Isokinetic work profile of shoulder flexors and extensors in sport climbers and nonclimbers

Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy

Volumn 38, Issue 9, 2008, Pages 572-577

  Wong, Emmy K L ^a   Ng, Gabriel Y F ^a  

^a HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Climbing; Glenohumeral joint; Muscles; Strength

Indexed keywords

EID: 51949102781     PISSN: 01906011     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2008.2779     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Amiridis IG, Cometti G, Morlon B, Van Hoecke J. Concentric and/or eccentric training-induced alterations in shoulder flexor and extensor strength. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1997;25:26-33.
2. Bak K, Magnusson SP. Shoulder strength and range of motion in symptomatic and pain-free elite swimmers. Am J Sports Med. 1997;25:454-459.
3. Bollen SR. Soft tissue injury in extreme rock climbers. Br J Sports Med. 1988;22:145-147.
4. Bollen SR. Upper limb injuries in elite rock climbers. J R Coll Surg Edinb. 1990;35:S18-20.
5. Chan KM, Maffulli N, Korkia P, Li CT. Principles and Practice of Isokinetics in Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation. Hong Kong, China: Williams & Wilkins; 1996.
6. Duncan PW, Chandler JM, Cavanaugh DK, Johnson KR, Buehler AG. Mode and speed specificity of eccentric and concentric exercise training. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1989;11:70-75.
7. Ellenbecker TS. A total arm strength isokinetic profile of highly skilled tennis players. Isokinet Exerc Sci. 1991;1:9-21.
8. Ellenbecker TS, Davies GJ. The application of isokinetics in testing and rehabilitation of the shoulder complex. J Athl Train. 2000;35:338-350.
9. Goddard D, Neumann U. Performance Rock Climbing. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books; 1993.
10. Gulick J, Kropp K, Robbins J. The developmentally regulated expression of two linked myosin heavy-chain genes. Eur J Biochem. 1987;169:79-84.
11. Hamill J, Knutzen KM. Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2003.
12. Hancock RE, Hawkins RJ. Applications of electromyography in the throwing shoulder. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996;84-97.
13. Horst E. How to Rock Climb Series. Evergreen, CO: Chockstone Press Inc; 1994.
14. Humphries D. Medscape Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine eJournal. Diagnosis, management, and prevention of climbing injuries. Available at: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/408491. Accessed March 14, 1998.
15. Ivey FM, Jr., Calhoun JH, Rusche K, Bierschenk J. Isokinetic testing of shoulder strength: normal values. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1985;66:384-386.
16. Maitland M. Injuries associated with rock climbing. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1992;16:68-72.
17. Mayer F, Horstmann T, Bäurle W, Grau S, Handel M, Dickhuth H. Diagnostics with isokinetic devices in shoulder measurements: potentials and limits. Isokinet Exerc Sci. 2001;9:19-25.
18. Michener LA, McClure PW, Karduna AR. Anatomical and biomechanical mechanisms of subacromial impingement syndrome. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2003;18:369-379.
19. Ng GY, Lam PC. A study of antagonist/agonist isokinetic work ratios of shoulder rotators in men who play badminton. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2002;32:399-404.
20. Ng GYF, Stokes M. EMG recordings of the respiratory muscles during unilateral and bilateral chest expansion. Aust J Physiother. 1997;2:51-56.
21. Perrin DH. Isokinetic Exercise and Assessment. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers; 1993.
22. Petersen S, Wessel J, Bagnall K, Wilkins H, Quinney A, Wenger H. Influence of concentric resistance training on concentric and eccentric strength. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1990;71:101-105.
23. Rooks MD. Rock climbing injuries. Sports Med. 1997;23:261-270.
24. Rooks MD, Johnston RB, 3rd, Ensor CD, McIntosh B, James S. Injury patterns in recreational rock climbers. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23:683-685.
25. Ryu RK, McCormick J, Jobe FW, Moynes DR, Antonelli DJ. An electromyographic analysis of shoulder function in tennis players. Am J Sports Med. 1988;16:481-485.
26. Scoville CR, Arciero RA, Taylor DC, Stoneman PD. End range eccentric antagonist/concentric agonist strength ratios: a new perspective in shoulder strength assessment. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1997;25:203-207.
27. Shea KG, Shea OF, Meals RA. Manual demands and consequences of rock climbing. J Hand Surg [Am]. 1992;17:200-205.
28. Williams B, Hudson MB, Evans TA. Recognition and prevention of injuries in recreational rock climbers. Phys Edu Rec Dance. 2003;74:29-32.