메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 39, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 514-522

Parasitemia in PCR-detected Plasmodium and Haemoproteus infections in birds

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIRD; BLOOD; HOST-PARASITE INTERACTION; INFECTIOUS DISEASE; PARASITE; PROTOZOAN;

EID: 51649095589     PISSN: 09088857     EISSN: 1600048X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.0908-8857.2008.04308.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (52)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 0018277954 scopus 로고
    • Haemoproteus columbae: Course of infection, relapse and immunity to reinfection in the pigeon
    • Ahmed, F. E. Mohammed, A. H. 1978. Haemoproteus columbae: course of infection, relapse and immunity to reinfection in the pigeon Z. f. Parasitenkunde 57 : 229 36.
    • (1978) Z. F. Parasitenkunde , vol.57 , pp. 229-36
    • Ahmed, F.E.1    Mohammed, A.H.2
  • 2
    • 0033941999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Island and taxon effects in parasitism and resistance of Lesser Antillean birds
    • Apanius, V., Yorinks, N., Bermingham, E. Ricklefs, R. E. 2000. Island and taxon effects in parasitism and resistance of Lesser Antillean birds Ecology 81 : 1959 1969.
    • (2000) Ecology , vol.81 , pp. 1959-1969
    • Apanius, V.1    Yorinks, N.2    Bermingham, E.3    Ricklefs, R.E.4
  • 3
    • 0007559604 scopus 로고
    • Host specificity and morphometric variation of Haemoproteus meleagridis Levine, 1961 (Protozoa: Haemosporina) in gallinaceous birds
    • Atkinson, C. T. 1986. Host specificity and morphometric variation of Haemoproteus meleagridis Levine, 1961 (Protozoa: Haemosporina) in gallinaceous birds Can. J. Zool. 64 : 2634 2638.
    • (1986) Can. J. Zool. , vol.64 , pp. 2634-2638
    • Atkinson, C.T.1
  • 4
    • 0024618659 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructure of the ookinetes of Haemoproteus meleagridis (Haemosporina: Haemoproteidae)
    • Atkinson, C. T. 1989. Ultrastructure of the ookinetes of Haemoproteus meleagridis (Haemosporina: Haemoproteidae) J. Parasitol. 75 : 135 41.
    • (1989) J. Parasitol. , vol.75 , pp. 135-41
    • Atkinson, C.T.1
  • 5
    • 0026336087 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenecity and epizootiology of avian haematozoa: Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon, and Haemoproteus
    • Loye, J. E. Zuk, M. Oxford University Press, New York
    • Atkinson, C. T. Van Riper, C. III. 1991. Pathogenecity and epizootiology of avian haematozoa: Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon, and Haemoproteus Loye, J. E. Zuk, M. Bird-parasite interactions. Ecology, evolution, and behavior. Oxford University Press, New York 19 48.
    • (1991) Bird-parasite Interactions. Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior. , pp. 19-48
    • Atkinson, C.T.1    V.riper, I.C.2
  • 6
    • 0035235722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serological responses and immunity to superinfection with avian malaria in experimentally-infected Hawaii amakihi
    • Atkinson, C. T., Dusek, R. J. Lease, J. K. 2001a. Serological responses and immunity to superinfection with avian malaria in experimentally-infected Hawaii amakihi J. Wildl. Dis. 37 : 20 27.
    • (2001) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.37 , pp. 20-27
    • Atkinson, C.T.1    Dusek, R.J.2    Lease, J.K.3
  • 7
    • 0035022337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenicity, serological responses, and diagnosis of experimental and natural malarial infections in native Hawaiian thrushes
    • Atkinson, C. T., Lease, J. K., Drake, B. M. Shema, N. P. 2001b. Pathogenicity, serological responses, and diagnosis of experimental and natural malarial infections in native Hawaiian thrushes Condor 103 : 209 218.
