High fidelity rotor aerodynamic module for real-time rotorcraft flight simulation

Annual Forum Proceedings - AHS International

Volumn 1, Issue , 2008, Pages 288-308

  Wachspress, Daniel A ^a   Keller, Jeffrey D ^a   Quackenbush, Todd R ^a   Whitehouse, Glen R ^a   Yu, Ke ^a  

^a Continuum Dynamics Inc ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AERODYNAMIC MODELING; AERODYNAMIC PHENOMENA; ANHEDRAL; BLADE LOADING; BLADE TIPS; CURRENT GENERATION; CURRENT MODELING; FLIGHT CONDITIONS; FLIGHT SIMULATIONS; FULL-SPECTRUM; GROUND VORTEX; HANDLING QUALITIES; HIGH-FIDELITY; INDUCED FLOW FIELD; INDUCED VELOCITY; KEY FEATURE; NEW MODEL; REAL-TIME MODELING; REAL-TIME PREDICTION; REAL-TIME SIMULATIONS; ROTOR BLADES; ROTOR TIP; ROTOR WAKES; ROTORCRAFT FLIGHT SIMULATION; TIP SHAPES; VORTEX RING STATE;

AERODYNAMICS; AIR; DYNAMICS; FLIGHT SIMULATORS; FLOW FIELDS; FLOW OF FLUIDS; GAS DYNAMICS; THREE DIMENSIONAL;

VORTEX FLOW;

EID: 50249148891     PISSN: 15522938     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (44)

