM (1980) The geology and economic significance of the Golden Dyke dome, Northern Territory. In: J Ferguson, AB Goleby (eds) Uranium in the Pine Creek Geosyncline. Int'l Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, p 319-334
334. Nicholson PM, Eupene GS (1984) Controls on gold mineralisation in the Pine Creek geosyncline. In: Proc Australas Inst Min Metall Conf, Melbourne 13:377-396
335. Nicholson PM, Eupene GS (1990) Gold deposits of the Pine Creek inlier. In: FE Hughes (ed) Geology of the mineral deposits of Australia and Papua New Guinea. Australas Inst Min Metall Monogr 14:739-742
336. Nicolini P (1970) Gîtologie des concentrations minérales stratiformes. Gauthier-Villars, Paris
337. Nie FJ (1993) Genesis of the Bieluwutu volcanogenic copper deposit, south-central Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Int'l Geol Rev 35:805-824
338. Nie FJ, Zhang HT, Sun H, Fan JT (1990) Discovery of tourmalinites in the Bieluwuto copper metallogenic district, Nei Mongol, and their geological significance. Geol Review 36:467-472 [in Chinese with English abstract]
339. Niiniskorpi V (1986) Stratabound tourmaline-rich rocks in Kurkkionvaara area, northern Sweden (abstr). Seventh Quad IAGOD Symp, Luleå, Sweden, Poster Session
340. Nosenko NA, Ratkin VV, Logvenchev PI, Polokhov VP, Pustov YuK (1990) Dalnegorsk borosilicate deposit as a product of polychronous manifestation of skarn formation. Doklady Akad Nauk SSSR 312:178-182 [in Russian]
341. Nutt CJ (1989) Chloritization and associated alteration at the Jabiluka unconformity-type uranium deposit, Northern Territory, Australia. Canadian Mineral 27:41-58
342. Oehler JH (1976) Hydrothermal crystallization of silica gel: Geol Soc Am Bull 87:1143-1152
343. Olivo GR, Gauthier M, Bardoux M, De Sa EL, Fonseca JTF, Santana FC (1995) Palladium-bearing gold deposit hosted by Proterozoic Lake Superior-type iron-formation at the Cauê iron mine, Itabira district, southern Sao Francisco craton, Brazil: Geologic and structural controls. Econ Geol 90:118-134
344. Olson JP (1978) Geology and mineralization of the North Santiam mining district, Marion County, Oregon. MS thesis, Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR
345. Owens EO, Hodder RW (1994) Aluminosilicate mineral assemblages in the Cargo Muchacho Mountains, southern California: Metasomatism and gold concentration associated with magmatism and deformation in mesozonal environments. Canadian J Earth Sci 31:310-322
346. Pacquet A, Weber F (1993) Petrographie des halos d'alteration autour du gisement de Cigar Lake et leurs relations avec les mineralisations. Canadian J Earth Sci 30:674-688
347. Pähler I, Sylvester H, Thiedig F (1994) Transpressional tectonic-controlled mineralization in the Cu-Au-mining districts west of Carrera Pinto, latitude 27'S, Chile. Zentral Geol Paläont I:389-401
348. Palma VV (1981) The San Rafael tin-copper deposit, Pumo, S.E. Peru. MSc thesis, Queen's Univ, Kingston, Ontario
349. Palmer MR (1991) Boron isotope systematics of hydrothermal fluids and tourmalines: A synthesis. Isotope Geosci 14:111-121
350. Palmer MR, Slack JF (1989) Boron isotopic composition of tourmaline from massive sulfide deposits and tourmalinites. Contrib Mineral Petrol 103:434-451
351. 10B between tourmaline and aqueous vapor: A temperature- and pressure-dependent isotopic system. Isotope Geosci 15:123-129
352. Palmer MR, Jiang S-Y, Slack JF (1995) Boron isotopic composition of tourmaline-rich rocks and tourmalinites from the Middle Proterozoic Belt and Purcell supergroups, Rocky Mountains. Geol Assoc Canada-Mineral Assoc Canada, Program Abstr 20:A-79
353. Pan Y, Fleet ME (1995) The Late Archean Hemlo gold deposit, Ontario, Canada: A review and synthesis. Ore Geol Rev 9:455-488
354. Pardee JT, Park CF Jr (1948) Gold deposits of the southern Piedmont. US Geol Surv Prof Paper 213
355. Park CF Jr, Wilson RA (1936) The Battle Branch gold mine, Auraria, Georgia. Econ Geol 31:73-92
356. Paterson RG (1990) Ardlethan tin deposits. In: FE Hughes (ed) Geology of the mineral deposits of Australia and Papua New Guinea. Australas Inst Min Metall Monogr 14:1357-1364
357. Patterson DJ, Ohmoto H, Solomon M (1981) Geologic setting and genesis of cassiterite-sulfide mineralization at Renison Bell, western Tasmania. Econ Geol 76:393-438
358. Paulet PH, Fuchs Y, Maury R, Foit FF Jr, Rosenberg PE (1991) Tonalité des différents types de borosilicates dans les systèmes hydrothermaux à or argent de la Humboldt Range (Nevada, USA). Comptes Rendus Acad Sci Paris 313(II):1155-1162
359. Pavlides L, Gair JE, Cranford SL (1982) Central Virginia volcanic-plutonic belt as a host for massive sulfide deposits. Econ Geol 77:233-272
360. Pearson JG (1984) Gold metallogenic studies, the Rio deposit. Saskatchewan Geol Surv, Summary Invest, Misc Rept 84-4:123-126