    • (2001) Condor , vol.103 , pp. 209-218
    • Atkinson, C.T.1    Lease, J.K.2    Drake, B.M.3    Shema, N.P.4
  • 8
    • 0029556130 scopus 로고
    • Wildlife disease and conservation in Hawaii: Pathogenicity of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) in experimentally infected iiwi (Vestiaria coccinea)
    • Atkinson, C. T., Woods, K. L., Dusek, R. J., Sileo, L. S. Iko, W. M. 1995. Wildlife disease and conservation in Hawaii: pathogenicity of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) in experimentally infected iiwi (Vestiaria coccinea) Parasitol. 111 Suppl : S59 69.
    • (1995) Parasitol. , vol.111
    • Atkinson, C.T.1    Woods, K.L.2    Dusek, R.J.3    Sileo, L.S.4    Iko, W.M.5
  • 10
    • 3843091789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linkage between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences in avian malaria parasites: Multiple cases of cryptic speciation?
    • Bensch, S., Pérez-Tris, J., Waldenström, J. Hellgren, O. 2004. Linkage between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences in avian malaria parasites: multiple cases of cryptic speciation? Evolution 58 : 1617 1621.
    • (2004) Evolution , vol.58 , pp. 1617-1621
    • Bensch, S.1    Pérez-Tris, J.2    Waldenström, J.3    Hellgren, O.4
  • 11
    • 0034617941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host specificity in avian blood parasites: A study of Plasmodium and Haemoproteus mitochondrial DNA amplified from birds
    • Bensch, S., Stjernman, M., Hasselquist, D., Ostman, O., Hansson, B., Westerdahl, H. Pinheiro, R. T. 2000. Host specificity in avian blood parasites: a study of Plasmodium and Haemoproteus mitochondrial DNA amplified from birds Proc. R. Soc. B 267 : 1583 1589.
    • (2000) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.267 , pp. 1583-1589
    • Bensch, S.1    Stjernman, M.2    Hasselquist, D.3    Ostman, O.4    Hansson, B.5    Westerdahl, H.6    Pinheiro, R.T.7
  • 12
    • 0242584415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Island and taxon effects in parasitism revisited: Avian malaria in the Lesser Antilles
    • Fallon, S. M., Bermingham, E. Ricklefs, R. E. 2003a. Island and taxon effects in parasitism revisited: avian malaria in the Lesser Antilles Evolution 57 : 606 615.
    • (2003) Evolution , vol.57 , pp. 606-615
    • Fallon, S.M.1    Bermingham, E.2    Ricklefs, R.E.3
  • 13
    • 17044426352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host specialization and geographic localization of avian malaria parasites: A regional analysis in the Lesser Antilles
    • Fallon, S. M., Bermingham, E. Ricklefs, R. E. 2005. Host specialization and geographic localization of avian malaria parasites: a regional analysis in the Lesser Antilles Am. Nat. 165 : 466 480.
    • (2005) Am. Nat. , vol.165 , pp. 466-480
    • Fallon, S.M.1    Bermingham, E.2    Ricklefs, R.E.3
  • 14
    • 0344420370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting avian malaria: An improved polymerase chain reaction diagnostic
    • Fallon, S. M., Ricklefs, R. E., Swanson, B. L. Bermingham, E. 2003b. Detecting avian malaria: an improved polymerase chain reaction diagnostic J. Parasitol. 89 : 1044 1047.
    • (2003) J. Parasitol. , vol.89 , pp. 1044-1047
    • Fallon, S.M.1    Ricklefs, R.E.2    Swanson, B.L.3    Bermingham, E.4
  • 15
    • 0029557315 scopus 로고
    • A PCR test for avian malaria in Hawaiian birds
    • Feldman, R. A., Freed, L. A. Cann, R. L. 1995. A PCR test for avian malaria in Hawaiian birds Mol. Ecol. 4 : 663 73.
    • (1995) Mol. Ecol. , vol.4 , pp. 663-73
    • Feldman, R.A.1    Freed, L.A.2    Cann, R.L.3
  • 16
    • 0346368170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On polymerase chain reaction tests for estimating prevalence of malaria in birds
    • Freed, L. A. Cann, R. L. 2003. On polymerase chain reaction tests for estimating prevalence of malaria in birds J. Parasitol. 89 : 1261 1264.
