Methodologic issues and approaches to spatial epidemiology

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 116, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 1105-1110

  Beale, Linda ^a   Abellan, Juan Jose ^a,b   Hodgson, Susan ^c   Jarup, Lars ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b CIBER EPIDEMIOLOGÍA Y SALUD PÚBLICA CIBERESP   (Spain)

^c NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Disease mapping; Environmental epidemiology; Geographic information systems (GIS); Risk analysis; Spatial epidemiology; Uncertainty

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; COMPUTER PROGRAM; DATA ANALYSIS; DATA COLLECTION METHOD; DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM; HAZARD ASSESSMENT; INFERENTIAL STATISTICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; RISK ASSESSMENT; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; TREND STUDY; UNCERTAINTY; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; EPIDEMIOLOGY; THEORETICAL MODEL;

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH DESIGN; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS; MODELS, THEORETICAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; SOFTWARE;

EID: 51249104542     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.10816     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Abellan JJ, Richardson S, Best N. 2008. Use of space-time models to investigate the stability of patterns of disease. Environ Health Perspect 116:1111-1119.
2. Anselin L. 2003. GeoDa 0.9 User's Guide. Urbana-Champaign, IL:Spatial Analysis Laboratory, University of Illinos.
3. Armstrong B. 2004. Exposure measurement error: consequences and design issues. In Exposure Assessment in Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology. Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press, 181-200.
4. Arnold R. 1999. Small area health statistics unit. In: Population Counts in Small Area Studies: Implications for Studies of Environment and Health. Studies on Medical and Population Subjects (Arnold R, Elliott P, Wakefield J, Quinn M, ads). No. 62. London:U.K. Office of National Statistics, 10-23.
5. Aylin P, Bottle A, Wakefield J, Jarup L, Elliott P. 2001. Proximity to coke works and hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular disease in England and Wales. Thorax 58:228-233.
6. Aylin P, Maheswaran R, Wakefield J, Cockings S, Jarup L, Arnold R, et al. 1999. A national facility for small area disease mapping and rapid initial assessment of apparent disease clusters around a point source: the UK Small Area Health Statistics Unit. J Public Health Med 21:289-298.
7. Besag J, Newell J. 1991. The detection of clusters in rare diseases. J R Stat Soc Sec A 154:143-155.
8. Best NG, Richardson S, Thomson A. 2005. A comparison of Bayesian spatial models for disease mapping. Stat Methods Mad Res 14:35-59.
9. Bonner MR, Han D, Nie J, Rogerson P, Vene JE, Freudenheim JL 2003. Positional accuracy of geocoded addresses in epidemiologic research. Epidemiology 14:408-412.
10. Buttenfield BP, Beard MK. 1994. Visualization in geographic information systems. In: Graphical and Geographical Components of Data Quality (Unwin D, Hearnshaw H, eds). London:Wiley, 150-157.
11. Cheung CK, Shi W. 2004. Estimation of the positional uncertainty in line simplification in GIS. Cartogr J 41:37-45.
12. de Cola L 2002. Spatial forecasting of disease risk and untertainty. Cartogr Geogr Inform Sci 29:363-380.
13. Drecki I. 2002. Visualization of uncertainty in geographical data. In: Spatial Data Quality (Fisher PF, Goodchild MF, eds). London:Taylor & Francis, 140-159.
14. Elliott P, Briggs D, Morris S, de Hoogh C, Hurt C, Jensen TK, et al. 2001. Risk of adverse birth outcomes in populations living near landfill sites. BMJ 323:363-368.
15. Elliott P, Wakefield JC, Best NG, Briggs DJ. 2000. Spatial Epidemiology: Methods and Applications. Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press.
16. Elliott P, Wartenberg D. 2004. Spatial epidemiology: current approaches and future challenges. Environ Health Perspect 112:998-1006.
