Pelvic anti-predator armour reduction in Norwegian populations of the threespine stickleback: A rare phenomenon with adaptive implications?

Journal of Zoology

Volumn 276, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 81-88

  Klepaker, T O ^a   Ostbye K ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

Gasterosteus aculeatus; Lateral plates; Natural selection; Pelvic reduction; Regressive evolution

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; ANTIPREDATOR DEFENSE; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; EVOLUTION; NATURAL SELECTION; TELEOST;

EURASIA; EUROPE; NORTHERN EUROPE; NORWAY; SCANDINAVIA;

GASTEROSTEUS; GASTEROSTEUS ACULEATUS;

EID: 50649119515     PISSN: 09528369     EISSN: 14697998     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2008.00471.x     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Baumgartner, J.V. Bell, M.A. (1984). Lateral plate morph variation in California populations of the threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. Evolution 38, 665 674.
2. Bell, M.A. (1974). Reduction and loss of the pelvic girdle in Gasterosteus (Pisces): a case of parallel evolution. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angel. Cty. Contrib. Sci. 257, 1 36.
3. Bell, M.A. (1984). Evolutionary phenetics and genetics: the threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, and related species. In Evolutionary genetics of fishes : 431 528. Turner, B.J. (Ed.). New York : Plenum.
4. Bell, M.A. (1987). Interacting evolutionary constraints in pelvic reduction of threespine sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus (Pisches, Gasterosteidae). Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 31, 347 382.
5. Bell, M.A. (2001). Lateral plate evolution in the threespine stickleback: getting nowhere fast. Genetica 112, 445 461.
6. Bell, M.A. Foster, S.A. (1994). Evolutionary biology of the threespine stickleback. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
7. Bell, M.A., Francis, R.C. Havens, A.C. (1985). Pelvic reduction and its directional asymmetry in threespine sticklebacks from the Cook Inlet Region, Alaska. Copeia 1985, 437 444.
8. Bell, M.A., Khalef, V. Travis, M.P. (2007). Directional asymmetry of pelvic vestiges in threespine stickleback. J. Exp. Zool. Mol. Dev. Evol. 308B, 189 199.
9. Bell, M.A. Ortí, G. (1994). Pelvic reduction in threespine stickleback from Cook Inlet Lakes: geographical distribution and intrapopulation variation. Copeia 2, 314 325.
10. Bell, M.A., Ortí, G., Walker, J.A. Koenings, J.P. (1993). Evolution of pelvic reduction in threespine stickleback fish: a test of competing hypotheses. Evolution 47, 906 914.
11. Bell, M.A., Travis, M.P. Blouw, D.M. (2006). Inferring natural selection in a fossil threespine stickleback. Paleobiology 32, 562 577.
12. Bergström, C.A. (2002). Fast-start performance and reduction in lateral plate number in threespine stickleback. Can. J. Zool. 80, 207 213.
13. Boughman, J.W. (2007). Speciation in sticklebacks. In Biology of the three-spined stickleback : 83 126. Östlund-Nilsson, S., Mayer, I. Huntingford, F.A. (Eds). Boca Raton : CRC Press.
14. Bourgeois, J.F., Blouw, D.M., Koenings, J.P. Bell, M.A. (1994). Multivariate analysis of geographic covariance between phenotypes and environments in the threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, from the Cook inlet area, Alaska. Can. J. Zool. 72, 1497 1509.
15. Breder, C.M. (1960). Design for a fry trap. Zoologica 45, 155 159.
16. Campbell, N.R. (1984). Morphological variation in the threespined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in Scotland. Behaviour 93, 161 168.
17. Cole, N.J., Tanaka, M., Prescott, A. Tickle, C. (2003). Expression of limb initiation genes and clues to the morphological diversification of threespine stickleback. Curr. Biol. 13, R951 R952.
18. Coyle, S.M., Huntingford, F.A. Peichel, C.L. (2007). Parallel evolution of Pitx1 underlies pelvic reduction in Scottish threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). J. Hered. 98, 581 586.
19. Cresko, W.A., Amores, A., Wilson, C., Murphy, J., Currey, M., Phillips, P., Bell, M.A., Kimmel, C.B. Postlethwait, J.H. (2004). Parallel genetic basis for repeated evolution of armor loss in Alaskan threespine stickleback populations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 101, 6050 6055.
20. Edge, T.A. Coad, B.W. (1983). Reduction of the pelvic skeleton in the threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus, in two lakes of Québec. Can. Field-Nat. 97, 334 336.
21. Giles, N. (1983). The possible role of environmental calcium levels during the evolution of phenotypic diversity in Outer Hebridian populations of the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. J. Zool. (Lond.) 199, 535 544.
22. Gross, H.P. (1978). Natural selection by predators on the defensive apparatus of the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus L. Can. J. Zool. 56, 398 413.
23. Hagen, D.W. (1973). Inheritance of numbers of lateral plates and gill rakers in Gasterosteus aculeatus. Heredity 30, 303 312.
24. Hagen, D.W. Gilbertson, L.G. (1972). Geographic variation and environmental selection in Gasterosteus aculeatus L. in the Pacific northwest, America. Evolution 26, 32 51.
25. Heuts, M.J. (1947). Experimental studies on adaptive evolution in Gasterosteus aculeatus L. Evolution 1, 89 102.
