An uncertain trumpet: Reason, anarchy and Cold War diplomacy in the thought of Raymond Aron

Review of International Studies

Volumn 34, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 645-668

  Davis, Reed ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 51349135414     PISSN: 02602105     EISSN: 14699044     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0260210508008218     Document Type: Article

References (105)

1. Raymond Aron, The Committed Observer: Interviews with Jean-Louis Missika and Dominique Wolton, trans. James and Marie MacIntosh (Chicago, IL: Regnery Gateway, 1983). p. 267.
2. Raymond Aron, Peace and War: A Theory of International Relations, trans. Richard Howard and Annette Baker Fox (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1966), p. 703.
3. Aron, Peace and War, p. 703.
4. For a discussion of the prudence tradition, see Alberto Coll, 'Prudence and Foreign Policy", in Michael Cromartie (ed.). Might and Right After the Cold War: Can Foreign Policy Be Moral? (Lanham. MD: National Book Network, 1993).
5. For a discussion of Aron's place in that tradition, see Brian C. Anderson. Raymond Aron and the Recovery of the Political (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 1997), pp. 130-8.
6. Aron, The Committed Observer, p. 266.
7. Michael Doyle, Ways of War and Peace: Realism, Liberalism, and Socialism (New York: W. W. Norton, 1997). p. 210.
8. For a working definition of realism, see Doyle, Ways of War and Peace. 'The Range of Realism", pp. 41-8.
9. Raymond Aron, Peace and War: A Theory of International Relations, trans, by Richard Howard and Annette Baker Fox (Garden City: Doubleday and Company. Inc., 1962).
10. Raymond Aron. Clausewitz: Philosopher of War, trans. Christine Booker and Norman Stone (London, Melbourne: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1983).
11. See David Thomson, 'The Three Worlds of Raymond Aron', International Affairs, 39 (February, 1963), pp. 49 58.
12. See also Stanley Hoffmann, 'Minerva and Janus', in The State of War: Essays on the Theory and Practice of International Relations, ed. Stanley Hoffmann (London: Pall Mall Press, 1965),
13. and Stanley Hoffmann, "The Sword and the Pen", The New Republic (4 November 1985), p. 39.
14. pierre Hassner, 'Raymond Aron and the History of the Twentieth Century", International Studies Quarterly, 29 (Spring, 1985), p. 36.
15. Brian C. Schmidt, The Political Discourse of Anarchy: A Disciplinary History of International Relations (Albany: State University of New York Press. 1998), esp. eh. 6, "International Organization and International Politics".
16. Raymond Aron, Introduction to the Philosophy of History, trans. George Irwin (Boston. MA: Beacon Press, 1961).
17. See Reed Davis, 'The Phenomenology of Raymond Aron'. The European Journal of Political Theory (2004).
18. Aron, Introduction to the Philosophy of History, p. 51.
19. Ibid., p. 56.
20. Ibid., p. 56
21. Ibid., p. 55.
22. Ibid., p. 55
23. Aron. p. 68.
24. Ibid., p. 57.
25. Aron, Peace and War, pp. 3-4.
26. Ibid., p. 5.
27. Ibid., p. 16.
28. Ibid., p. 17.
29. Ibid., p. 93.
30. Ibid., p. 93.
31. Ibid., p. 4.
32. Hans Morgenthau, Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace (New York: Alfred Knopf. 1978), p. 4.
33. Aron, Peace and War, p. 585.
34. Raymond Aron, The Imperial Republic, trans. Frank. Jellinek (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1974), p. xx.
35. Hans Morgenthau, Scientific Man vs. Power Politics (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1946), pp. 220-1. Emphasis added.
36. Greg Russell. Hans Morgenthau and the Ethics of American Statecraft (Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 1990),p. 164.
37. Aron, Peace and War, p. 609.
38. Ibid., p. 691.
39. Ibid., p. 696.
40. Richard Melanson, 'Paul H. Nitze to Norman Podhoretz: The Tradition of Anti-Communist Containment", in Traditions and Values: American Diplomacy, 1945 to the Present: Kenneth W. Thompson (ed.) (Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1984), p. 166.
