Ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity in highly resistive Pb0.7 Sr0.3 (Fe0.012 Ti0.988) O3 nanoparticles and its conduction by variable-range-hopping mechanism

Applied Physics Letters

Volumn 93, Issue 7, 2008, Pages

  Verma, Kuldeep Chand ^a   Singh, M ^a   Kotnala, R K ^b   Negi, N S ^a  

^a HIMACHAL PRADESH UNIVERSITY   (India)

^b NATIONAL PHYSICAL LABORATORY   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FERROELECTRICITY; FERROMAGNETISM; HEAT CONDUCTION; HYSTERESIS; MAGNETIC MATERIALS; MAGNETISM; MECHANISMS; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; NANOSTRUCTURES; OZONE WATER TREATMENT;

DEFECT STATES; HIGH RESISTIVITY; HOPPING MECHANISMS; MULTIFERROIC; POLARIZATION HYSTERESIS LOOPS; ROOM TEMPERATURES; SHORT-RANGE ORDER; SINGLE PHASING; VARIABLE-RANGE HOPPING CONDUCTION; X-RAY DIFFRACTION;

NANOPARTICLES;

EID: 50249125273     PISSN: 00036951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.2973400     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. J. Hemberger, P. Lunkenheimer, R. Fichtl, H. A. Nidda, V. Tsurkan, and A. Loidl, Nature (London) 0028-0836 10.1038/nature03348 434, 364 (2005).
2. J. M. D. Coey, A. P. Douvalis, C. B. Fitzgerald, and M. Venkatesan, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1650041 84, 1332 (2004).
3. T. Kimura, Y. Sekio, H. Nakamura, T. Siegrist, and A. P. Ramirez, Nat. Mater. 1476-1122 10.1038/nmat2125 7, 291 (2008).
4. R. Schmidt, W. Eerenstein, T. Winiecki, F. D. Morrison, and P. A. Midgley, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.75.245111 75, 245111 (2007).
5. Y. P. Wang, L. Zhou, M. F. Zhang, Y. Y. Chen, J. M. Liu, and Z. G. Liu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1667612 84, 1731 (2004).
6. S. Y. Tan, S. R. Shannigrahi, S. H. Tan, and F. E. H. Tay, J. Appl. Phys. 103, 09405 (2008). 0021-8979
7. M. Li, M. Ning, Y. Ma, Q. Wu, and C. K. Ong, J. Phys. D 0022-3727 10.1088/0022-3727/40/6/002 40, 1603 (2007).
8. P. L. Rossiter, The Electrical Resistivity of Metals and Alloys (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1987).
9. K. C. Verma, R. K. Kotnala, and N. S. Negi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.2906359 92, 152902 (2008).
10. F. M. Pontes, S. H. Leal, M. R. Santos, E. R. Leite, E. Longo, L. E. Soledade, A. J. Chiquito, M. A. Machado, and J. A. Varela, Appl. Phys. A 80, 875 (2005).
11. M. A. Chernikov, L. Degiorgi, E. Felder, S. Paschen, A. D. Bianchi, H. R. Ott, J. L. Sarrao, Z. Fisk, and D. Mandrus, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.1366 56, 1366 (1997).
12. L. Steinke, D. Schuh, M. Bichler, G. Abstreiter, and M. Grayson, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.235319 77, 235319 (2008).
13. B. D. Cullity, X-Ray Diffraction (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1967).
14. M. K. Roy, B. Haldar, and H. C. Verma, Nanotechnology 0957-4484 10.1088/0957-4484/17/1/039 17, 232 (2006).
15. Z. Ren, G. Xu, X. Wei, Y. Liu, X. Hou, P. Du, W. Weng, G. Shen, and G. Han, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.2766839 91, 063106 (2007).
16. A. Kumar, I. Rivera, R. S. Katiyar, and J. F. Scott, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.2906371 92, 132913 (2008).
17. T. Matsui, H. Tanaka, N. Fujimura, N. Ito, H. Mabuchi, and K. Morii, Appl. Phys. Lett. 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1513213 81, 2764 (2002).
18. V. R. Palkar and S. K. Malik, Solid State Commun. 0038-1098 10.1016/j.ssc.2005.01.032 134, 783 (2005).
19. N. F. Mott and E. A. Davis, Electronic Processes in Non-Crystalline Materials (Clarendon, Oxford, 1979).
20. C. Ang, Z. Yu, Z. Jing, P. Lunkenheimer, and A. Loidl, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.3922 61, 3922 (2000).