Algebraic and slide attacks on KeeLoq

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)

Volumn 5086 LNCS, Issue , 2008, Pages 97-115

  Courtois, Nicolas T ^a   Bard, Gregory V ^b   Wagner, David ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b FORDHAM UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Algebraic cryptanalysis; Block ciphers; Gr bner bases; KeeLoq; SAT solvers; Slide attacks; Unbalanced Feistel ciphers

Indexed keywords

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS;

ALGEBRAIC CRYPTANALYSIS; BLOCK CIPHERS; CHRYSLER; GATE COUNTS; KEELOQ; SAT SOLVERS; SLIDE ATTACKS; UNBALANCED FEISTEL CIPHERS; VOLKSWAGEN; WIRELESS DEVICES;

CRYPTOGRAPHY;

EID: 50249137714     PISSN: 03029743     EISSN: 16113349     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-71039-4_6     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (39)

1. Bardet, M., Faug̀re, J.-C., Salvy, B.: On the complexity of Gröbner basis computation of semi-regular overdetermined algebraic equations. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Polynomial System Solving (ICPSS, Paris, France), pp. 71-75 (2004)
2. Biryukov, A., Wagner, D.: Advanced Slide Attacks. In: Preneel, B. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2000. LNCS, vol. 1807, pp. 589-606. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)
3. Biryukov, A., Wagner, D.: Slide Attacks. In: Knudsen, L.R. (ed.) FSE 1999. LNCS, vol. 1636, pp. 245-259. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)
4. Bogdanov, A.: Cryptanalysis of the KeeLoq block cipher, http://eprint.iacr.org/2007/055
5. Bogdanov, A.: Attacks on the KeeLoq Block Cipher and Authentication Systems. In: 3rd Conference on RFID Security 2007, RFIDSec (2007)
6. Bogdanov, A.: Linear Slide Attacks on the KeeLoq Block Cipher. In: The 3rd SKLOIS Conference on Information Security and Cryptology (Inscrypt 2007). LNCS. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
7. Cid, C., Babbage, S., Pramstaller, N., Raddum, H.: An Analysis of the Hermes8 Stream Cipher. In: Pieprzyk, J., Ghodosi, H., Dawson, E. (eds.) ACISP 2007. LNCS, vol. 4586, pp. 1-10. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
8. Keeloq wikipedia article. On 25 January 2007 the specification given here was incorrect and was updated since, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KeeLoq
9. Keeloq C source code by Ruptor, http://cryptolib.com/ciphers/
10. Courtois, N.: Examples of equations generated for experiments with algebraic cryptanalysis of KeeLoq, http://www.cryptosystem.net/aes/toyciphers. html
11. Courtois, N., Patarin, J.: About the XL Algorithm over GF(2). In: Joye, M. (ed.) CT-RSA 2003. LNCS, vol. 2612, pp. 141-157. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
12. Courtois, N., Shamir, A., Patarin, J., Klimov, A.: Efficient Algorithms for solving Overdefined Systems of Multivariate Polynomial Equations. In: Preneel, B. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2000. LNCS, vol. 1807, pp. 392-407. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)
13. Courtois, N., Pieprzyk, J.: Cryptanalysis of Block Ciphers with Overdefined Systems of Equations. In: Zheng, Y. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2002. LNCS, vol. 2501, pp. 267-287. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
14. Courtois, N., Meier, W.: Algebraic Attacks on Stream Ciphers with Linear Feedback. In: Biham, E. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2003. LNCS, vol. 2656, pp. 345-359. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
15. Courtois, N.: General Principles of Algebraic Attacks and New Design Criteria for Components of Symmetric Ciphers. In: Dobbertin, H., Rijmen, V., Sowa, A. (eds.) AES 2005. LNCS, vol. 3373, pp. 67-83. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
16. Courtois, N.: The Inverse S-box, Non-linear Polynomial Relations and Cryptanalysis of Block Ciphers. In: Dobbertin, H., Rijmen, V., Sowa, A. (eds.) AES 2005. LNCS, vol. 3373, pp. 170-188. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
