Tracking in low frame rate video: A cascade particle filter with discriminative observers of different life spans

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence

Volumn 30, Issue 10, 2008, Pages 1728-1740

  Li, Yuan ^a   Ai, Haizhou ^b   Yamashita, Takayoshi ^c   Lao, Shihong ^c   Kawade, Masato ^c  

^a University of Southern California ^*  (United States)

^b TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c OMRON CORPORATION   (Japan)

Author keywords

Abrupt motion; Discriminative model; Low frame rate video; Object tracking; Particle filter

Indexed keywords

AIR FILTERS; NONLINEAR FILTERING; ROUGH SET THEORY; SIGNAL FILTERING AND PREDICTION; WAVE FILTERS;

ABRUPT MOTION; AND DETECTION; BACKGROUND CLUTTER; DISCRIMINATIVE MODEL; FRAME RATES; IMPORTANCE SAMPLING; LIFESPANS; LOW FRAME RATE VIDEO; MULTIPLE STAGES; OBJECT TRACKING; PARTICLE FILTER; PARTICLE FILTERING; SEARCH SPACES; TRACKING METHODS;

TARGET TRACKING;

ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE; AUTOMATED PATTERN RECOGNITION; COMPUTER ASSISTED DIAGNOSIS; DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; IMAGE SUBTRACTION; METHODOLOGY; MOTION; REPRODUCIBILITY; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; THREE DIMENSIONAL IMAGING; VIDEORECORDING;

ALGORITHMS; ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE; DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; IMAGE INTERPRETATION, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; IMAGING, THREE-DIMENSIONAL; MOTION; PATTERN RECOGNITION, AUTOMATED; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SUBTRACTION TECHNIQUE; VIDEO RECORDING;

EID: 50249113689     PISSN: 01628828     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TPAMI.2008.73     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Caviar Dataset, http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/rbf/CAVIAR/DATA1/, 2008.
2. CMU Vivid Dataset, http://www.vividevaluation.ri.cmu.edu/, 2008.
3. Intel OpenCV Library, http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/ opencvlibrary, 2008.
4. Pets 2006 Dataset, http://www.cvg.rdg.ac.uk/PETS2006/, 2008.
5. S. Avidan, "Ensemble Tracking," IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 261-271, Feb. 2007.
6. S. Birchfield, Source Code of the KLT Feature Tracker, http:// www.ces.clemon.edu/~stb/klt/, 2006.
7. R.T. Collins, Y. Liu, and M. Leordeanu, "Online Selection of Discriminative Tracking Features," IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 27, no. 10, pp. 1631-1643, Oct. 2005.
8. D. Comaniciu, V. Ramesh, and P. Meer, "Real-Time Tracking of Non-Rigid Objects Using Mean Shift," Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2000.
9. N. Dalai and B. Triggs, "Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Human Detection," Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2005.
10. J. Deutscher, A. Blake, and I. Reid, "Articulated Body Motion Capture by Annealed Particle Filtering," Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2000.
11. Y. Freund and R.E. Schapire, "Experiments with a New Boosting Algorithm," Proc. Int'l Conf. Machine Learning (ICML), 1996.
12. M. Han, A. Sethi, W. Hua, and Y. Gong, "A Detection-Based Multiple Object Tracking Method," Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Image Processing (ICIP), 2004.
13. C. Hou, H. Ai, and S. Lao, "Partitioned Sampling, Articulated Objects, and Interface-Quality Hand Tracking," Proc. Asian Conf. Computer Vision (ACCV), 2007.
14. G. Hua and Y. Wu, "Multi-Scale Visual Tracking by Sequential Belief Propagation," Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2004.
15. C. Huang, H. Ai, Y. Li, and S. Lao, "Vector Boosting for Rotation Invariant Multi-View Face Detection," Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Computer Vision (ICCV), 2005.
16. C. Huang, H. Ai, Y. Li, and S. Lao, "High-Performance Rotation Invariant Multiview Face Detection," IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 671-686, Apr. 2007.
17. M. Isard and A. Blake, "Condensation - Conditional Density Propagation for Visual Tracking," Int'l J. Computer Vision, vol. 28, no. 1. pp. 5-28, 1998.
18. A. Jepson, D. Fleet, and T. El Maraghi, "Robust Online Appearance Models for Visual Tracking," IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 1296-1311, Oct. 2003.
19. R. Kaucic, A.G.A. Perera, G. Brooksby, J. Kaufhold, and A. Hoogs, "A Unified Framework for Tracking Through Occlusions and Across Sensor Gaps," Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2005.
20. K. Lee and D. Kriegman, "Online Learning of Probabilistic Appearance Manifolds for Video-Based Recognition and Tracking," Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2005.
21. J. Lim, D. Ross, R.-S. Lin, and M.-H. Yang, "Incremental Learning for Visual Tracking," Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 2004.
22. C. Liu, H.-Y. Shum, and C. Zhang, "Hierarchical Shape Modeling for Automatic Face Localization," Proc. European Conf. Computer Vision (ECCV), 2002.
23. J.S. Liu, Monte Carlo Strategies in Scientific Computing. Springer, ISBN: 0-387-95230-6, 1994.
24. J. MacCormick and A. Blake, "A Probabilistic Exclusion Principle for Tracking Multiple Objects," Int'l J. Computer Vision, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 57-71, 2003.
25. J. MacCormick and M. Isard, "Partitioned Sampling, Articulated Objects, and Interface-Quality Hand Tracking," Proc. European Conf. Computer Vision (ECCV), 2000.
26. K. Okuma, A. Taleghani, D. Freitas, J.J. Little, and D.G. Lowe, "A Boosted Particle Filter: Multitarget Detection and Tracking," Proc. European Conf. Computer Vision (ECCV), 2004.
27. F. Porikli and O. Tuzel, "Object Tracking in Low-Frame-Rate Video," SPIE Image and Video Comm. and Processing, vol. 5685, pp. 72-79, 2005.
28. J. Sullivan, A. Blake, M. Isard, and J. MacCormick, "Object Localization by Bayesian Correlation," Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Computer Vision (ICCV), 1999.
29. C. Tomasi and T. Kanade, "Detection and Tracking of Point Features," Technical Report CMU-CS-91-132, Carnegie Mellon Univ., 1991.
30. P. Viola and M. Jones, "Robust Real-Time Object Detection," Proc. IEEE Workshop Statistical and Theories of Computer Vision, 2001.
31. J. Wang, X. Chen, and W. Gao, "Online Selecting Discriminative Tracking Features Using Particle Filter," Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2005.
32. B. Wu and R. Nevatia, "Tracking of Multiple, Partially Occluded Humans Based on Static Body Part Detection," Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2006.
33. C. Yang, R. Duraiswami, and L. Davis, "Fast Multiple Object Tracking via a Hierarchical Particle Filter," Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Computer Vision (ICCV), 2005.
34. T. Yu and Y. Wu, "Collaborative Tracking of Multiple Targets," Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2004.