Viewing behaviour of spider phobics and non-phobics in the presence of threat and safety stimuli

British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Volumn 43, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 235-243

  Lange, W G T ^a   Tierney, K J ^a   Reinhardt Rutland, A H ^a   Vivekananda Schmidt, P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ULSTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPTH PERCEPTION; EYE MOVEMENT; EYE TRACKING; HUMAN; PHOBIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; SAFETY; SCORING SYSTEM; SPIDER; STIMULUS RESPONSE; TELEVISION; VIDEORECORDING; VOLUNTEER;

ADULT; ANIMALS; EYE MOVEMENTS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PHOBIC DISORDERS; QUESTIONNAIRES; REACTION TIME; SAFETY; SPIDERS; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 5044245416     PISSN: 01446657     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1348/0144665031752989     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Beck, A. T. (1978). Depression inventory. Philadelphia, PA: Center for Cognitive Therapy.
2. Beck, A. T., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy of anxiety and phobic disorders. Philadelphia, PA: Centre for Cognitive Therapy.
3. Clark, D. M. (1999). Anxiety disorders: Why they persist and how to treat them. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 37, S5-S27.
4. Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In R. G. Heimberg, M. R. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia, diagnosis, assessment and treatment. New York: Guilford.
5. Hermans, D., Vansteenwegen, D., & Eelen, P. (1999). Eye movement registration as a continuous index of attention deployment: Data from a group of spider anxious students. Cognition and Emotion, 13, 419-434.
6. Kazdin, A. E. (1984). Behaviour modification in applied settings, 3rd ed. Homewood, II: Dorsey.
7. Klein, R. M., Kingstone, A., & Pontefract, A. (1992). Orienting of visual attention. In K. Rayner (Ed.), Eye movements and visual cognition: Scene perception and reading (pp. 46-65). New York: Springer.
8. MacLeod, C., Mathews, A., & Tata, P. (1986). Attentional bias in emotional disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95, 15-20.
9. Mansell, W., Clark, D. M., Ehlers, A., & Chen, Y. P. (1999). Social anxiety and attention away from emotional faces. Cognition and Emotion, 13, 673-690.
10. Mathews, A., May, L., Mogg, K., & Eysenck, M. W. (1990). Attentional bias in anxiety: Selective search or defective filtering? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 99, 166-173.
11. Salkovskis, P. M. (1991). The importance of behavior in the maintenance of anxiety and panic: A cognitive account. Behavioural Psychotherapy, 19, 6-19.
12. Solso, R. L. (1998). Cognitive psychology, 5th ed. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
13. Spielberger, C. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
14. Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics, 4th ed. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
15. Thorpe, S. J., & Salkovskis, P. M. (1997). Information processing in spider phobics; the Stroop colour naming task may indicate strategic but not automatic attentional bias. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 131-144.
16. Thorpe, S. J., & Salkovskis, P. M. (1998). Selective attention to real phobic and safety stimuli. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 471-481.
17. Tolin, D. F., Lohr, J. M., Lee, T. C., & Sawchuk, C. N. (1999). Visual avoidance in specific phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 37, 63-70.
18. Vivekanandaraja, P., Reinhardt-Rutland, A. H., Shields, T. J., & Anderson, R. S. (2000). Visual acuity and locomotion through a built environment: Speed and number of eye motions. In C. O'Sullivan & A. Moran (Eds.), First Irish workshop on eye-tracking (pp. 15-17). Dublin: Trinity College.
19. Vivekananda-Schmidt, P., Shields, T. J., Reinhardt-Rutland, A. H., & Anderson, R. S. (2001). Functional importance of acuity and contrast sensitivity on locomotion in the built environment. In T. J. Shields, (Ed.), Human behaviour in fire: Second international symposium (pp. 503-510). London: Interscience.
20. Watts, F. N., & Sharrock, R. (1984). Questionnaire dimensions of spider phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 22, 575-580.