1. Peters, D.A. and He, C.J., "Finite State Induced Flow Models Part II: Three-Dimensional Rotor Disk," Journal of Aircraft, 32(2), March-April 1995.
2. Peters, D.A. and Morillo, J.A., "Towards a Complete Dynamic Wake Model in Axial Flow," AHS Aeromechanics Specialists' Meeting, Atlanta, GA, November 13-15 2000.
3. Peters, D.A. and Nelson, A.R., "A Dynamic Wake Model in Two Dimensions from a Galerkin Approach," AHS Aeromechanics Specialists' Meeting, Atlanta, GA, November 13-15 2000.
4. Peters, D., Email communication. 2005.
5. He, C., Lee, C.S., and Chen, W., "Rotorcraft Simulation Model Enhancement to Support Design Testing and Operational Analysis," American Helicopter Society 55th Annual Forum, Montreal, Canada, May 25-27 1999.
6. Keller, J.D., "An Investigation of Helicopter Dynamic Coupling Using an Analytical Model," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, 41(4), October 1996.
7. Krothapalli, K.R., Prasad, J.V.R., and Peters, D.A., "Helicopter Rotor Dynamic Inflow Modeling for Maneuvering Flight," American Helicopter Society 55th Annual Forum, Montreal, Canada, May 25-27 1999.
8. Lee, C.S. and He, C.J., "A Free Wake/Ground Vortex Model for Rotors at Low Speed in-Ground-Effect Flight," AHS 51st Annual Forum, Fort Worth, TX, May 1995.
9. Prasad, J., Zhao, J., and Peters, D., "Helicopter Rotor Wake Distortion Models for Maneuvering Flight," 28th European Rotorcraft Forum, Bristol, UK, September 2002.
10. Xin, H., Prasad, J.V.R., Peters, D., Ibushi, N., et al., "Correlation of Experimental Measurements with a Finite-State Ground Effect Model," AHS 56th Annual Forum, Virginia Beach, Virginia, May 2-4 2000.
11. Zhao, J., Prasad, J.V.R., and Peters, D.A., "Validation of a Rotor Dynamic Wake Distortion Model for Helicopter Maneuvering Flight Simulation," American Helicopter Society 60th Annual Forum, Baltimore, MD, June 2004.
12. He, C., Xin, H., and Bhagwat, M., "Advanced Rotor Wake Interference Modeling for Multiple Aircraft Shipboard Landing Simulation," American Helicopter Society 60th Annual Forum, Baltimore, MD, June 2004.
13. Johnson, W.J., "Rotorcraft Aeromechanics Applications of a Comprehensive Analysis," HeliJapan 98 - AHS International Meeting on Advanced Rotorcraft Technology and Disaster Relief, Gifu, Japan, April 1998.
14. Wachspress, D.A., Quackenbush, T.R., and Boschitsch, A.H., "First-Principles, Free-Vortex Wake Model for Helicopters and Tiltrotors," AHS 59th Annual Forum, Phoenix, AZ, May 2003.
15. Quackenbush, T.R., Wachspress, D.A., Boschitsch, A.H., and Keller, J.D., "Real Time Free Wake Methods for Rotorcraft Simulation and Design," Continuum Dynamics, Inc., CDI Report No. 01-11, September 2001.
16. Quackenbush, T.R., Wachspress, D.A., Keller, J.D., Boschitsch, A.H., et al., "Full Vehicle Flight Simulation with Real Time Free Wake Methods," AHS Aerodynamics, Acoustics, and Test and Evaluation Technical Specialists Meeting, San Francisco, CA, January 2002.
17. Horn, J., Bridges, D., Wachspress, D., and Rani, S., "Implementation of a Free-Vortex Wake Model in Real-Time Simulation of Rotorcraft," AHS 61st Annual Forum, Grapevine, TX, June 2005.
18. Kothmann, B.D., Lu, Y., DeBrun, E., and Horn, J., "Perspectives on Rotorcraft Aerodynamic Modeling for Flight Dynamics Applications," AHS 4th Decennial Specialist's Conference on Aeromechanics, San Francisco, CA, January 2004.
19. Spoldi, S. and Ruckel, P., "High Fidelity Helicopter Simulation using Free Wake, Lifting Line Tail, and Blade Element Tail Rotor Models," American Helicopter Society 59th Annual Forum, Phoenix, AZ, May 2003.
20. Johnson, W., Helicopter Theory, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1980.
21. Quackenbush, T.R., Wachspress, D.A., Boschitsch, A.H., and Curbishley, T.B., "A Comprehensive Hierarchical Aeromechanics Rotorcraft Model (CHARM) for General Rotor/Surface Interaction," Continuum Dynamics, Inc., CDI Report No. 99-03, January 1999.
22. Leishman, J.G., Bhagwat, MJ., and Bagai, A., "Free-Vortex Filament Methods for the Analysis of Helicopter Rotor Wakes," Journal of Aircraft, 39(5), September-October 2002.
23. Yen, J.G., Corrigan, J.J., Schillings, J.J., and Hsieh, P. Y., "Comprehensive Analysis Methodology at Bell Helicopter: COPTER," NASA/AHS Aeromechanics Specialists Conference, San Francisco, Jan. 1994.
24. Bagai, A., Leishman, J.G., and Park, J., "Aerodynamic Analysis of a Helicopter in Steady Maneuvering Flight Using a Free-Vortex Rotor Wake Model," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, 44(2), April 1999.
25. Johnson, W., "Influence of Wake Models on Calculated Tiltrotor Aerodynamics," AHS Aerodynamics, Acoustics, and Test and Evaluation Technical Specialists Meeting, San Francisco, CA, January 23-25 2002.
26. Wachspress, D.A., Quackenbush, T.R., and Boschitsch, A.H., "Rotorcraft Interactional Aerodynamics with Fast Vortex/Fast Panel Methods," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, 48(4), October 2003.
27. Vatistas, G.H., Kozel, V., and Mih, W.C., "A Simpler Model for Concentrated Vortices," Experiments in Fluids, 11, 1991.
28. Bagai, A. and Leishman, J.G., "Rotor Free-Wake Modeling Using a Relaxation Technique - Including Comparisons with Experimental Data," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, 40(3), July 1995.
29. Scully, M.P., "Computation of Helicopter Rotor Wake Geometry and Its Influence on Rotor Harmonic Airloads," MIT Aeroelastic and Structures Research Laboratory, ASRL TR 178-1, March 1975.
30. Squire, H.B., "The Growth of a Vortex in Turbulent Flow," The Aeronautical Quarterly, 16, August 1965.
31. Bhagwat, M., J. and Leishman, J.G., "Generalized Viscous Vortex Model for Application to Free-Vortex Wake and Aeroacoustic Calculations," AHS 58th Annual Forum, Montreal, Canada, June 11-13 2002.
32. Falkner, V.V., "The Calculation of Aerodynamic Loading on Surfaces of Any Shape," Aeronautical Research Council, Aeronautical Research Council R&M 1910, August 1943.
33. Rubbert, P.E., "A General Method for Determining the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Fan-in Wing Configurations - Volume 1," USAAVLABS TR 67-614, 1967.
34. Margason, R.J. and Lamar, J.E., "Vortex Lattice FORTRAN Program for Estimating Subsonic Aerodynamic Characteristics of Complex Planforms," NASA, NASA TN-D 61142, 1971.
35. Chiu, Y.D., "Convergence of Discrete Vortex Induced-Flow Calculations by Optimum Choice of Mesh," Georgia Institute of Technology, PhD Thesis, August 1988.
36. Shinoda, P.M., Yeo, H., and Norman, T., "Rotor Performance of a UH-60 Rotor System in the NASA Ames 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel," AHS 58th Annual Forum, Montreal, Canada, June 11-13 2002.
37. Lorber, P.F., "Pressure-Instrumented Model UH-60A Black Hawk Test at DNW," UTRC, UTRC Publication R91-153577-1, February 1991.
38. Tung, C. and Lee, S., "Evaluation of Hover Performance Codes," AHS 50th Annual Forum, Washington, D.C., May 1994.
39. Hayden, J.S., "The Effect of the Ground on Hovering Power Required," American Helicopter Society 32nd Annual Forum, May 1976.
40. Boschitsch, A.H., Usab, W.J.J., and Epstein, R.J., "Fast Lifting Panel Method," AIAA 14th Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference, Norfolk, Virginia, June/July 1999.
41. Wachspress, D.A., Quackenbush, T., R., and Boschitsch, A.H., "Rotorcraft Interactional Aerodynamics Calculations with Fast Vortex/Fast Panel Methods," AHS 56th Annual Forum, Virginia Beach, Virginia, May 2-4 2000.
42. Keller, J.D., Whitehouse, G., R., Wachspress, D.A., Teske, M.E., et al., "A Physics-Based Model of Rotorcraft Brownout for Flight Simulation Applications," 62nd Annual Forum of American Helicopter Society, Phoenix, AZ, May 2006.
43. Curtiss, H., C., Jr., Erdman, W.P., and Sun, M., "Ground Effect Aerodynamics," Vertica, 11(1), 1987.
44. Erdman, W.P., "Investigating Inflow Model Refinements for Hingeless Helicopter Rotors in Ground Effect," PhD Thesis, Princeton University, Princeton University, 1986.