26. Hoogland, R.D., Morris, D. Tinbergen, N. (1957). The spines of sticklebacks (Gasterosteus and Pygosteus) as a means of defence against predators (Perca and Esox). Behaviour 10, 205 236.
27. Keivany, Y. Nelson, J.S. (1998). Comparative osteology of the Greek Ninespine stickleback, Pungitus hellenicus (Teleostei, Gasterosteidae). J. Ichtyol. 38, 430 440.
28. Kingsley, D.M. Peichel, C.L. (2007). The molecular genetics of evolutionary change in sticklebacks. In Biology of the three-spined stickleback : 41 82. Östlund-Nilsson, S., Mayer, I. Huntingford, F.A. (Eds). Boca Raton : CRC press.
29. Klepaker, T. (1993). Postglacial evolution in lateral plate morphs in Norwegian freshwater populations of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Thesis for partial fulfilment of the PhD degree, University of Bergen.
30. Klepaker, T. (1995). Postglacial evolution in lateral plate morphs in Norwegian freshwater populations of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Can. J. Zool. 73, 898 906.
31. Klepaker, T. (1996). Lateral plate polymorphism in marine and Estuarine populations of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) along the coast of Norway. Copeia 4, 832 838.
32. Lanctôt, C., Moreau, A., Chamberland, M., Tremblay, M.L. Drouin, J. (1999). Hindlimb patterning and mandible development require the Pitx1 gene. Development 126, 1805 1810.
33. Marcil, A., Dumontier, E., Chamberland, M., Camper, S.A. Drouin, J. (2003). Pitx1 and Pitx2 are required for development of hindlimbs buds. Development 130, 44 55.
34. Moodie, G.E.E. Reimchen, T.E. (1976). Phenetic variation and habitat differences in Gasterosteus populations of the Queen Charlotte Islands. Syst. Zool. 25, 49 61.
35. Münzing, J. (1963). The evolution of variation and distributional patterns in European populations of the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. Evolution 17, 320 332.
36. Nelson, J.S. (1971). Absence of pelvic complex in ninespine sticklebacks, Pungitus pungitus, collected in Ireland and Wood Buffalo national park region, Canada, with notes on meristic variation. Copeia 4, 707 717.
37. Nelson, J.S. (1977). Evidence of a genetic basis for the absence of the pelvic skeleton in brook stickleback, Culaea inconstans, and notes on the geographical distribution and origin of the loss. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 34, 1314 1320.
38. Nelson, J.S. Atton, F.M. (1971). Geographical and morphological variation in the presence and absence of the pelvic skeleton in the brook stickleback, Culea inconstans (Kirkland), in Alberta and Saskatchewan. Can. J. Zool. 49, 343 352.
39. Östlund-Nilsson, S., Mayer, I. Huntingford, F.A. (2007). Biology of the three-spined stickleback. Boca Raton : CRC press.
40. Penczak, T. (1965). Morphological variation of the stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) in Poland. Zool. Pol. 15, 1 49.
41. Rayemaekers, J.A.M., Maes, G.E., Audenaert, E. Volckaert, A.M. (2005). Detecting Holocene divergence in the anadromous-freshwater three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) system. Mol. Ecol. 14, 1001 1014.
42. Reimchen, T. (1980). Spine deficiency and polymorphism in a population of Gasterosteus aculeatus: an adaptation to predators? Can. J. Zool. 58, 1232 1244.
43. Reimchen, T. (1983). Structural relationships between spines and lateral plates in threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Evolution 37, 931 946.
44. Reimchen, T. (1984). Status of unarmored and spine deficient populations (Charlotte Unarmored Stickleback) of threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus sp. on the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. Can Field-Nat 98, 120 126.
45. Reimchen, T. (1994). Predators and morphological evolution in threespine stickleback. In Evolutionary biology of the threespine stickleback : 240 273. Bell, M.A. Foster, S.A. (Eds). Oxford : Oxford University Press.
46. Shapiro, M.D, Bell, M.A. Kingsley, D.M. (2006). Parallel genetic origins of pelvic reduction in vertebrates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 103, 13753 13758.
47. Shapiro, M.D., Marks, M.E., Peichel, C.L., Blackman, B.K., Nereng, K.S., Jónsson, B., Schluter, D. Kingsley, D.M. (2004). Genetic and developmental basis of evolutionary pelvic reduction in threespine sticklebacks. Nature 428, 717 723.
48. Takata, K. Goto, A. (1985). Pelvic spine deficiency of Pungitus tymensis in Hokkaido. Jap. J. Ichtyol. 32, 100 103.
49. Taylor, E.B. McPhail, J.D. (1986). Prolonged and burst swimming in anadromous and fresh-water threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. Can. J. Zool. 64, 416 420.
50. Thorpe, R.S. (1975). Quantitative handling of characteristics useful in snake systematics with particular reference to interspecific variation in the ringed snake Natrix natrix (L.). Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 7, 27 43.
51. Walker, J.A. Bell, M.A. (2000). Net evolutionary trajectories of body shape evolution within a microgeographic radiation of threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). J. Zool. (Lond.) 252, 293 302.
52. Wootton, R.J. (1976). The biology of sticklebacks. London, UK : Academic Press.
53. Wootton, R.J. (1984). A functional biology of sticklebacks. Berkeley : University of California.
54. Zyuganov, V.V. Rozanov, A.S. (1987). Genetics of the structural polymorphism of the pelvic skeleton of the ninespine stickleback. Dok. Akad. Nauk SSSR 293, 459 463.