361. Peltola E (1978) Origin of Precambrian copper sulfides of the Outokumpu district, Finland. Econ Geol 73:461-477
362. Peltola E, Vuorelainen Y, Häkli TA (1968) A chromian tourmaline from Outokumpu, Finland. Bull Geol Soc Finland 40:35-38
363. Peng QM, Palmer MR (1995) The Palaeoproterozoic boron deposits in eastern Liaoning, China: A metamorphosed evaporite. Precam Res 72:185-197
364. Pertold Z, Chrt J, Budil V, Burda J, Burdová P, Kríbek B, Pertoldová J, Gaskarth B (1994) The Tisová Cu-deposit: A
365. Petersen JS, Koed JO, Sundblad K (1995) Stratiform, sediment-hosted Zn-Pb-mineralization at Espeland in the Proterozoic Bamble shear belt, southern Norway. In: J Pasava, B Kríbek, K Zák (eds) Mineral deposits: From their origin to their environmental impacts. Proc 3rd Biennial SGA Mtg, Prague, AA Balkema, Rotterdam, p 307-310
366. Phillips GN (1985) Interpretation of Big Bell/Hemlo-type gold deposits: Precursors, metamorphism, melting and genetic constraints. Trans Geol Soc S Africa 88:159-173
367. Phillips GN, Groves DI, Martyn JE (1984) An epigenetic origin for Archean banded iron-formation-hosted gold deposits. Econ Geol 79:162-171
368. Pimentel BF (1979) El bolsico, depósito de cobre y molibdeno lipo chimenea de brecha con turmalina, Provincia del Huasco, III Región, Chile. Actas Congr Geol Chileno II:C401-C417
369. Pirajno F (1992) Hydrothermal mineral deposits. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
370. Pirajno F, Jacob RE (1987) Sn-W metallogeny in the Damara orogen, South West Africa/Namibia. S African J Geol 90:239-255
371. Pirajno F, Smithies RH (1992) The FeO/(FeO + MgO) ratio of tourmaline: A useful indicator of spatial variations in granite-related hydrothermal mineral deposits. J Geochem Expl 42:371-381
372. Pirajno F, Petzel VFW, Jacob RE (1987) Geology and alteration-mineralization of the Brandberg West Sn-W deposit, Damara Orogen, South West Africa/Namibia. S African J Geol 90:256-269
373. Piroshco DW, Hodgson CJ (1988) Relationship of hydrothermal alteration to structure and stratigraphy at the Coniaurum gold mine, northern Ontario. Canadian J Earth Sci 25:2028-2040
374. Plimer IR (1983) The association of tourmaline-bearing rocks with mineralisation at Broken Hill, N.S.W. In: Proc Australas Inst Min Metall Conf, Melbourne, 12:157-176
375. Plimer IR (1986) Tourmalinites from the Golden Dyke dome, northern Australia. Mineralium Deposita 21:263-270
376. Plimer IR (1987) The association of tourmalinite with stratiform scheelite deposits. Mineralium Deposita 22:282-291
377. Plimer IR (1988) Tourmalinites associated with Australian Proterozoic submarine exhalative ores. In: GH Friedrich, PM Herzig (eds) Base metal sulfide deposits in sedimentary and volcanic environments. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 255-283
378. Plimer IR (1994) Strata-bound scheelite in meta-evaporites, Broken Hill, Australia. Econ Geol 89:423-437
379. Plimer IR, Lees TC (1988) Tourmaline-rich rocks associated with the submarine hydrothermal Rosebery Zn-Pb-Cu-Ag-Au deposit and granites in western Tasmania, Australia. Mineral Petrol 38:81-103
380. Pollard PJ, Pichavant M, Charoy B (1987) Contrasting evolution of fluorine- and boron-rich tin systems. Mineralium Deposita 22:315-321
381. Popp RK, Gilbert MC, Craig JR (1977) Stability of Fe-Mg amphiboles with respect to sulfur fugacity. Am Mineral 62:13-30
382. Pottorf RJ, Barnes HL (1983) Mineralogy, geochemistry, and ore genesis of hydrothermal sediments from the Atlantis II Deep, Red Sea. In: H Ohmoto, BJ Skinner (eds) The Kuroko and related volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits. Econ Geol Monogr 5:198-223
383. Pretorius AI, van Reenen DD, Barton JM Jr (1988) BIF-hosted gold mineralization at the Fumani mine, Sutherland greenstone belt, South Africa. S African J Geol 91:429-438
384. Preussinger H (1990) Host-rock geology of the metamorphosed massive sulfide deposits at Gorob in the Pan-African Damara orogen, Namibia. J African Earth Sci 10:717-732
385. Pushkina ZV, Stepanets MI, Orlova LP, Sinani TI (1981) Fe, Mn, Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, D, and Si in the interstitial waters of the metalliferous sediments in the Red Sea (Atlantis II and Discovery Deeps). Lithology Mineral Resources 16:587-593
386. Quirt D, Kotzer T, Kyser TK (1991) Tourmaline, phosphate minerals, zircon and pitchblende in the Athabasca Group: Maw Zone and McArthur River areas, Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan Geol Surv Misc Rept 91-4:181-191
387. Raith JG (1988) Tourmaline rocks associated with stratabound scheelite mineralization in the Austroalpine Crystalline Complex, Austria. Mineral Petrol 39:265-288
388. Raith JG (1991) Stratabound tungsten mineralization in regional metamorphic calc-silicate rocks from the Austroalpine Crystalline Complex, Austria. Mineralium Deposita 26:72-80