    • (2003) J. Parasitol. , vol.89 , pp. 1261-1264
    • Freed, L.A.1    Cann, R.L.2
  • 17
    • 33646874551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA quality and accuracy of avian malaria PCR diagnostics: A review
    • Freed, L. A. Cann, R. L. 2006. DNA quality and accuracy of avian malaria PCR diagnostics: a review Condor 108 : 459 473.
    • (2006) Condor , vol.108 , pp. 459-473
    • Freed, L.A.1    Cann, R.L.2
  • 19
    • 0028011003 scopus 로고
    • An ELISA for detecting anti-Plasmodium spp. antibodies in African black-footed penguins (Spheniscus demersus)
    • Graczyk, T. K., Cranfield, M. R., Skjoldager, M. L. Shaw, M. L. 1994. An ELISA for detecting anti-Plasmodium spp. antibodies in African black-footed penguins (Spheniscus demersus) J. Parasitol. 80 : 60 6.
    • (1994) J. Parasitol. , vol.80 , pp. 60-6
    • Graczyk, T.K.1    Cranfield, M.R.2    Skjoldager, M.L.3    Shaw, M.L.4
  • 21
    • 0025301417 scopus 로고
    • Sexual reproduction as an adaptation to resist parasites
    • Hamilton, W. D., Axelrod, R. Tanese, R. 1990. Sexual reproduction as an adaptation to resist parasites Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 87 : 3566 3573.
    • (1990) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.87 , pp. 3566-3573
    • Hamilton, W.D.1    Axelrod, R.2    Tanese, R.3
  • 22
    • 0020336255 scopus 로고
    • Heritable true fitness and bright birds: A role for parasites
    • Hamilton, W. D. Zuk, M. 1982. Heritable true fitness and bright birds: a role for parasites Science 218 : 384 387.
    • (1982) Science , vol.218 , pp. 384-387
    • Hamilton, W.D.1    Zuk, M.2
  • 23
    • 34848893590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity and phylogeny of mitochondrial cytochrome b lineages from six morphospecies of avian Haemoproteus (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae)
    • Hellgren, O., Krizanaskiene, A., Valkiunas, G. Bensch, S. 2007. Diversity and phylogeny of mitochondrial cytochrome b lineages from six morphospecies of avian Haemoproteus (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae) J. Parasitol. 93 : 889 896.
    • (2007) J. Parasitol. , vol.93 , pp. 889-896
    • Hellgren, O.1    Krizanaskiene, A.2    Valkiunas, G.3    Bensch, S.4
  • 24
    • 4344578955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new PCR assay for simultaneous studies of Leucocytozoon, Plasmodium, and Haemoproteus from avian blood
    • Hellgren, O., Waldenström, J. Bensch, S. 2004. A new PCR assay for simultaneous studies of Leucocytozoon, Plasmodium, and Haemoproteus from avian blood J. Parasitol. 90 : 797 802.
    • (2004) J. Parasitol. , vol.90 , pp. 797-802
    • Hellgren, O.1    Waldenström, J.2    Bensch, S.3
  • 25
    • 0000987449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunogenetics and resistance to avian malaria in Hawaiian honeycreepers (Drepanidinae)
    • Jarvi, S. I., Atkinson, C. T. Fleischer, R. C. 2001. Immunogenetics and resistance to avian malaria in Hawaiian honeycreepers (Drepanidinae) Stud. Avian Biol. 22 : 254 263.
    • (2001) Stud. Avian Biol. , vol.22 , pp. 254-263
    • Jarvi, S.I.1    Atkinson, C.T.2    Fleischer, R.C.3
  • 26
    • 0036196976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PCR diagnostics underestimate the prevalence of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) in experimentally-infected passerines
    • Jarvi, S. I., Schultz, J. J. Atkinson, C. T. 2002. PCR diagnostics underestimate the prevalence of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) in experimentally-infected passerines J. Parasitol. 88 : 153 188.
