On non-negligible bias of the first output byte of RC4 towards the first three bytes of the secret key

Designs, Codes, and Cryptography

Volumn 49, Issue 1-3, 2008, Pages 123-134

  Paul, Goutam ^a   Rathi, Siddheshwar ^b   Maitra, Subhamoy ^c  

^a JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY   (India)

^b Indian Statistical Institute ^*

^c INDIAN STATISTICAL INSTITUTE   (India)

Author keywords

Bias; Cryptanalysis; Keystream; Permutation; RC4; Stream cipher

Indexed keywords

BIAS; CRYPTANALYSIS; KEYSTREAM; PERMUTATION; RC4; STREAM CIPHER;

CRYPTOGRAPHY;

EID: 51349098856     PISSN: 09251022     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10623-008-9177-7     Document Type: Article

References (12)

1. Fluhrer S.R., McGrew D.A.: Statistical Analysis of the Alleged RC4 Keystream Generator. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 1978, pp. 19-30. Springer-Verlag, FSE (2000).
2. Fluhrer S.R., Mantin I., Shamir A.: Weaknesses in the Key Scheduling Algorithm of RC4. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2259, pp. 1-24. Springer-Verlag, SAC (2001).
3. Golic J.: Linear Statistical Weakness of Alleged RC4 Keystream Generator. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 1233, pp. 226-238. Springer-Verlag, EUROCRYPT (1997).
4. LAN/MAN Standard Committee, Wireless LAN Medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications, 1999 edition. IEEE standard 802.11 (1999).
5. Mantin I.: A Practical Attack on the Fixed RC4 in the WEP Mode. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3788, pp. 395-411. Springer-Verlag, ASIACRYPT (2005).
6. Mantin I.: Predicting and Distinguishing Attacks on RC4 Keystream Generator. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3494, pp. 491-506. Springer-Verlag, EUROCRYPT (2005).
7. Mantin I., Shamir A.: A Practical Attack on Broadcast RC4. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2355, pp. 152-164. Springer-Verlag, FSE (2001).
8. Mironov I.: (Not So) Random Shuffles of RC4. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2442, pp. 304-319. Springer-Verlag, CRYPTO (2002).
9. Paul S., Preneel B.: Analysis of Non-fortuitous Predictive States of the RC4 Keystream Generator, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2904, pp. 52-67. Springer-Verlag, INDOCRYPT (2003).
10. Paul S., Preneel B.: A New Weakness in the RC4 Keystream Generator and an Approach to Improve the Security of the Cipher. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3017, pp. 245-259. Springer-Verlag, FSE (2004).
11. Roos A.: A class of weak keys in the RC4 stream cipher. Two posts in sci.crypt, message-id 43u1eh$1j3@hermes.is.co.za and 44ebge$ llf@hermes.is.co.za. Available at http://marcel.wanda.ch/Archive/WeakKeys (1995).
12. Wagner D.: My RC4 weak keys. Post in sci.crypt, message-id 447o1l$cbj@cnn.Princeton.EDU, 26 September, 1995. Available at http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~daw/my-posts/my-rc4-weak-keys (1995).