389. Raith JG, Prochaska W (1995) Tungsten deposits in the Wolfram schist, Namaqualand, South Africa: Strata-bound versus granite-related genetic concepts. Econ Geol 90:1934-1954
390. Rajah SS (1979) The Kinta tinfield, Malaysia. In: CH Yeap (ed) Geology of tin deposits. Geol Soc Malaysia Bull 11, p 111-136
391. Ramsden AR, Griffin WL, Plimer IR (1993) Tourmaline: A possible resistate indicator mineral for metalliferous deposits in Australia. In: B Griffin, J Graham, H Linge (eds) Int'l Congress Applied Mineralogy, Freemantle, Western Australia, Program Abstr, p 285-286
392. Rauhamaki E, Makela T, Isomaki O-P (1978) Geology of the Vihanti mine. In: Metallogeny of the Precambrian. Helsinki Acad Finland (Excursion Guide), p 35-56
393. Ren SK, Walshe JL, Paterson RG, Both RA, Andrew A (1995) Magmatic and hydrothermal history of the porphyry-style deposits of the Ardlethan tin field, New South Wales, Australia. Econ Geol 90:1620-1645
394. Reynolds RC Jr (1965) Geochemical behaviour of boron during the metamorphism of carbonate rocks. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 29:1101-1114
395. Rich RA, Holland HD, Petersen U (1977) Hydrothermal uranium deposits. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Devel Econ Geol 6
396. Riesmeyer WD (1978) Precambrian geology and ore deposits of the Pecos mining district, San Miguel and Santa Fe Counties, New Mexico. MS thesis, Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
397. Rivas S (1979) Geology of the principal tin deposits of Bolivia. In: CH Yeap (ed) Geology of tin deposits. Geol Soc Malaysia Bull 11:161-180
398. Robert F (1994) Vein fields in gold districts: The example of Val d'Or, southeastern Abitibi subprovince, Quebec. Geol Surv Canada, Current Res 1994-C:295-302
399. Robert F, Brown AC (1984) Progressive alteration associated with gold-quartz-tourmaline veins at the Sigma mine, Abitibi greenstone belt, Quebec. Econ Geol 79:393-399
400. Robert F, Brown AC (1986a) Archean gold-bearing quartz veins at the Sigma mine, Abitibi greenstone belt, Quebec: Part I. Geologic relations and formation of the vein system. Econ Geol 81:578-592
401. Robert F, Brown AC (1986b) Archean gold-bearing quartz veins at the Sigma mine, Abitibi greenstone belt, Quebec: Part II. Vein paragenesis and hydrothermal alteration. Econ Geol 81:593-616
402. Roberts RG (1987) Archean lode gold deposits. Geosci Canada 14:37-52
403. Roberts WMB (1973) Dolomitization and the genesis of the Woodcutters lead-zinc prospect, Northern Territory, Australia. Mineralium Deposita 8:35-56
404. Robinson GD (1989) Stream sediment tourmaline geochemistry in massive sulfide exploration: An example from Virginia, U.S.A. J Geochem Expl 34:173-188
405. Robinson GD, Healey K, Kelly VC (1988) Use of tourmaline in stream sediments to detect submarine exhalative sulfide deposits: Example from central Virginia, U.S.A. Appl Geochem 3:225-230
406. Rodd KM (1990) The geology and origin of the Golden Patricia deposit, Pickle Lake, Ontario, Canada. MSc thesis, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO
407. Rodd KM, Hutchinson RW (1991) Geology and origin of the Golden Patricia deposit, Pickle Lake, Ontario. Geol Assoc Canada-Mineral Assoc Canada, Program Abstr 16:A107
408. Rodriguez SE (1995) Tectonic setting of the large Au deposits of the Km 88 area, Bolivar State, southern Venezuela (abstr). In: J Kutina (ed) The relationship between metal concentration and the deep structure of the lithosphere. IAGOD Proj 354 workshop, US Geol Surv, Reston, Virginia
409. Rojkovic I, Novotny L, Háber M (1993) Stratiform and vein U, Mo and Cu mineralization in the Novoveská Huta area, CSFR. Mineralium Deposita 28:58-65
410. Rojkovic I, Puskelová L, Khun M, Medved, J (1995) U-REE-Au in veins and black shales of the Gemericum, Slovakia. In: J Pasava, B Kríbek, K Zák (eds) Mineral deposits: From their origin to their environmental impacts. Proc 3rd Biennial SGA Mtg, Prague, AA Balkema, Rotterdam, p 789-792
411. de Ronde CEJ, Spooner ETC, de Wit MJ, Bray CJ (1992) Shear zone-related, Au quartz vein deposits in the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa: Field and petrographic characteristics, fluid properties, and light stable isotope geochemistry. Econ Geol 87:366-402
412. Roos E (1976) The cassiterite-silicate formation of tin deposits in the western part of the Krusné hory Mts. (Erzgebirge), western Bohemia. Vestnik Ust Ustavu Geol 51:27-36
413. ie, Paris
414. Rozendaal A, Bruwer L (1995) Tourmaline nodules: Indicators of hydrothermal alteration and Sn-Zn-(W) mineralization in the Cape Granite Suite, South Africa. J African Earth Sci 21:141-155
415. Rozendaal A, Toros MS, Anderson JR (1986) The Rooiberg tin deposits, west-central Transvaal. In: CR Anhaeusser, S Maske (eds) Mineral deposits of southern Africa, II. Geol Soc S Africa, p 1307-1328
