Cigarette smoking and kidney dysfunction in diabetes mellitus

Journal of Nephrology

Volumn 21, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 180-189

  Cignarelli, Mauro ^a   Lamacchia, Olga ^a   di Paolo, Salvatore ^a   Gesualdo, Loreto ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FOGGIA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Diabetes; Kidney disease; Smoking

Indexed keywords

ARACHIDONIC ACID DERIVATIVE; CATECHOLAMINE; DIACYLGLYCEROL; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN; ISOPROSTANE DERIVATIVE; NICOTINE; NORNICOTINE; PROSTAGLANDIN F2 ALPHA; PROTEIN KINASE C; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1; VASCULOTROPIN;

BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL MIGRATION; CIGARETTE SMOKING; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; DISEASE SEVERITY; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS; GLOMERULUS BASEMENT MEMBRANE; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMAN; KIDNEY BLOOD FLOW; KIDNEY FAILURE; KIDNEY FUNCTION; KIDNEY INJURY; KIDNEY STRUCTURE; MICROALBUMINURIA; MICROANGIOPATHY; NEPHROTOXICITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PREVALENCE; REDOX STRESS; REVIEW; RISK REDUCTION; SMOKING CESSATION; KIDNEY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; SMOKING;

DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHIES; GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE; HUMANS; KIDNEY; SMOKING; SMOKING CESSATION;

EID: 50049122251     PISSN: 11218428     EISSN: 17246059     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (106)

