The international community and limitations of sovereignty

Diogenes

Volumn 44, Issue 176, 1996, Pages 91-109

  Bettati, Mario ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 5044238857     PISSN: 03921921     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/039219219604417611     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. See M. Bettati, Le Droit d'ingérence, mutation de l'ordre international, Paris, 1996
2. R. Cassin, "Comment protéger les droits de l'homme," delivered on 13 February 1970
3. and quoted in: M. Agi, De I'ldée d'universalité comme fondatrice du concept des droits de l'homme d'après la vie et l'oeuvre de René Cassin, Antibes, 1980, p. 354
4. Repr. in: La Pensée et l'action, Paris, 1972, pp. 63-71
5. J. Combacau, "Souveraineté et non-ingérence," in: M. Bettati, B. Kouchner et al., Le Devoir d'ingérence, Paris, 1987, pp. 230-1
6. In: Cahiers de l'Alliance Israélite Universelle, 120 (1958), p. 97
7. See Assemblée générale, Documents officiels, troisième session, 9 décembre 1948, première partie
8. See Article 1 of the Convention for the prevention of genocide, adopted by the General Assembly of the U.N. in Paris on 9 December 1948
9. United Nations, Press Release AG/SHC/149, 16 November 1994, p. 13
10. S. P. Huntington, "The Clash of Civilizations?" in: Foreign Affairs, Fall 1993, pp. 22-49
11. Other European authors have written in the same vein, see R.-J. Dupuy, "Les Ambiguitiés de 1'universalisme," in: Mélanges Virally, Paris, 1991, pp. 273-79
12. L.C. green, "Universality and Modern International Law," in: I. Taberner and M. J. Pelaez (eds.), Ciencia Politica comparada y derecho y economia en las relaciones internacionales estudios en homenaje a Ferran Valls, Vol. XXII, Barcelona, 1993, pp. 6763-91
13. S. P. Huntington (note 12 above), pp. 40-1. On the overall problem of the universality of human rights see C. M. Cerna, "Universality of Human Rights in Different Socio-Cultural Contexts," in: Human Rights Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 4 (November 1994), pp. 740-53
14. C. Makhlouf Obermeyer, "A Cross-Cultural Perspective on Reproductive Rights," in: Ibid., Vol. 17, No. 3 (May 1995), pp. 366-82
15. J. M. Peek, "Buddhism, Human Rights and the Japanese State," in: Ibid., Vol. 17, No. 4 (November 1995), pp. 527-41
16. H. Bielefeldt, "Muslim Voices in the Human Rights Debate," in: Ibid., pp. 587-617
17. K. Mahbubani, "The Dangers of Decadence. What the Rest Can Teach the West," in: Foreign Affairs, September/October 1993, p. 10
18. B. Kausikan, "Asia's Different Standard," in: Foreign Policy, 92 (1993), pp. 24-31
19. Quoted in: Far Eastern Economic Review, 7 April 1994
20. J. Bodin, Les Six Livres de la République (1583)
21. See also the essay by G. Mairet in: F. Chatelet, O. Duhamel and E. Pisier (eds.), Dictionnaire des oeuvres politiqnes, Paris, 1986
22. Quoted by A. Truyol Serra, "Souveraineté," in: Vocabuldaire fondamental du droit (Archives de philosophie du droit), Vol. 35, Paris, 1990, p. 317
23. H. Grotius, Le Droit de la guerre et de la paix, Amsterdam 1729, Vol. I, p. 150
24. G. Scelle, Précis de droit des gens, Paris, 1932, p. 12
25. M. Virally, "Panorama du droit international contemporain. Cours général de droit international public, in: Recueil des Cours de l'Académie de droit international de la Haye, Vol. V, The Hague, 1983, p. 124
26. A. Cassese, "La Valeur actuelle des droits de l'homme," in: Mélanges René-Jean Dupuy. Humanité et droit international, Paris 1991, pp. 65-75
27. G. Cohen-Jonathan, "Responsibilité pour atteinte aux droits de l'homme," in: Société françhise pour le droit international (colloque du Mans), La Responsabilité dans le système international, Paris, pp. 101-35
28. idem, "La Protection internationale des droits de l'homme dans le cadre des organisations régionales," in: La Documentation française. Documents d'études. Droit International Public, No. 3.05 (July 1989)
29. idem, "La Protection internationale des droits de l'homme dans le cadre des organisations universelles," in: Ibid., No. 3.06 (April 1990)
30. idem, La Convention européenne des droits de l'homme, Paris-Aix-Marseille, 1989
31. P.-M. Dupuy, "L'Individu et le droit internationale," in: Archives de philosophic de droit. Droit international, 32 (1987), pp. 119-33
32. B. Mangan, "Protecting Human Rights in National Emergencies. Shortcomings in the European System and Proposal for Reform," in: Human Rights Quarterly, Vol. 10, No. 3 (1988), pp. 372-94
33. Th. Meron, Human Rights in International Strife. Their International Protection, Cambridge, 1987
34. B.G. Ramcharan, "Strategies for the International Protection of Human Rights in the 1990s," in: Human Rights Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 2 (May 1991), pp. 155-69
35. M. Reisman, "Sovereignty and Human Rights in Contemporary International Law," in: American journal of International Law, Vol. 84, No. 3 (July 1990), pp. 866-76
36. Latin expression meaning "with regard to all." In international law it refers to the absolute opposability of a rule, even with regard to third states
37. Cours international de justice, Recueil des Arrêts, 1970, p. 32
38. Article 18
39. Official Documents of the U.N. General Assembly, 45th Session, A/45/587, 27 October 1990, Paragraph 26
40. Minutes of the U.N. Security Council, 2982nd Session (1991), pp. 3-5
41. Curiously, no-one as alarmed about the threat to peace posed by the Turkish army when - four years later - it moved across the border to crack down on the PKK in Kurdistan
42. See the Report by the Secretary General, 17 August 1993 (S/26317), Paragraph 45
43. Minutes of the U.N. Security Council, 3447th Session (4 November 1994), pp. 2-14
44. See R. Brauman, Le Crime humanitaire: Somalie, Paris, 1993
45. M. Klen, "L'Enfer somalien," in: Défense nationale, February 1993, pp. 135-43
46. S. Smith, Somalie. La Guerre perdue de l'humanitaire, Paris, 1993
47. J. Stevenson, "Hope Restored in Somalia?" in: Foreign Policy, No. 91 (Fall 1993), pp. 138-72