The early Roman Imperial aes coinage II: Tracing the copper sources by analysis of lead and copper isotopes-copper coins of Augustus and Tiberius

Archaeometry

Volumn 46, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 469-480

  Klein, S ^a   Lahaye, Y ^a   Brey, G P ^a   Von Kaenel, H M ^a  

^a GOETHE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Coins; Copper; Copper isotopes; Imperial; Lead isotopes; MC ICP MS; Ore deposits; Provenance; Roman

Indexed keywords

ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; MANUFACTURING; PROVENANCE; ROMAN ERA;

EID: 5044225780     PISSN: 0003813X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4754.2004.00168.x     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Andreau, J., 1989, Recherches récentes sur les mines à l'époque romaine I. Propriété et mode d'exploitation, Revue Numismatique, 6e série, 31, 86-112.
2. Barnes, I. L., Brill, R. H., Deal, E. C., and Piercy, G. V., 1986, Lead isotope studies of some of the finds from the Serce Liman shipwreck, in Archaeometry, proceedings of the 24th international symposium, Washington, DC, 1984 (eds. J. S. Olin and M. J. Blackman), 1 -11, Washington, DC, The Smithsonian Institution Press.
3. Begemann, F., Schmitt-Strecker, S., Pernicka, E., and Lo Schiavo, F., 2001, Chemical composition and lead isotopy of copper and bronze from Nuragic Sardinia, European Journal of Archaeology, 4, 43-85.
4. Boni, M., Di Maio, G., Frei, R., and Villa, M., 2000, Lead isotopic evidence for a mixed provenance for Roman water pipes from Pompeii, Archaeometry, 42, 201-8.
5. Brill, R. H., and Shields, W. R., 1972, Lead isotopes in ancient coins, in Methods of chemical and metallurgical investigation of ancient coinage (eds. E. T. Hall and D. M. Metcalf), 279-303, RNS Special Publication No. 8, Oxford.
6. Domergue, C., 1994a, L'Etat romain et le commerce des métaux à la fin de la République et sous le Haut-Empire, in Économie antique. Les échanges dans l'antiquité: le rôle de l'État (eds. P. Briant and R. Decat), 94-113, Éntretiens d'Archéologie et d'Historie 1, Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges.
7. Domergue, C., 1994b, Production et commerce des métaux dans le monde romain: l'exemple des métaux hispaniques d'après l'epigraphie des lingots, in Epigrafia della produzione e della distribuzione (eds. C. Nicolet and Panciera), 61-91, Collection de l'École Française de Rome 193.
8. Gale, N. H., 1989, Lead isotope analysis applied to provenance studies: a brief review, in Archaeometry, proceedings of the 25th international symposium, Athens, 1986 (ed. Y. Maniatis), 469-502, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
9. Gale, N. H., Stos-Gale, Z. A., Maliotis, G., and Annetts, N., 1997, Lead isotope data from the Isotrace Laboratory, Oxford: Archaeometry data base 4, ores from Cyprus, Archaeometry, 39, 237-46.
10. Gale, N. H., Woodhead, A. P., Stos-Gale, Z. A., Walder, A., and Bowen, I., 1999, Natural variations detected in the isotopic composition of copper: possible applications to archaeology and geochemistry, International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 184, 1-9.
11. Gebel, A., and Schmidt, K., 2001, Analyse der Pb-Isotopie römischer Silbermünzen mit Hilfe der Laserablation-ICPMS, in Metallanalytische Untersuchungen an Münzen der Römischen Republik (ed. W. Hollstein), 55-70, Berliner Numismatische Forschungen Neue Folge, Band 6.
12. Klein, S., and von Kaenel, H.-M., 2000, The early Roman Imperial Aes coinage: metal analysis and numismatic studies, Schweizerische Numismatische Rundschau, 79, 53-106.
13. Larson, P. B., Ramos, F. C., Maher, K., Gaspar, M., Chang, Z., Meinert, L. D., and Wolff, J. A., 2002, Cu isotopes: tracing metal sources in ore deposits, Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2002, A432.
14. McGeehan-Liritzis, V., and Gale, N. H., 1988, Chemical and lead isotope analyses of Greek Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age metals, Archaeometry, 30, 199-225.
15. Niederschlag, E., Pernicka, E., Seifert, Th., and Bartelheim, M., 2003, The determination of lead isotope ratios by multiple collector ICP-MS: a case study of Early Bronze Age artefacts and their possible relation with ore deposits of the Erzgebirge, Archaeometry, 45, 61-100.
16. Raber, P., 1987, Early copper production in the Polis region, western Cyprus, Journal of Field Archaeology, 14, 297-312.
17. Stacey, J. S., and Kramers, J. D., 1975, Approximation of terrestrial lead isotope evolution by a two-stage model, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 26, 207-21.
18. Stos-Gale, S., Maliotis, G., and Gale, N. H., 1998, A preliminary survey of the Cypriot slag heaps and their contribution to the reconstruction of copper production on Cyprus, in Metallurgica antiqua (eds. Th. Rehren, A. Hauptmann and J. Muhly), 235 -62, Der Anschnitt, Beiheft 8, Deutsches Bergbau-Museum, Bochum.
19. Stos-Gale, Z. A., 1998, Lead isotope analysis of coins-a review, in Metallurgy in numismatics, vol. 4 (eds. A. Oddy and M. Cowell), 348-66, RNS Special Publication No. 30, Oxford.
20. Stos-Gale, Z. A., and Gale, N. H., 1992, New light on the provenance of the copper oxhide ingots found on Sardinia, in Sardinia in the Mediterranean: a footprint in the sea (Sheffield) (eds. R. H. Tykot and T. K. Andrews), 317-45, Sheffield, Sheffield Academic Press.
21. Stos-Gale, Z. A., Gale, N. H., and Annetts, N., 1996, Lead isotope data from the Isotrace Laboratory, Oxford: Archaeometry data base 3, ores from the Aegean, part 1, Archaeometry, 38, 381-90.
22. Stos-Gale, Z., Gale, N. H., Houghton, J., and Speakman, R., 1995, Lead isotope data from the Isotrace Laboratory, Oxford: Archaeometry data base 1, ores from the western Mediterranean, Archaeometry, 37, 407-15.
23. Stos-Gale, Z. A., Maliotis, G., Gale, N. H., and Annetts, N., 1997, Lead isotope characteristics of the Cyprus copper ore deposits applied to provenance studies of copper oxhide ingots, Archaeometry, 39, 83-123.
24. Sutherland, C. H. V., 1984, The Roman Imperial Coinage, vol. I, revised edition 31 BC to AD 69, in The Roman Imperial Coinage (eds. C. H. V, Sutherland and R. A. D. Carson), Spink, London.
25. Wagner, R., 2000, Searching ancient copper sources-a lead isotope study of Roman bronze vessels from Pompeii, Kölner Jahrbuch, 33, 615-16.
26. Zhu, X. K., O'Nions, R. K., Guo, Y., Belshaw, N. S., and Rickard, D., 2000, Determination of natural Cu-isotope variation by plasma-source mass spectrometry: implications for use as geochemical tracers, Chemical Geology, 163, 139-49.