416. Rozendaal A, Misiewicz JE, Scheepers R (1995) The tin zone: Sediment-hosted hydrothermal tin mineralization at Rooiberg, South Africa. Mineralium Deposita 30:178-187
417. Ruiz CF (1965) Geología y yacimientos metalifferos de Chile. Editorial Universitaria, SA, Santiago
418. Ruswandi E (1988) Application of geophysical methods to investigate the extension of primary tin deposits in the Pemali open pit mine, Bangka, Indonesia. In: CS Hutchison (ed) Geology of tin deposits in Asia and the Pacific. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 557-570
419. Ruzicka V (1993) Unconformity-type uranium deposits. In: RV Kirkham, WD Sinclair, RI Thorpe, JM Duke (eds) Mineral deposit modeling. Geol Assoc Canada Spec Paper 40, p 125-149
420. Ryan PJ, Lawrence AL, Lipson RD, Moore JM, Paterson A, Stedman DP, Van Zyl D (1986) The Aggeneys base metal sulphide deposits, Namaqualand district. In: CR Anhaeusser, S Maske (eds) Mineral deposits of southern Africa, II. Geol Soc S Africa, p 1447-1473
421. Saegart WE, Sell JD, Kilpatrick BE (1974) Geology and mineralization of La Caridad porphyry copper deposit, Sonora, Mexico. Econ Geol 69:1060-1077
422. Samonov IZ, Pozharisky IF (1977) Deposits of copper. In: VI Smirnov (ed) Ore deposits of the USSR, II. Pitman Publishing, London, p 106-181
423. Sansfaçon R, Trudel P (1987) Géologie de la mine Malartic Gold Fields, région de Malartic. Québec Ministère Énergie Ressources, Rapp MB-88-24
424. Sawkins FJ (1979) Fluid inclusion studies of the Inguarán copper-bearing breccia pipes, Michaocan, Mexico. Econ Geol 74:924-927
425. Sawyer EW (1986) The influence of source rock type, chemical weathering and sorting on the geochemistry of clastic sediments from the Quetico Metasedimentary Belt, Superior Province, Canada. Chem Geol 55:77-95
426. Scherkenbach DA, Sawkins FJ, Seyfried WE Jr (1985) Geologic, fluid inclusion, and geochemical studies of the mineralized breccias at Cumobabi, Sonora, Mexico. Econ Geol 80:1566-1592
427. Schira W, Amstutz GC, Fontboté L (1990) The Pirén Alto Cu-(Zn) massive sulfide occurrence in south-central Chile - A Kieslager-type mineralization in a Paleozoic ensialic mature marginal basin setting. In: L Fontboté, GC Amstutz, M Cardozo, E Cedillo, J Frutos (eds) Stratabound ore deposits in the Andes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 229-251
428. Schneider H-J, Lehmann B (1977) Contribution to a new genetical concept on the Bolivian tin province. In: DD Klemm, H-J Schneider (eds) Time- and strata-bound ore deposits. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p 153-168
429. Schwartz MO, Rajah SS, Askury AK, Putthapiban P, Djaswadi S (1995) The Southeast Asian tin belt. Earth-Sci Rev 38:95-293
430. Shabynin LI, Pertsev NN, Malinko SV (1964) Mode of occurrence and diagnostic features of boron minerals of skarn deposits. Isd-vo Nedra Publishers, Moscow [in Russian]
431. Shaw DR, Hodgson CJ (1980) Wall-rock alteration at the Sullivan mine, Kimberley, British Columbia (abstr). Canadian Inst Min Metall Bull 73(821):75
432. Shaw DR, Hodgson CJ, Leitch CHB, Turner RJW (1993) Geochemistry of tourmaline, muscovite, and chlorite-garnet-biotite alteration, Sullivan Zn-Pb deposit, British Columbia. Geol Surv Canada Current Res Paper 93-1A:97-107
433. Shcherba GN (1970) Greisens. Int'l Geol Rev 12:114-150, 239-255
434. Shearer CK, Papike JJ, Simon SB, Laul JC, Christian RP (1984) Pegmatite/wallrock interactions, Black Hills, South Dakota: Progressive boron metasomatism adjacent to the Tip Top pegmatite. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 48:2563-2579
435. Shelnutt JP, Noble DC (1985) Premineralization radial dikes of tourmalinized fluidization breccia, Julcani district, Peru. Econ Geol 80:1622-1632
436. Shen J, Han F (1992) Tourmalinite - A mineralization-related rock type. Mineral Deposits 11:384-388 [in Chinese]
437. Sheppard RA, Gude AJ 3rd (1973) Boron-bearing potassium feldspar of authigenic origin in closed-basin deposits. J Res US Geol Surv 1:377-382
438. Shibue T (1984) Chemical compositions of tourmaline in the vein-type tungsten deposits of the Kaneuchi mine, Japan. Mineralium Deposita 19:298-303
439. Sidder GB (1995) Mineral deposits of the Venezuelan Guayana Shield. In: GB Sidder, AE García, JW Stoeser (eds) Geology and mineral deposits of the Venezuelan Guayana Shield. US Geol Surv Bull 2124, p O1-O20
440. Sillitoe RH (1973) Geology of the Los Pelambres porphyry copper deposit, Chile. Econ Geol 68:1-10
441. Sillitoe RH, Khan SN (1977) Geology of the Saindak porphyry copper deposit, Pakistan. Trans Inst Min Metall 86(B):B27-B46
442. Sillitoe RH, Sawkins FJ (1971) Geologic, mineralogic and fluid inclusion studies relating to the origin of copper-bearing tourmaline breccia pipes, Chile. Econ Geol 66:1028-1041
443. Sillitoe RH, Halls C, Grant JN (1975) Porphyry tin deposits in Bolivia. Econ Geol 70:913-927