    • (2002) J. Parasitol. , vol.88 , pp. 153-188
    • Jarvi, S.I.1    Schultz, J.J.2    Atkinson, C.T.3
  • 27
    • 0035852656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does clutch size evolve in response to parasites and immunocompetence?
    • Martin, T. E., Møller, A. P., Merino, S. Clobert, J. 2001. Does clutch size evolve in response to parasites and immunocompetence? Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98 : 2071 2076.
    • (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.98 , pp. 2071-2076
    • Martin, T.E.1    Møller, A.P.2    Merino, S.3    Clobert, J.4
  • 28
    • 33747070224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological versus molecular identification of avian Haemosporidia: An exploration of three species concepts
    • Martinsen, E. S., Paperna, I. Schall, J. J. 2006. Morphological versus molecular identification of avian Haemosporidia: an exploration of three species concepts Parasitol. 133 : 279 288.
    • (2006) Parasitol. , vol.133 , pp. 279-288
    • Martinsen, E.S.1    Paperna, I.2    Schall, J.J.3
  • 29
    • 41049117759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A three-genome phylogeny of malaria parasites (Plasmodium and closely related genera): Evolution of life-history traits and host switches
    • Martinsen, E. S., Perkins, S. L. Schall, J. J. 2008. A three-genome phylogeny of malaria parasites (Plasmodium and closely related genera): evolution of life-history traits and host switches Mol. Phyl. Evol. 47 : 261 273.
    • (2008) Mol. Phyl. Evol. , vol.47 , pp. 261-273
    • Martinsen, E.S.1    Perkins, S.L.2    Schall, J.J.3
  • 31
    • 3242891756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in Haemoproteus sex ratios: Fertility insurance or differential sex lifespan?
    • Merino, S., Tomas, G., Moreno, J., Sanz, J. J., Arriero, E. Folgueira, C. 2004. Changes in Haemoproteus sex ratios: fertility insurance or differential sex lifespan? Proc. R. Soc. B 271 : 1605 1609.
    • (2004) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.271 , pp. 1605-1609
    • Merino, S.1    Tomas, G.2    Moreno, J.3    Sanz, J.J.4    Arriero, E.5    Folgueira, C.6
  • 32
    • 12844274599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coevolutionary arms races: Increased host immune defense promotes specialization by avian fleas
    • Møller, A. P., Christe, P. Garamszegi, L. Z. 2005. Coevolutionary arms races: increased host immune defense promotes specialization by avian fleas J. Evol. Biol. 18 : 46 59.
    • (2005) J. Evol. Biol. , vol.18 , pp. 46-59
    • Møller, A.P.1    Christe, P.2    Garamszegi, L.Z.3
  • 33
    • 0033102558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parasitism, host immune function, and sexual selection
    • Møller, A. P., Christe, P. Lux, E. 1999. Parasitism, host immune function, and sexual selection Quart. Rev. Biol. 74 : 3 20.
    • (1999) Quart. Rev. Biol. , vol.74 , pp. 3-20
    • Møller, A.P.1    Christe, P.2    Lux, E.3
  • 34
    • 34247335471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malaria and risk of predation: A comparative study of birds
    • Møller, A. P. Nielsen, J. T. 2007. Malaria and risk of predation: a comparative study of birds Ecology 88 : 871 881.
    • (2007) Ecology , vol.88 , pp. 871-881
    • Møller, A.P.1    Nielsen, J.T.2
  • 35
    • 0030429455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Great tits Parus major trade health for reproduction
    • Ots, I. Horak, P. 1996. Great tits Parus major trade health for reproduction Proc. R. Soc. B 263 : 1443 1447.
    • (1996) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.263 , pp. 1443-1447
    • Ots, I.1    Horak, P.2
  • 36
    • 0001566178 scopus 로고
    • Distribution and host-parasite check-list of the haematozoa of birds in Western Europe
    • Peirce, M. A. 1981. Distribution and host-parasite check-list of the haematozoa of birds in Western Europe J. Nat. Hist. 15 : 419 458.