17. English P, Neutra R, Scalf R, Sullivan M, Waller L, Zhu L. 1999. Examining associations between childhood asthma and traffic flow using a geographic information system. Environ Health Perspect 107:761-767.
18. Esteve J, Benhamou E, Raymond L. 1994. Statistical Methods in Cancer Research, Vol 4. Descriptive Epidemiology. Lyon, France:International Agency for Research on Cancer.
19. EUROHEIS. 2003. A European Health and Environment Information System for Exposure and Disease Mapping and Risk Assessment. London:Imperial College. Available: http://www.euroheis.org/archive/default.html [accessed 23 September 2007].
20. Ferrándiz J, Abellén JJ, López A, Sanmartin P, Vanaclocha H, Zurriaga O, et al. 2002. Geographical distribution of the cardiovascular mortality in Comunidad Valenciana (Spain). In: GIS for Emergency Preparedness and Health Risk Reduction. Vol 15 (Briggs D, Forer P, Jarup L, Stern R, ads). Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers, 267-282.
21. Forand SP, Talbot TO, Druschel C, Cross PK. 2002. Date quality and the spatial analysis of disease rates: congenital malformations in New York State. Health Place 8:191-199.
22. Goovaerts P. 2006. Geostatistical analysis of disease data: visualization and propagation of spatial uncertainty in cancer mortality risk using Poisson kriging and p-field simulation. Int J Health Geogr 5:7.
23. Hanley JA, Negassa A, Edwardes MDdeB, Forrester JE. 2003. Statistical analysis of correlated data using generalized estimating equations: an orientation. Am J Epidemiol 157:364-375.
24. Held L, Natário I, Fenton SE, Rue H, Becker N. 2005. Toward joint disease mapping. Stat Methods Med,Res 14:61-82.
25. Hodgson S, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Colvile R, Jarup L. 2007. Assessment of exposure to mercury from industrial emissions: comparing "distance as a proxy" and dispersion modelling approaches. Occup Environ Mad 64:380-388.
26. Hodgson S, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Hansell A, Sheppard S, Flute T, Staples B, et al. 2004. Excess risk of kidney disease in a population living near industrial plants. Occup Environ Med 61:717-719.
27. Ihrig MM, Shalat SL, Baynes C. 1988. A hospital-based case-control study of stillbirths and environmental exposure to arsenic using an atmospheric dispersion model linked to a geographical information system. Epidemiology 9:290-294.
28. Jackson C, Best N, Richardson S. 2006. Improving ecological inference using individual-level data. Stat Med 25:2136-2159.
29. Jarup L. 2004. Health and environment information systems for exposure and disease mapping, and risk assessment. Environ Health Perspect 112:995-997.
30. Jarup L, Best N. 2003. Editorial comment on geographical differences in cancer incidence in the Belgian province of Limburg by Bruntinx and colleagues. Eur J Cancer. 39:1973-1975.
31. Jarup L, Best N, Toledano MB, Wakefield J, Elliott P. 2002. Geographical epidemiology of prostate cancer in Great Britain. Int J Cancer 97:695-699.
32. Kelsall JE, Diggle PJ. 1998. Spatial variation in risk: a non-parametric binary regression approach. Appl Statist 47:559-573.
33. Knorr-Held L. 2000. Bayesian modelling of inseparable space-time variation in disease risk. Stat Med 19:2555-2567.
34. Knorr-Held L, Best NG. 2001. A shared component model for detecting joint and selective clustering of two diseases. J R Stat Soc Ser A 164:73-85.
35. Kulldorff M, Nagarwalla N. 1995. Spatial disease clusters: detection and inference. Stat Mad 14:799-810.
36. Leitner M, Curtis A. 2004. Cartographic guidelines for geographically masking the locations of confidential point data. Cartogr Perspect 49:22-39.
37. Longley PA, Goodchild MF, Maguire DJ, Rhind DW. 2005. Geographical Information Systems: Principles, Techniques, Management and Applications (abridged ed.). Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons.
38. Martinez R, Vidaurre M, Najera, GF, Loyola E, Castillo-Salgado C, Eisner C. 2001. SIGEpi: Sistema de Información Geográfica en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Epidemiol Bull 22:4-5
