Characterization of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber reinforced PVC/ENR blend

Journal of Composite Materials

Volumn 42, Issue 20, 2008, Pages 2195-2204

  Ratnam, Chantara Thevy ^a   Raju, Gunasunderi ^b   Ibrahim, Nor Azowa ^b   Ab Rahman, Mohammad Zaki ^b   Wan Yunus, Wan Md Zin ^b  

^a MALAYSIAN NUCLEAR AGENCY   (Malaysia)

^b UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

Grafting; OPEFB fiber; Poly(methylacrylate); PVC ENR blend composites; Thermal properties

Indexed keywords

ABS RESINS; AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS; DYNAMIC ANALYSIS; FRUIT JUICES; FRUITS; NATURAL POLYMERS;

GRAFTING; OPEFB FIBER; POLY(METHYLACRYLATE); PVC/ENR BLEND COMPOSITES; THERMAL PROPERTIES;

DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 50849121347     PISSN: 00219983     EISSN: 1530793X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0021998308094555     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Nasir, M. and Ratnam, C.T. (1989). Internal Mixer STUDIES on PVC/ENR Blends, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 38: 1219-1229.
2. Ratnam, C.T. and Zaman, K. (1997). Effect of Radiation on PVC/ENR Blends, Proc. Int. Nuclear Conf. 97, Kuala Lumpur.
3. Ratnam, C.T. and Zaman, K. (1999). Modification of PVC/ENR Blends by Electron Beam Irradiation, Die Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie, 269: 42-48.
4. Ratnam, C.T., Nasir, M., Baharin, A. and Zaman, K. (2001). Effect Blending Parameters on Electron Beam Enhancement of PVC/ENR Blends, Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng., 40 (4). 561-575.
5. Osabohien, E. and Egboh, S.H.O. (2008). Utilization of Bowstring Hemp Fiber as a Filler in Natural Rubber Compounds, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 107 (1). 210-214.
6. Tian, M., Wu, Y., Liang, W., Cheng, L. and Zhang, L. (2007). A Novel Short Nano-fiber Reinforced Rubber Nanocomposites, Diffusion and Defect Data Pt. B: Solid State Phenomena, 121-123 (2). 1489-1492.
7. Sukitpaneenit, P., Thanpitcha, T., Sirivat, A., Weder, C. and Rujiravanit, R. (2007). Electrical Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of Polyaniline/Natural Rubber Composite Fibers, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 106 (6). 4038-4046.
8. Anuar, H., Ahmad, S.H., Rasid, R. and Nik Daud, N.S. (2006). Tensile and Impact Properties of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber Reinforced Short Glass Fiber and Empty Fruit Bunch Hybrid Composites, Polymer - Plastics Technology and Engineering, 45 (9). 1059-1083.
9. Anuar, H., Ahmad, S.H., Rasid, R., Surip, S.N., Czigany, T. and Romhany, G. (2007). Essential Work of Fracture and Acoustic Emission Study on TPNR Composites Reinforced by Kenaf Fiber, Journal of Composite Materials, 41 (25). 3035-3049.
10. Raju, G., Ratnam, C.T., Ibrahim, N.A., Rahman, M.Z. and Wan Yunus, W.M.Z. (2007). Graft Copolymerization of Methyl Acrylate onto Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch, Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 46 (10). 949-955.
11. Ratnam, C.T., Raju, G. and Wan Yunus, W.M.Z. (2007). Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) Fiber Reinforced PVC/ENR Blend-Electron beam Irradiation, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 265: 510-514.
12. Raju, G., Ratnam, C.T., Ibrahim, N.A., Rahman, M.Z. and Wan Yunus, W.M.Z. (2008). Enhancement of PVC/ENR Blend Properties by Poly(Methyl Acrylate) Grafted Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. (in press).
13. Manikandan Nair, K.C., Thomas, S. and Groeninckx, G. (2001). Thermal and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Polystyrene Composites Reinforced with Short Sisal Fibers, Composites Science and Technology, 61 (16). 2519-2529.
14. Saha, A.K., Das, S., Bhatta, D., and Mitra, B.C. (1999). Study of Jute Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composites by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 71 (9). 1505-1513.
15. Green, J. and Wilkes. (1995). Steady State and Dynamic Properties of Concentrated Fiber Filled Thermoplastics, Polymer Engineering and Science, 35 (21). 1670-1681.
16. Ratnam, C.T., Nasir, M., Baharin, A. and Zaman, K. (2001). Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on PVC/ENR Blend: Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, Polym. Intern., 50: 503-508.
17. Mehdi, B., Mehdi, T., Ghanbar, E. and Robert, H.F. (2004). Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Compatibilizer Effect on the Mechanical Properties of Wood Flour-High Density Polyethylene Composites, IJE Transactions B: Applications, 17 (1). 95.
18. Koenig, J. (1980). Application of Fourier Transform Infrared to Polymers, In: Durig, J.R. (ed.), Analytical Applications of FTIR to Molecular and Biological Systems, Dodrecht D. Reidel, pp. 229-280.