444. Sillitoe RH, Grauberger GL, Elliott JE (1985) A diatreme-hosted gold deposit at Montana Tunnels, Montana. Econ Geol 80:1707-1721
445. da Silva LC (1991) A preliminary evaluation of the Brazilian Archean and Proterozoic strata-bound tourmalinites and their significance as potential gold deposits. In: EA Ladeira (ed) Brazil gold '91: The economics, geology, geochemistry, and genesis of gold deposits. AA Balkema, Rotterdam, p 241-245
446. Simmons SF, Sawkins FJ (1983) Mineralogic and fluid inclusion studies of the Washington Cu-Mo-W-bearing breccia pipe, Sonora, Mexico. Econ Geol 78:521-526
447. Sinclair WD, Richardson JM (1992) Quartz-tourmaline orbicules in the Seagull batholith, Yukon Territory. Canadian Mineral 30:923-935
448. Siva Siddaiah N, Rajamani V (1989) The geologic setting, mineralogy, geochemistry, and genesis of gold deposits of the Archean Kolar schist belt, India. Econ Geol 84:2155-2172
449. Skala W (1979) Some effects of the constant-sum problem in geochemistry. Chem Geol 27:1-9
450. Slack JF (1980) Tourmaline - A prospecting guide for massive base-metal sulfide deposits in the Penobscot Bay area, Maine. Maine Geol Surv Spec Econ Studies Ser 8
451. Slack JF (1982) Tourmaline in Appalachian-Caledonian massive sulphide deposits and its exploration significance. Trans Inst Min Metall 91(B):B81-B89
452. Slack JF (1993a) Descriptive and grade-tonnage models for Besshi-type massive sulphide deposits. In: RV Kirkham, WD Sinclair, RI Thorpe, JM Duke (eds) Mineral deposit modeling, Geol Assoc Canada Spec Paper 40, p 343-371
453. Slack JF (1993b) Models for tourmalinite formation in the Middle Proterozoic Belt and Purcell supergroups (Rocky Mountains) and their exploration significance. Geol Surv Canada Current Res Paper 93-1E:33-40
454. Slack JF, Coad PR (1989) Multiple hydrothermal and metamorphic events in the Kidd Creek volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit, Timmins, Ontario: Evidence from tourmalines and chlorites. Canadian J Earth Sci 26:694-715
455. Slack JF, Robinson GR Jr (1990) Retrograde metamorphic breakdown of tourmaline at Broken Hill, Australia. Geol Soc Am Abstr Programs 22:A126
456. Slack JF, Stevens BPJ (1994) Clastic metasediments of the Early Proterozoic Broken Hill Group, New South Wales, Australia: Geochemistry, provenance, and metallogenic significance. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 58:3633-3652
457. Slack JF, Taylor BE (1986) Tourmaline-sulphide relationships in metamorphosed massive sulphide deposits (abstr). 7th Quad IAGOD Symp, Luleå, Sweden, Terra Cognita 6:506
458. Slack JF, Herriman N, Barnes RG, Plimer IR (1984) Stratiform tourmalinites in metamorphic terranes and their geologic significance. Geology 12:713-716
459. Slack JF, Palmer MR, Stevens BPJ (1989) Boron isotope evidence for the involvement of non-marine evaporites in the origin of the Broken Hill ore deposits. Nature 342:913-916
460. Slack JF, Offield TW, Shanks WC III, Woodruff LG (1993a) Besshi-type massive sulfide deposits of the Vermont copper belt. Soc Econ Geol Guidebook Series 17:32-73
461. Slack JF, Palmer MR, Stevens BPJ, Barnes RG (1993b) Origin and significance of tourmaline-rich rocks in the Broken Hill district, Australia. Econ Geol 88:505-541
462. Slack JF, Passchier CW, Zhang JS (1996a) Metasomatic tourmalinite formation along basement-cover décollements, Orobic Alps, Italy. Schweitz mineral petrogr Mitt 76:193-207
463. Slack JF, Ramsden AR, Griffin WL, Win TT, French DH, Ryan CG (1996b) Trace elements in tourmalines from the Kidd Creek massive sulfide deposit and vicinity, Timmins, Ontario - A proton microprobe study. In: MD Hannington, CT Barrie, W Bleeker (eds) The Kidd Creek volcanic-associated massive sulfide deposit, Abitibi subprovince, Canada. Econ Geol Monogr 10 (in press)
464. Slack JF, Shaw DR, Leitch CHB, Turner RJW (1996c) Tourmalinites and coticules from the Sullivan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit and vicinity, British Columbia: Geology, geochemistry, and genesis. In: JW Lydon, T Höy, JF Slack, ME Knapp (eds) The Sullivan lead-zinc-silver deposit, Kimberley, British Columbia, and its geological environment. Geol Surv Canada Bull (submitted)
465. Slensak SI (1967) On tourmaline rock of the central part of the Ukrainian crystalline shield. Akad Nauk URSR, Kiev, Dopovidi, B(6):491-494 [in Ukrainian with English abstract]
466. Smirnov VI (1976) Geology of mineral deposits. Mir Publishers, Moscow
467. Smith HH (1926) Discovery of tourmaline in a Norwegian pyrites deposit. Bull Inst Min Metall 267:1-4
468. Smith MP, Yardley BWD (1996) The boron isotopic composition of tourmaline as a guide to fluid processes in the southwest England orefield: An ion microprobe study. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 60:1415-1427