39. McCullagh P, Nelder JA. 1989. Generalized Linear Models. 2nd ed. New York:Chapman & Hall.
40. McCulloch CE, Searle SR. 2001. Generalized, Linear, and Mixed Models. New York:Wiley.
41. Monmonier M. 2006. Cartography: uncertainty, interventions, and dynamic display. Prog Hum Geogr 30:373-381.
42. Moran PAP. 1950. Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika 37:17-23.
43. Morgenstern H. 1998. Ecologic studies. In Modern Epidemiology (Rothman KJ, Greenland D, eds). Philadelphia:Lippincott-Raven, 459-480.
44. Morris SE, Wakefield, JC. 2000. The role of geographical studies in risk assessment. In: Spatial Epidemiology: Methods and Applications (Elliott P, Wakefield JC, Best NG, Briggs DJ, eds). Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press, 415-433.
45. Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Toledano MB, Konstantinou K, Best N, Hambly P, de Hoogh K, et al. 2005, Water chlorination by-products and congenital anomalies. Epidemiology 16:S81-S82.
46. Oliver MN, Matthews KA, Siadaty M, Hauck FR, Pickle LW. 2005. Geographic bias related to geocoding in epidemiologic studies. Int J Health Geog 4:29.
47. Olsen SF, Martuzzi M, Elliott P. 1996. Cluster analysis and disease mapping - why, when, and how? A step by step guide. BMJ 313:863-866.
48. Openshaw S. 1984. Ecological fallacies and the analysis of areal census data. Environ Plan A 16:17-31.
49. Openshaw S. 1998. Building automated geographical analysis and explanation machines. In: Geocomputation: A Primer (Longley P, Brooks SM, McDonnell R, MacMillan B, eds). Chichester:Wiley, 95-115.
50. Openshaw S, Charlton ME, Wymer C, Craft A. 1987. A Mark 1 Geographical Analysis Machine for the automated analysis of point data sets. Int J Geogr Inf Syst 1:335-358.
51. Richardson S. 1992. Statistical modeling of spatial variations in epidemiology. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 40:33-45.
52. Richardson S, Abellan JJ, Best N. 2006. Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis of joint patterns of male and female lung cancer risks in Yorkshire (UK). Stat Methods Med Res 15:385-407.
53. Richardson S, Thomson A, Best N, Elliott P. 2004. Interpreting posterior relative risk estimates in disease-mapping studies. Environ Health Perspect 112:1016-1025.
54. Ripley BD. 1981. Spatial Statistics. New York:Wiley.
55. Rushton L, Elliott P. 2003. Evaluating evidence on environmental health risks. Br Med Bull 68:113-128.
56. Schabenberge O, Gotway CA. 2005. Statistical Methods for Spatial Data Analysis, Vol 6. Boca Raton, FL:Chapman & Hall/CRC, 299-400.
57. Schneider B. 2001. On the uncertainty of local shape of lines and surfaces. Cartogr Geogr Inform Sci28:237-247.
58. Tango T. 1995. A class of tests for detecting "general" and "focused" clustering of rare diseases. Stat Med 14:2323-2334.
59. Tango T. 2000. A test for spatial disease clustering adjusted for multiple testing. Stat Med 19:191-204.
60. Tobler WR. 1970. Computer movie simulating urban growth in Detroit region. Econ Geogr 46:234-240.
61. Verkasalo PK, Kokki E, Pukkala E, Vartiainen T, Kiviranta H, Penttinen A, et al. 2004. Cancer risk near a polluted river in Finland. Environ Health Perspect 112:1026-1031.
62. Wakefield J. 2004. Ecological inference for 2×2 tables. J R Stat Soc Ser A 167:385-445.
63. Wakefield SE, Elliott SJ, Cole DC, Eyles JD. 2001. Environmental risk and (re)action: air quality, health, and civic involvement in an urban industrial neighbourhood. Health Place 7:163-177.
64. Waller LA, Carlin BP, Xia H, Gelfand AM. 1997. Hierarchical spatio-temporal mapping of disease rates. J Am Stat Assoc 92:607-617.
65. Waller LA, Lawson LB 1995. The power of focused tests to detect disease clustering. Stat Med 14:2291-2308.
66. Ward MH, Nuckols JR, Giglierano J, Bonner MR, Wolter C, Airola M, et al. 2005. Positional accuracy of two methods of geocoding. Epidemiology 16:542-547.
67. World Health Organization. 1999. Geographic information systems (GIS): mapping for epidemiological surveillance. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 34:281-285.