Estimate of annual NH3 dry deposition to a fumigated ombrotrophic bog using concentration-dependent deposition velocities

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 42, Issue 27, 2008, Pages 6637-6646

  Cape, J N ^a   Jones, M R ^a   Leith, I D ^a   Sheppard, L J ^a   van Dijk, N ^a   Sutton, M A ^a   Fowler, D ^a  

^a CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Ammonia; Dry deposition; Field release; Point source; Surface resistance

Indexed keywords

AMMONIA; DRY DEPOSITION; FIELD RELEASE; POINT SOURCE; SURFACE RESISTANCE;

AMMONIA;

ANNUAL VARIATION; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); DEPOSITION VELOCITY; DRY DEPOSITION; ESTIMATION METHOD; EXPERIMENTAL STUDY; FLUX MEASUREMENT; FUMIGATION; NITRIC ACID; OMBROTROPHIC ENVIRONMENT; POINT SOURCE; STOMATA; VERTICAL MIXING; WIND VELOCITY;

AMBIENT AIR; ARTICLE; CANOPY; DRY DEPOSITION; INFECTION CONTROL; PEATLAND; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VEGETATION;

EID: 51049116410     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.04.027     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Bobbink R., Ashmore M.R., Braun S., Flückiger W., and van den Wyngaert I.J.J. Empirical Nitrogen Critical Loads for Natural and Semi-Natural Ecosystems: 2002 Update. Revised UN/ECE Manual on Methodologies and Criteria for Mapping Critical Levels/Loads and Where They are Exceeded (2003), Federal Environment Agency, Berlin
2. Cape, J.N., Van der Eerden, L.J., Sheppard, L.J., Leith, I.D., Sutton, M.A. Reassessment of critical levels for ammonia. In: Sutton, M.A., Baker, S., Reis, S. (Eds.), Atmospheric Ammonia: Detecting Emission Changes and Environmental Impacts, Springer, in press.
3. 3-implications for their possible interaction in the deposition process. Atmospheric Environment Part A - General Topics 27 (1993) 1937-1949
4. Flechard C.R., and Fowler D. Atmospheric ammonia at a moorland site. II: Long-term surface-atmosphere micrometeorological flux measurements. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 124 (1998) 759-791
5. Flechard C.R., Fowler D., Sutton M.A., and Cape J.N. A dynamic chemical model of bi-directional ammonia exchange between semi-natural vegetation and the atmosphere. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 125 (1999) 2611-2641
6. Garland J.A. The dry deposition of sulphur dioxide to land and water surfaces. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A 354 (1977) 245-268
7. Hill, P.W., 1999. Physiological aspects of the exchange of gaseous ammonia between Luzula sylvatica (Huds.) Gaud. and the atmosphere. Ph.D. thesis, University of Dundee.
8. 3 deposition processes for mixed moorland semi-natural vegetation. Atmospheric Environment 41 (2007) 2049-2060
9. Leith I.D., Sheppard L.J., Fowler D., Cape J.N., Jones M., Crossley A., Hargreaves K.J., Tang Y.S., Theobald M., and Sutton M.A. Quantifying dry NH3 deposition to an ombrotrophic bog from an automated NH3 field release system. Water Air and Soil Pollution: Focus 4 (2004) 207-218
10. Leith I.D., van Dijk N., Pitcairn C.E.R., Wolseley P.A., Whitfield C.P., and Sutton M.A. Biomonitoring Methods for Assessing the Impacts of Nitrogen Pollution: Refinement and Testing. JNCC Report No. 386 (2005), JNCC, Peterborough.
11. Pitcairn C.E.R., Fowler D., Leith I.D., Sheppard L.J., Sutton M.A., Kennedy V., and Okello E. Bioindicators of enhanced nitrogen deposition. Environmental Pollution 126 (2003) 353-361
12. Pitcairn C.E.R., Skiba U.M., Sutton M.A., Fowler D., Munro R., and Kennedy V. Defining the spatial impacts of poultry farm ammonia emissions on species composition of adjacent woodland ground flora using Ellenberg nitrogen index, nitrous oxide and nitric oxide emissions and foliar nitrogen as marker variables. Environmental Pollution 119 (2002) 9-21
13. Rattray G., and Sievering H. Dry deposition of ammonia, nitric acid, ammonium, and nitrate to alpine tundra at Niwot Ridge, Colorado. Atmospheric Environment 35 (2001) 1105-1109
14. Sheppard L.J., Crossley A., Leith I.D., Hargreaves K.J., Carfrae J.A., van Dijk N., Cape J.N., Sleep D., Fowler D., and Raven J.A. An automated wet deposition system to compare the effects of reduced and oxidised N on ombrotrophic bog species: practical considerations. Water Air and Soil Pollution: Focus 4 (2004) 197-205
15. Smith R.I., Fowler D., Sutton M.A., Flechard C., and Coyle M. Regional estimation of pollutant gas dry deposition in the UK: model description, sensitivity analyses and outputs. Atmospheric Environment 34 (2000) 3757-3777
16. Sutton M.A., Fowler D., Burkhardt J.K., and Milford C. Vegetation atmosphere exchange of ammonia: canopy cycling and the impacts of elevated nitrogen inputs. Water Air and Soil Pollution 85 (1995) 2057-2063
17. Sutton M.A., Fowler D., and Moncrieff J.B. The exchange of atmospheric ammonia with vegetated surfaces.1. Unfertilized vegetation. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 119 (1993) 1023-1045
18. Sutton M.A., Pitcairn C.E.R., and Fowler D. The exchange of ammonia between the atmosphere and plant communities. Advances in Ecological Research 24 (1993) 301-394
19. Sutton M.A., Miners B., Tang Y.S., Milford C., Wyers G.P., Duyzer J.H., and Fowler D. Comparison of low cost measurement techniques for long-term monitoring of atmospheric ammonia. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 3 (2001) 446-453
20. Sutton M.A., Nemitz E., Milford C., Fowler D., Moreno J., San Jose R., Wyers G.P., Otjes R.P., Harrison R., Husted S., and Schjørring J.K. Micrometeorological measurements of net ammonia fluxes over oilseed rape during two vegetation periods. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 105 (2000) 351-369
21. 3 concentrations. The Scientific World 1 (2001) 513-529
22. 4+ Over the UK - 2006 (2007), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, UK Report to the UK Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).
23. UNECE. In: Achermann B., and Bobbink R. (Eds). Empirical Critical Loads for Nitrogen (2003), SAEFL, Berne 327