469. Smith PK, Kontak DJ (1988) Meguma gold studies II: Vein morphology, classification and information, a new interpretation of "crack-seal" quartz veins. Nova Scotia Dept Mines Energy, Mines Min Branch Rept 88-1:61-76
470. Smith SM, Closs LG, Theobald PK (1987) Trace-element variation in hydrothermal tourmalines associated with mineralization: El Correo, Sonora, Mexico. In: IL Elliott, BW Smee (eds) GEOEXPO/86, Exploration in the North American Cordillera. Assoc Expl Geochem, Rexdale, Ontario, p 109-125
471. Smithies RH, Pirajno F (1989) The alteration-mineralization of the Van Rooi's Vley W-Sn deposit, Namaqualand Metamorphic Complex, South Africa. S African J Geol 92:427-435
472. Smolonogov S, Marshall B (1993) A genetic model for the Woodcutters Pb-Zn-Ag orebodies, Northern Territory, Australia. Ore Geol Rev 8:65-88
473. So C-S, Shelton KL (1983) A sulfur isotopic and fluid inclusion study of the Cu-W-bearing tourmaline breccia pipe, Ilkwang mine, Republic of Korea. Econ Geol 78:326-332
474. Solomon M, Groves DI (1994) The geology and origin of Australia's mineral deposits. Clarendon Press, Oxford
475. Solomon M, Vokes FM, Walshe JL (1987) Chemical remobilization of volcanic-hosted sulfide deposits at Rosebery and Mt. Lyell, Tasmania. Ore Geol Rev 2:173-190
476. Solt R (1993) Tourmalinites from the Passagem de Mariana mine, Minas Gerais, Brazil. MS thesis, Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID
477. Sonnet PM, Verkaeren J (1989) Scheelite-, malayaite-, and axinite-bearing skarns from El Hammam, central Morocco. Econ Geol 84:575-590
478. Spencer AC (1906) The Juneau gold belt, Alaska. US Geol Surv Bull 287
479. Spilsbury TW (1995) The Schaft Creek copper-molybdenum-gold-silver porphyry deposit, northwestern British Columbia. In: TG Schroeter (ed) Porphyry deposits of the northwestern Cordillera of North America. Canadian Inst Min Metall Petrol, Spec Vol 46:239-246
480. Spivack AJ (1986) Boron isotope geochemistry. PhD dissertation, Massachusetts Inst Technology-Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst, Joint Program Oceanography, Cambridge-Woods Hole, MA
481. Spry PG (1990) Geochemistry and origin of coticules (spessartine-quartz rocks) associated with metamorphosed massive sulfide deposits. In: PG Spry, LT Bryndzia (eds) Regional metamorphism of ore deposits and genetic implications. VSP Publishers, Utrecht, p 49-75
482. Spry PG, Rosenberg JL, Jacobson CE, Vokes FM (1995) A metamorphic sulphidation-oxidation halo associated with the Bleikvassli Zn-Pb-(Cu) deposit, Nordland, Norway. In: J Pasava, B Kríbek, K Zák (eds) Mineral deposits: From their origin to their environmental impacts. Proc 3rd Biennial SGA Mtg, Prague, AA Balkema, Rotterdam, p 909-912
483. Stear WM (1977) The stratabound tin-deposits and structure of the Rooiberg fragment. Trans Geol Soc S Africa 80:67-78
484. Steven NM, Moore JM (1995) Tourmalinite mineralization in the Late Proterozoic Kuiseb Formation of the Damara orogen, central Namibia: Evidence for a replacement origin. Econ Geol 90:1098-1117
485. Steven NM, Armstrong RA, Moore JM (1993) The Sandamap Noord gold prospect, central Namibia: Discovery of a new style of turbidite-hosted gold mineralization. Int'l Geol Rev 35:840-854
486. Stubican V, Roy R (1962) Boron substitution in synthetic micas and clays. Am Mineral 47:1166-1173
487. Stutzer O (1906) Turmalin führende Kobalterzgänge. Zeits Praktische Geol 14:294-298
488. Sun H-T, Ge CH (1989) Discovery of banded tourmalinite and mineralized tourmaline-rich chemical sedimentary rocks from stratabound and stratiform copper deposits in Zhongtiaoshan district, Shanxi Province. Kexue Tongbao [Chinese Sci Bull] 34:846-851
489. Sureda RJ, Perez HD, Martín JL, Flores FJ (1992) Exploración y desarrollo en un depósito sedex (Zn, Pb, Ba) de la Sierra de Aguilar: Mina Esperanza, Jujuy, Argentina. In: IV Congresso Nacional de Geología Económica, Cordoba, p 135-147
490. Suthakorn P (1973) Klong Paw tin deposits, Ampoe Sichol, Nakhonsithammarat Province. Thailand Dept Mineral Resources, Econ Geol Division
491. Sweeney MA, Binda PL (1989) The role of diagenesis in the formation of the Konkola Cu-Co orebody of the Zambian Copperbelt. In: RW Boyle, AC Brown, CW Jefferson, EC Jowett, RV Kirkham (eds) Sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits, Geol Assoc Canada Spec Paper 36:499-518
492. Taner MF, Martin RF (1993) Significance of dumortierite in an aluminosilicate-rich alteration zone, Louvicourt, Quebec. Canadian Mineral 31:137-146
493. Taube A (1984) The geology of the Woodcutters lead-zinc-silver deposit and its environment, Rum Jungle area, Northern Territory. Proc Australas Inst Min Metall Conf 13:347-356
494. Taylor BE, Friedrichsen H (1983) Light stable isotope systematics of granitic pegmatites from North America and Norway. Isotope Geosci 1:127-167