    • (1981) J. Nat. Hist. , vol.15 , pp. 419-458
    • Peirce, M.A.1
  • 37
    • 22544461651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersal increases local transmission of avian malarial parasites
    • Pérez-Tris, J. Bensch, S. 2005. Dispersal increases local transmission of avian malarial parasites Ecol. Lett. 8 : 838 845.
    • (2005) Ecol. Lett. , vol.8 , pp. 838-845
    • Pérez-Tris, J.1    Bensch, S.2
  • 38
    • 0036801380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular phylogeny of malarial parasites recovered from cytochrome b gene sequences
    • Perkins, S. L. Schall, J. J. 2002. A molecular phylogeny of malarial parasites recovered from cytochrome b gene sequences J. Parasitol. 88 : 972 978.
    • (2002) J. Parasitol. , vol.88 , pp. 972-978
    • Perkins, S.L.1    Schall, J.J.2
  • 39
    • 0032494125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the adaptive significance of stress-induced immunosuppression
    • Råberg, L., Grahn, M., Hasselquist, D. Svensson, E. 1998. On the adaptive significance of stress-induced immunosuppression Proc. R. Soc. B 265 : 1637 1641.
    • (1998) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.265 , pp. 1637-1641
    • Råberg, L.1    Grahn, M.2    Hasselquist, D.3    Svensson, E.4
  • 40
    • 0023496609 scopus 로고
    • Comparative evidence supports the Hamilton and Zuk hypothesis on parasites and sexual selection
    • Read, A. F. 1987. Comparative evidence supports the Hamilton and Zuk hypothesis on parasites and sexual selection Nature 328 : 68 70.
    • (1987) Nature , vol.328 , pp. 68-70
    • Read, A.F.1
  • 41
    • 0024878231 scopus 로고
    • Reassessment of comparative evidence for Hamilton and Zuk theory on the evolution of secondary sexual characters
    • Read, A. F. Harvey, P. H. 1989. Reassessment of comparative evidence for Hamilton and Zuk theory on the evolution of secondary sexual characters Nature 339 : 618 619.
    • (1989) Nature , vol.339 , pp. 618-619
    • Read, A.F.1    Harvey, P.H.2
  • 43
    • 33644763933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity, distribution and exchange of blood parasites meeting at an avian moving contact zone
    • Reullier, J., Pérez-Tris, J., Bensch, S. Secondi, J. 2006. Diversity, distribution and exchange of blood parasites meeting at an avian moving contact zone Mol. Ecol. 15 : 753 763.
    • (2006) Mol. Ecol. , vol.15 , pp. 753-763
    • Reullier, J.1    Pérez-Tris, J.2    Bensch, S.3    Secondi, J.4
  • 44
    • 0036343933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative analysis of PCR-based detection methods for avian malaria
    • Richard, F. A., Sehgal, R. N. M., Jones, H. I. Smith, T. B. 2002. A comparative analysis of PCR-based detection methods for avian malaria J. Parasitol. 88 : 819 822.
    • (2002) J. Parasitol. , vol.88 , pp. 819-822
    • Richard, F.A.1    Sehgal, R.N.M.2    Jones, H.I.3    Smith, T.B.4
  • 45
    • 0026508643 scopus 로고
    • Embryonic development period and the prevalence of avian blood parasites
    • Ricklefs, R. E. 1992. Embryonic development period and the prevalence of avian blood parasites Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89 : 4722 4725.
    • (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.89 , pp. 4722-4725
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 46
    • 0037035378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversification and host switching in avian malaria parasites
    • Ricklefs, R. E. Fallon, S. M. 2002. Diversification and host switching in avian malaria parasites Proc. R. Soc. B 269 : 885 892.