17. Courtois, N.T.: How Fast can be Algebraic Attacks on Block Ciphers? In: Biham, E., Handschuh, H., Lucks, S., Rijmen, V. (eds.) online proceedings of Dagstuhl Seminar 07021, Symmetric Cryptography (January 07-12, 2007), http://drops.dagstuhl.de/portals/index.php?semnr=07021, http://eprint.iacr.org/ 2006/168/ ISSN 1862 - 4405
18. Courtois, N.: CTC2 and Fast Algebraic Attacks on Block Ciphers Revisited, http://eprint.iacr.org/2007/152/
19. Courtois, N., Bard, G.V.: Algebraic Cryptanalysis of the Data Encryption Standard. In: Cryptography and Coding, 11-th IMA Conference, Cirencester, UK, December 18-20, 2007. Springer, Heidelberg (2007), eprint.iacr.org/2006/402/; Also presented at ECRYPT workshop Tools for Cryptanalysis, Krakow, September 24-25 (2007)
20. Bard, G.V., Courtois, N.T., Jefferson, C.: Efficient Methods for Conversion and Solution of Sparse Systems of Low-Degree Multivariate Polynomials over GF(2) via SAT-Solvers, http://eprint.iacr.org/2007/024/
21. Courtois, N., Bard, G.V., Wagner, D.: Algebraic and Slide Attacks on KeeLoq, Older preprint with using incorrect specification of KeeLoq, eprint.iacr.org/2007/062/
22. Courtois, N., Bard, G.V., Wagner, D.: An Improved Algebraic-Slide Attack on KeeLoq, A sequel to the oresent paper (preprint available from the authors)
23. Biham, E., Dunkelman, O., Indesteege, S., Keller, N., Preneel, B.: How to Steal Cars - A Practical Attack on KeeLoq, Crypto 2007, rump session talk (2007); Full paper will be presented at Eurocrypt 2008 and published in Springer LNCS, http://www.cosic.esat.kuleuven.be/keeloq/keeloq-rump.pdf
24. 4). Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 139, 61-88 (1999), www.elsevier.com/locate/jpaa
25. Flajolet, P., Sedgewick, R.: Analytic Combinatorics, 807 pages. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (to appear, 2008), http://algo.inria.fr/flajolet/ Publications/book.pdf
26. Phan, R.C.-W., Furuya, S.: Sliding Properties of the DES Key Schedule and Potential Extensions to the Slide Attacks. In: Lee, P.J., Lim, C.H. (eds.) ICISC 2002. LNCS, vol. 2587, pp. 138-148. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
27. Furuya, S.: Slide Attacks with a Known-Plaintext Cryptanalysis. In: Kim, K.-c. (ed.) ICISC 2001. LNCS, vol. 2288, pp. 214-225. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
28. Granboulan, L., Pornin, T.: Perfect Block Ciphers with Small Blocks. In: Biryukov, A. (ed.) FSE 2007. LNCS, vol. 4593, pp. 452-465. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
29. Gemplus Combats SIM Card Cloning with Strong Key Security Solution, Press release, Paris ( November 5, 2002), http://www.gemalto.com/press/gemplus/2002/ r_d/strong_key_05112002.htm
30. Grossman, E.K., Tuckerman, B.: Analysis of a Feistel-like cipher weakened by having no rotating key, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Report RC 6375 (1977)
31. Kahn, D.: The Codebreakers, The Comprehensive History of Secret Communication from Ancient Times to the Internet (first published in 1967) (new chapter added in 1996)
32. Marraro, L., Massacci, F.: Towards the Formal Verification of Ciphers: Logical Cryptanalysis of DES. In: Proc. Third LICS Workshop on Formal Methods and Security Protocols, Federated Logic Conferences (FLOC 1999) (1999)
33. Microchip. An Introduction to KeeLoq Code Hopping (1996), http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/91002a.pdf
34. Microchip. Hopping Code Decoder using a PIC16C56, AN642 (1998), http://www.keeloq.boom.ru/decryption.pdf
35. Microchip. Using KeeLoq to Validate Subsystem Compatibility, AN827 (2002), http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/00827a.pdf
36. MiniSat 2.0. An open-source SAT solver package, by Niklas Een, Niklas Sorensson, http://www.cs.chalmers.se/Cs/Research/FormalMethods/MiniSat/
37. Mironov, I., Zhang, L.: Applications of SAT Solvers to Cryptanalysis of Hash Functions. In: Biere, A., Gomes, C.P. (eds.) SAT 2006. LNCS, vol. 4121, pp. 102-115. Springer, Heidelberg (2006), http://eprint.iacr.org/2006/254
38. Riedel, M.R.: Random Permutation Statistics, http://www.geocities.com/ markoriedelde/papers/randperms.pdf
39. Singular, A.: Free Computer Algebra System for polynomial computations, http://www.singular.uni-kl.de/