495. Taylor BE, Slack JF (1984) Tourmalines from Appalachian-Caledonian massive sulfide deposits: Textural, chemical, and isotopic relationships. Econ Geol 79:1703-1726
496. Taylor BE, Slack JF (1985) Tourmalines from Appalachian-Caledonian massive sulfide deposits: Textural, chemical, and isotopic relationships - A reply. Econ Geol 80:2040-2044
497. Taylor DE, Foord EE, Friedrichsen H (1979) Stable isotope and fluid inclusion studies of gem-bearing granitic pegmatite-aplite dikes, San Diego Co., California. Contrib Mineral Petrol 68:187-205
498. Taylor BE, Palmer MR, Slack JF (1991) Kidd Creek tourmaline: An oxygen, hydrogen, and boron isotopic tracer of hydrothermal fluids. Geol Assoc Canada-Mineral Assoc Canada, Program Abstr 16:A122
499. 2O in granitic batholiths. J Geol Soc [London] 133:509-558
500. Taylor RG (1979) Geology of tin deposits. Develop Econ Geol 11, Elsevier, Amsterdam
501. Taylor RP, Ikingura JR, Fallick AE, Huang Y, Watkinson DH (1992) Stable isotope compositions of tourmalines from granites and related hydrothermal rocks of the Karagwe-Ankolean belt, northwest Tanzania. Chem Geol 94:215-227
502. Taylor SR, McLennan SM (1985) The continental crust: Its composition and evolution. Blackwell, Oxford
503. Thalhammer OAR, Stumpfl EF, Jahoda R (1989) The Mittersill scheelite deposit, Austria. Econ Geol 84:1153-1171
504. Theriault BD (1989) Geology, alteration and mineralization at the Atlas mine, Coeur d'Alene mining district, Shoshone County, Idaho. MS thesis, Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA
505. Thompson G, Melson WG (1970) Boron contents of serpentinites and metabasalts in the oceanic crust: Implications for the boron cycle in the oceans. Earth Planet Sci Lett 8:61-65
506. Tomkinson MJ (1991) The Shires shear zone, New Consort gold mine, Barberton Mountain Land. In: LD Ashwal (ed) Two cratons and an orogen - Excursion guidebook and review articles for a field workshop through selected Archaean terranes of Swaziland, South Africa and Zimbabwe. IGCP Project 280, Dept Geology, Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, p 185-192
507. Trägårdh J (1990) Tourmaline-bearing chlorite- and cordierite-rich mica schists in the Bergslagen region, south-central Sweden - An example of progressive metamorphism of magnesium-enriched felsic volcanic rocks. Geol Fören Stockholm Förhand 112:199-202
508. Trudu AG (1984) Petrology, structure and origin of the K-1 scheelite orebody, Westfeld sector, Felbertal, Austria. MSc thesis, Queen's Univ, Kingston, Ontario
509. Trudu AG, Taylor JR (1991) The Felbertal scheelite deposit (Austria): Strongly deformed and regionally metamorphosed, granite-related mineralization? Geol Assoc Canada-Mineral Assoc Canada, Program Abstr 16:A125
510. Turneaure FS (1935) The tin deposits of Llallagua, Bolivia. Econ Geol 30:14-60 and 170-190
511. Turneaure FS (1960) A comparative study of the major ore deposits of central Bolivia. Econ Geol 55:217-254 and 574-606
512. Turneaure FS, Welker KK (1947) The ore deposits of the eastern Andes of Bolivia. The Cordillera Real. Econ Geol 42:595-625
513. Turner RJW (1992) Formation of Phanerozoic stratiform sediment-hosted zinc-lead deposits: Evidence for the critical role of ocean anoxia. Chem Geol 99:165-188
514. Turner RJW, Leitch CHB, Delaney G (1995a) Physical evolution of vent complex, Sullivan Zn-Pb-Ag deposit, B.C. Geol Assoc Canada-Mineral Assoc Canada, Program Abstr 20:A105
515. Turner RJW, Leitch CHB, Höy T (1995b) Proterozoic graben-controlled hydrothermal field associated with the Sullivan stratiform Zn-Pb-Ag deposit. The Gangue [Geol Assoc Canada-Mineral Assoc Canada, Mineral Deposits Div Newsletter] 49:12-13
516. Uspenskiy YeI, Aleshin AP (1993) Patterns of scheelite mineralization in the Muruntau gold deposit, Uzbekistan. Int'l Geol Rev 35:1037-1051
517. Valsardieu CA, Cocquio DS, Bauchau C (1980) Uranium-molybdenum mineralization at Ben Lomond, Hervey Range, north Queensland, Australia Proc Australas Inst Min Metall 273:27-35
518. Van Hees EHP (1979) Auriferous ankerite vein genesis in the Aunor mine, Timmins, Ontario. MSc thesis, Univ Western Ontario, London, Ontario
519. Varela FE Jr (1973) Tourmaline in the Cananea mining district, Sonora, Mexico. MA thesis, Univ California, Berkeley, CA
520. Vial DS, Fusikawa R, Castro EPG, Vieira MMH (1988) The sulfide-tourmaline-quartz-vein gold deposit of Passagem de Mariana, Minas Gerais, Brazil. In: Bicentennial Gold '88, Geol Soc Australia, Abstr Ser 22:30-35
521. Vikre PG (1981) Silver mineralization in the Rochester district, Pershing County, Nevada Econ Geol 76:580-609
522. Viljoen MJ (1984) Archaean gold mineralization and komatiites in southern Africa. In: RP Foster (ed) Gold '82:595-627, The geology, geochemistry and genesis of gold deposits. AA Balkema, Rotterdam, p 595-627