    • (2002) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.269 , pp. 885-892
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1    Fallon, S.M.2
  • 47
    • 36448983906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malaria prevalence and white-blood-cell response to infection in a tropical and in a temperate thrush
    • Ricklefs, R. E. Sheldon, K. S. 2007. Malaria prevalence and white-blood-cell response to infection in a tropical and in a temperate thrush Auk 124 : 1254 1266.
    • (2007) Auk , vol.124 , pp. 1254-1266
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1    Sheldon, K.S.2
  • 49
    • 0024405195 scopus 로고
    • The sex ratio of Plasmodium gametocytes
    • Schall, J. J. 1989. The sex ratio of Plasmodium gametocytes Parasitol. 98 : 343 50.
    • (1989) Parasitol. , vol.98 , pp. 343-50
    • Schall, J.J.1
  • 50
    • 0032449516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energetic stress, immunosuppression and the costs of an antibody response
    • Svensson, E., Råberg, L., Koch, C. Hasselquist, D. 1998. Energetic stress, immunosuppression and the costs of an antibody response Func. Ecol. 12 : 912 919.
    • (1998) Func. Ecol. , vol.12 , pp. 912-919
    • Svensson, E.1    Råberg, L.2    Koch, C.3    Hasselquist, D.4
  • 51
    • 0037157022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is cell-mediated immunity related to the evolution of life-history strategies in birds?
    • Tella, J. L., Scheuerlein, A. Ricklefs, R. E. 2002. Is cell-mediated immunity related to the evolution of life-history strategies in birds? Proc. R. Soc. B 269 : 1059 1066.
    • (2002) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.269 , pp. 1059-1066
    • Tella, J.L.1    Scheuerlein, A.2    Ricklefs, R.E.3
  • 53
    • 33646478777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nested cytochrome b polymerase chain reaction diagnostics underestimate mixed infections of avian blood haemosporidian parasites: Microscopy is still essential
    • Valkiunas, G., Bensch, S., Iezhova, T. A., Krizanauskiene, A., Hellgren, O. Bolshakov, C. V. 2006. Nested cytochrome b polymerase chain reaction diagnostics underestimate mixed infections of avian blood haemosporidian parasites: microscopy is still essential J. Parasitol. 92 : 418 422.
    • (2006) J. Parasitol. , vol.92 , pp. 418-422
    • Valkiunas, G.1    Bensch, S.2    Iezhova, T.A.3    Krizanauskiene, A.4    Hellgren, O.5    Bolshakov, C.V.6
  • 55
    • 27744602882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further observations on the blood parasites of birds in Uganda
    • Valkiunas, G., Sehgal, R. N. M., Iezhova, T. A. Smith, T. B. 2005. Further observations on the blood parasites of birds in Uganda J. Wildl. Dis. 41 : 580 587.
    • (2005) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.41 , pp. 580-587
    • Valkiunas, G.1    Sehgal, R.N.M.2    Iezhova, T.A.3    Smith, T.B.4
  • 56
    • 1442274864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new nested polymerase chain reaction method very efficient in detecting Plasmodium and Haemoproteus infections from avian blood
    • Waldenström, J., Bensch, S., Hasselquist, D. Ostman, O. 2004. A new nested polymerase chain reaction method very efficient in detecting Plasmodium and Haemoproteus infections from avian blood J. Parasitol. 90 : 191 194.
    • (2004) J. Parasitol. , vol.90 , pp. 191-194
    • Waldenström, J.1    Bensch, S.2    Hasselquist, D.3    Ostman, O.4
  • 57
    • 0035993776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-species infection of blood parasites between resident and migratory songbirds in Africa
    • Waldenström, J., Bensch, S., Kiboi, S., Hasselquist, D. Ottosson, U. 2002. Cross-species infection of blood parasites between resident and migratory songbirds in Africa Mol. Ecol. 11 : 1545 1554.
    • (2002) Mol. Ecol. , vol.11 , pp. 1545-1554
    • Waldenström, J.1    Bensch, S.2    Kiboi, S.3    Hasselquist, D.4    Ottosson, U.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.