41. John Gaddis, Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of Postwar American National Security Policy (New York: Oxford University Press. 1982). p. 232.
42. Raymond Aron, Les Dernières années du siecle (Paris: Julliard Commentaire, 1983). p. 184.
43. Kenneth W. Thompson, "The Political Philosophy of Reinhold Niebuhr', in Reinhold Niehuhr: His Religious, Social and Political Thought, ed. C. Kegley and R. Bretall (New York: Macmillan, 1956), p. 244.
44. Brian Anderson holds a more charitable view of Aran's success on this score. See Brian Anderson, Raymond Aron and the Recovery of the Political, pp. 50 2.
45. Raymond Aron. Opium of the Intellectuals, trans. Terence Kilmartin (London: Seeker and Warburg, 1957).
46. Raymond Aron, L'Age des empires et l'avenir de la France (Paris: Editions Défense de la France, 1946), p. 47.
47. Cited in "Tony Judt, Past Imperfect: French Intellectuals, 1944-1956 (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1992), p. 239.
48. Aron, L'Age des empires, p. 47.
49. See Daniel J. Mahoney. De Gaulle: Statesmanship, Grandeur and Modern Democracy (Westport: Praeger, 1996). pp. 17-18 for a discussion of grandeur in Aron.
50. Mahoney. De Gaulle, p. 17.
51. Raymond Aron, "La France joue sa dernière chance en Afrique, IV: L'unité française en peril', Le Figaro (15 Octobre 1955).
52. Cited in Robert Colquhoun, Raymond Aron: The Sociologist in Society (Beverly Hills. CA: Sage Publications, 1986). p. 45.
53. Tony Judt, The Burden of Responsibility: Blum. Camus and Aron and the French Twentieth Century (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1998), p. 148.
54. Raymond Aron, La Tragédie Algérienne (Paris: Pion), pp. 32-3.
55. Cited in Colquhoun, The Sociologist in Society, p. 47.
56. Aron, La Tragédie Algérienne, p. 33.
57. Cited in Colquhoun, The Sociologist in Society, p. 47.
58. Raymond Aron. Clausewitz: Philosopher of War. trans. Christine Booker and Norman Stone (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1983).
59. Clausewitz, p. 90.
60. Ibid., p. 90.
61. Ibid., p. 81.
62. Ibid., p. 81.
63. Raymond Aron, 'Reason, Passion and Power in the Thought of Clausewitz', Social Research, 39 (1972), p. 610.
64. Ibid., p. 610.
65. Stanley Hoffmann, "The Sword and the Pen', The New Republic (4 November 1985), p. 39.
66. Clausewitz. p. 134.
67. Ibid., p. 59.
68. Michael Howard, Clausewitz (New York: Oxford University Press, 1983), p. 14.
69. Raymond Aron. The Great Debate: Theories of Nuclear Strategy, trans. Ernest Pawel (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1965), p. 67.
70. Aron, The Great Debate, p. 67.
71. Cited in Gaddis, Strategies of Containment, pp. 214-15.
72. Aron. The Great Debate, p. 133.
73. Ibid., p. 92.
74. Ibid., p. 216.
75. Ibid., p. 216.
76. Ibid., p. 163.
77. See especially Raymond Aron, 'The Evolution of Strategie Thought", in Politics and History: Selected Essays by Raymond Aron, trans, and ed. Miriam B. Conant (New York: Free Press, 1978).
78. Aron, The Great Debate, p. 174.
79. Ibid., p. 174.
80. Ibid., p. 217.
81. Robert Colquhoun, The Sociologist in Society, p. 297.
82. Aran, Peace and War, p. 693.
83. Ibid., p. 694.
84. Ibid., p. 694.
85. Ibid., p. 693.
86. Aron, The Great Debate, p. 184.
87. Ibid., p. 138.
88. Ibid., p. 265.
89. Aron. Dernières Années, p. 68.
90. Ibid., p. 70.
91. Ibid., p. 79.
92. Ibid., p. 79.
93. Ibid., p. 79.
94. Ibid., p. 83.
95. Ibid., p. 81.
96. Ibid., p. 81.
97. Ibid., p. 85.
98. Raymond Aron, 'Quest for a Philosophy of Foreign Affairs", in Contemporary Theory in International Relations, ed. Stanley Hoffmann (Englewood Cliffs. NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1960), p. 83.
99. Aron, Dernières Années, p. 184.
100. Ibid., p. 193.
101. Gaddis, Strategies of Containment, p. 86.
102. Raymond Aron. On War, trans. Terence Kilmartin (Garden City. NY: Doubleday, 1968), p. 143.
103. On this point, see Peace and War, pp. 53-4.
104. Hans Morgenthau, Scientific Man vs. Power Politics (Chicago. IL: University of Chicago Press, 1962), p. 155.
105. Francois Furet, "La rencontre d'une idée et d'une vie', Commentaire, 8 (1985), p. 52.