523. Voges FD (1986) The New Consort gold mine, Barberton greenstone belt. In: CR Anhaeusser, S Maske (eds) Mineral deposits of southern Africa, I. Geol Soc S Africa, Johannesburg, p 163-168
524. Vokes FM (1963) Geological studies on the Caledonian pyritic zinc-lead orebody at Bleikvassli, Nordland, Norway. Norges Geol Under 222
525. Von Damm KL, Bischoff, JL (1987) Chemistry of hydrothermal solutions from the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge. J Geophys Res 92(B):11,334-11,346
526. Von Damm KL, Edmond JM, Measures CI, Grant B (1985) Chemistry of submarine hydrothermal solutions at Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 49:2221-2237
527. Wadhawan SK, Roonwal GS (1977) Genetic significance of tourmaline associated with sulphide mineralization at Zawar area, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. N Jahrb Mineral Monat 5:233-237
528. Wagener JHF, van Schalkwyk I (1986) The Prieska zinc-copper deposit, northwest Cape Province. In: CR Anhaeusser, S Maske (eds) Mineral deposits of southern Africa, II. Geol Soc S Africa, Johannesburg, p 1503-1528
529. Warden AJ (1985) Reappraisal of geological setting and potential of Kilembe copper mine, Uganda. Trans Inst Min Metall 94(B):B94-B105
530. Warnaars FW, Holmgren D, Barassi F (1985) Porphyry copper and tourmaline breccias at Los Bronces-Rio Blanco, Chile. Econ Geol 80:1544-1565
531. 2O. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 48:1331-1344
532. Wesolowski DJ, Palmer DA (1992) Experimental studies of aluminum solubility and speciation in brines. In: YK Kharaka, AS Maest (eds) Water-rock Interaction. Proc 7th Int'l Symp Water-Rock Interaction, AA Balkema, Rotterdam, 1:185-188
533. White DE, Roberson CE (1962) Sulphur Bank, California, a major hot-spring quicksilver deposit. In: AEJ Engel, HL James, BF Leonard (eds) Petrologic studies: A volume in honor of A.F. Buddington. Geol Soc America, p 397-428
534. Wilkins C (1993) A post-deformational, post-peak metamorphic timing for mineralization at the Archaean Big Bell gold deposit. Western Australia. Ore Geol Rev 7:439-483
535. Williams PJ (1991) Geology, alteration and mesothermal Au-Ag-mineralization associated with a volcanic-intrusive complex at Mt. Shamrock-Mt. Ophir, SE Queensland. Mineralium Deposita 26:11-17
536. Williams PJ (1994) Iron mobility during synmetamorphic alteration in the Selwyn Range area, NW Queensland: Implications for the origin of ironstone-hosted Au-Cu deposits. Mineralium Deposita 29:250-260
537. Williams PJ, Pendergast WJ (1994) The Pegmont Pb-Zn deposit, Mount Isa district, Australia: Is it metamorphosed? Working group on ores and metamorphism, Newsletter 5:13-17
538. Willner AP (1992) Tourmalinites from the stratiform peraluminous metamorphic suite of the central Namaqua Mobile Belt (South Africa). Mineralium Deposita 27:304-313
539. Wojdak PJ, Sinclair AJ (1984) Equity Silver silver-copper-gold deposit: Alteration and fluid inclusion studies. Econ Geol 79:969-990
540. Wolf MB, London D, Morgan GB VI (1994) Effects of boron on the solubility of cassiterite and tantalite in granitic liquids. Geol Soc Am Abstr Programs 26(7):A-450
541. Wood PC (1991) The Hollinger-McIntyre gold-quartz vein system, Timmins, Ontario: Geologic characteristics, fluid properties and light stable isotope geochemistry. Ontario Geol Surv Open File Rept 5756
542. Wright JH, Kwak TAP (1989) Tin-bearing greisens of Mount Bischoff, northwestern Tasmania, Australia. Econ Geol 84:551-574
543. Wrucke CT, Marsh SP, Conway CM, Ellis CE, Kulik DM, Moss CK, Raines GL (1983) Mineral resource potential map of the Mazatzal Wilderness and contiguous roadless area, Gila, Maricopa, and Yavapai Counties, Arizona. US Geol Surv Misc Field Studies Map MF-1573-A, scale 1:48000 [includes 15-page pamphlet]
544. Yamaoka K (1962) Studies on the bedded cupriferous iron sulphide deposits occurring in the Sambagawa metamorphic zone. Tokoku Univ Sci Rpts 3(8):1-68
545. Yardley BWD, Rochelle CA, Barnicoat AC, Lloyd GE (1991) Oscillatory zoning in metamorphic minerals: An indicator of infiltration metasomatism. Mineral Mag 55:357-365
546. You C-F, Butterfield DA, Spivack AJ, Gieskes JM, Gamo T, Campbell AJ (1994) Boron and halide systematics in submarine hydrothermal systems: Effects of phase separation and sedimentary contributions. Earth Planet Sci Lett 123:227-238
547. Zhang JS, Passchier CW, Slack JF, Fliervoet TF, de Boorder H (1994) Cryptocrystalline Permian tourmalinites of possible metasomatic origin in the Orobic Alps, northern Italy. Econ Geol 89:391-396
548. Zweifel H (1976) Aitik - Geological documentation of a disseminated copper deposit. Sveriges Geol Undersok C720
549. Zweng PL, Clark AH (1995) Hypogene evolution of the Toquepala porphyry copper-molybdenum deposit, Moquegua, southeastern Peru. In: FW Pierce, JG Bolm (eds) Porphyry copper deposits of the American Cordillera. Ariz Geol Soc Digest 20, p 566-612