1. Maisonneuve P, Agodoa L, Gellert R. Distribution of primary renal diseases leading to end-stage renal failure in the United States, Europe, and Australia/New Zealand: results from an international comparative study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;35:157-165.
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Incidence of end-stage renal disease among persons with diabetes-United States, 1990-2002. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005;54:1097-1100.
3. Schena FP, Gesualdo L. Pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16(Suppl 1):S30-S33.
4. Ritz E, Orth SR. Nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:1127-1133.
5. Ritz E, Rychlik I, Locatelli F, Halimi S. Endstage renal failure in type 2 diabetes: a medical catastrophe of worldwide dimensions. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999;4:795-808.
6. Mazzucco C, Bertani T, Fortunato M, et al. Different patterns of renal damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a multicentric study on 393 biopsies. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39:713-720.
7. Burchfiel CM, Tracy RE, Chyou PH, Strong JP. Cardiovascular risk factors and hyalinization of renal arterioles at autopsy. The Honolulu heart program. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997;17:760-768.
8. Orth SR. Effects of smoking on systemic and intrarenal hemodynamics: influence on renal function. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15(Suppl):S58-S63.
9. Ford ES, Malarcher AM, Herman WH, Aubert RE. Diabetes mellitus and cigarette smoking: findings from the 1989 National Health Interview Survey. Diabetes Care. 1994;17:688-692.
10. Malarcher AM, Ford ES, Nelson DE, et al. Trends in cigarette smoking and physicians' advice to quit smoking among people with diabetes in the U.S. Diabetes Care. 1995;18:694-697.
11. Gill GV, Rolfe M, MacFarlane IA, Huddle KR. Smoking habits of black South African patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med. 1996;13:996-999.
12. Mühlhauser I, Sawicki P, Berger M. Cigarette-smoking as a risk factor for macroproteinuria and proliferative retinopathy in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. Diabetologia. 1986;29:500-502.
13. Stegmayr BC. A study of patients with diabetes mellitus (type 1) and end-stage renal failure: tobacco usage may increase risk of nephropathy and death. J Intern Med. 1990;228:121-124.
14. Chase HP, Garg SK, Marshall G, et al. Cigarette smoking increases the risk of albuminuria among subjects with type I diabetes. JAMA. 1991;265:614-617.
15. Sawicki PT, Didjurgeit U, Mühlhauser I, Bender H, Heinemann L, Berger M. Smoking is associated with progression of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Care. 1994;17:126-131.
16. Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE. Incidence of gross proteinuria in older-onset diabetes: a population-based perspective. Diabetes. 1993;42:381-389.
17. Biesenbach G, Grafinger P, Janko O, Zazgornik J. Influence of cigarette-smoking on the progression of clinical diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Clin Nephrol 1997;48:146-150.
18. Yokoyama H, Tomonaga O, Hirayama M, et al. Predictors of the progression of diabetic nephropathy and the beneficial effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in NIDDM patients. Diabetologia 1997;40:405-411.
19. Gambaro G, Bax G, Fusaro M, et al. Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for nephropathy and its progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Nutr Metab. 2001;14:337-342.
20. Tung F, Levin SR. Nephropathy in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Med. 1988;85:131-136.
21. Chuahirun T, Khanna A, Kimball K, Wesson DE. Cigarette smoking and increased urine albumin excretion are interrelated predictors of nephropathy progression in type 2 diabetes. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;41:13-21.
22. Ekberg G, Grefberg N, Larsson LO, Vaara I. Cigarette smoking and glomerular filtration rate in insulin-treated diabetics without manifest nephropathy. J Intern Med. 1990;228:211-217.
23. Biesenbach G, Janko O, Zazgornik J. Similar rate of progression in the predialysis phase in type I and type II diabetes mellitus. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1994;9:1097-1102.
24. Orth SR, Schroeder T, Ritz E, Ferrari P. Effects of smoking on renal function in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005;20:2414-2419.
25. Baggio B, Budakovic A, Dalla Vestra M, Saller A, Bruseghin M, Fioretto P. Effects of cigarette smoking on glomerular structure and function in type 2 diabetic patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002;13:2730-2736.
26. De Cosmo S, Lamacchia O, Rauseo A, et al. Cigarette smoking is associated with low glomerular filtration rate in male patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:2467-2470.
27. Chuahirun T, Wesson DE. Cigarette smoking predicts faster progression of type 2 established diabetic nephropathy despite ACE inhibition. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39:376-82.
28. Christiansen JS. Cigarette smoking and prevalence of microangiopathy in juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1978;1:146-149.
29. Telmer S, Christiansen JS, Andersen AR, Nerup J, Deckert T. Smoking habits and prevalence of clinical diabetic microangiopathy in insulin-dependent diabetics. Acta Med Scand. 1984;215:63-68.
30. Gerstein HC, Mann JF, Pogue J, et al. Prevalence and determinants of microalbuminuria in high-risk diabetic and nondiabetic patients in the heart outcomes prevention evaluation study. The HOPE Study Investigators. Diabetes Care. 2000;23(suppl 2):B35-B39.
31. Norden G. Diabetic nephropathy: a clinical study of risk factors in type-I diabetes mellitus. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 1988;116:1-76.
32. Scott LJ, Warram JH, Hanna LS, Laffel LMB, Ryan L, Krolewski AS. A nonlinear effect of hyperglycemia and current cigarette smoking are major determinants of the onset of microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 2001;50:2842-2849.
33. Bangstad HJ, Osterby R, Rudberg S, Hartmann A, Brabrand K, Hanssen KF. Kidney function and glomerulopathy over 8 years in young patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria. Diabetologia. 2002;45:253-261.
34. Nilsson PM, Gudbjornsdottir S, Eliasson B, Cederholm J; Steering Committee of the Swedish National Diabetes Register. Smoking is associated with increased HbA1c values and microalbuminuria in patients with diabetes: data from the National Diabetes Register in Sweden. Diabetes Metab. 2004;30:261-268.
35. Cederholm J, Eliasson B, Nilsson PM, Weiss L, Gudbjornsdottir S. Steering Committee of the Swedish National Diabetes Register. Microalbuminuria and risk factors in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005;67:258-266.
36. de Boer IH, Sibley SD, Kestenbaum B, et al. Central obesity, incident microalbuminuria, and change in creatinine clearance in the epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18:235-243.
37. Mühlhauser I, Bender R, Bott U, et al. Cigarette smoking and progression of retinopathy and nephropathy in type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med. 1996;13:536-543.
38. Giorgino F, Laviola L, Cavallo Perin P, Solnica B, Fuller J, Chaturvedi N. Factors associated with progression to macroalbuminuria in microalbuminuric Type 1 diabetic patients: the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study. Diabetologia. 2004;47:1020-1028.
39. Hovind P, Rossing P, Parving HH. Smoking and progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2003;26:911-916.
40. Orth SR. Smoking and the kidney. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002;13:1663-1672.
41. Pijls LT, de Vries H, Kriegsman DM, Donker AJ, van Eijk JT. Determinants of albuminuria in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2001;52:133-143.
42. Keller CK, Bergis KH, Fliser D, Ritz E. Renal findings in patients with short-term type 2 diabetes. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1996;7:2627-2635.
43. Parving HH, Lewis JB, Ravid M, Remuzzi G, Hunsicker LG. DEMAND investigators. Prevalence and risk factors for microalbuminuria in a referred cohort of type II diabetic patients: a global perspective. Kidney Int. 2006;69:2057-2063.
44. Chuahirun T, Simoni J, Hudson C, et al. Cigarette smoking exacerbates and its cessation ameliorates renal injury in type 2 diabetes. Am J Med Sci. 2004;327:57-67.
45. MacIsaac RJ, Tsalamandris C, Panagiotopoulos S, Smith TJ, McNeil KJ, Jerums G. Nonalbuminuric renal insufficiency in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:195-200.
46. MacIsaac RJ, Panagiotopoulos S, McNeil KJ, et al. Is nonalbuminuric renal insufficiency in type 2 diabetes related to an increase in intrarenal vascular disease? Diabetes Care. 2006;29:1560-1566.
47. Uslu S, Efe B, Alatas O, et al. Serum cystatin C and urinary enzymes as screening markers of renal dysfunction in diabetic patients. J Nephrol. 2005;18:559-567.
48. Silveiro SP, Friedman R, de Azevedo MJ, Canani LH, Gross JL. Five-year prospective study of glomerular filtration rate and albumin excretion rate in normofiltering and hyperfiltering normoalbuminuric NIDDM patients. Diabetes Care. 1996;19:171-174.
49. Paivansalo MJ, Merikanto J, Savolainen MJ, et al. Effect of hypertension, diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors on kidney size in middle-aged adults. Clin Nephrol. 1998;50:161-168.
50. Black HR, Zeevi GR, Silten RM, Walker Smith GJ. Effect of heavy cigarette smoking on renal and myocardial arterioles. Nephron. 1983;34:485-500.
51. Oberai B, Adams CW, High OB. Myocardial and renal arteriolar thickening in cigarette smokers. Atherosclerosis. 1984;52:185-190.
52. Humphries DE, Lee SL, Fanburg BL, Silbert JE. Effects of hypoxia and hyperoxia on proteoglycan production by bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol. 1986;126:249-253.
53. Kashihara N, Watanabe Y, Makino H, Wallner EI, Kanvar Y. Selective decrease in de novo synthesis of glomerular proteoglycans under the influence of reactive oxygen species. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992;89:6309-6313.
54. Orth SR. Smoking: a renal risk factor. Nephron. 2000;86:12-26.
55. Esmatjes E, Flores L, Lario S, et al. Smoking increases serum levels of transforming growth factor-beta in diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. 1999;22:1915-1916.
56. Flores L, Vidal M, Abian J, et al. The effects of smoking and its cessation on 8-epi-PGF2α and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med. 2004;21:285-289.
57. Nicholl ID, Bucala R. Advanced glycation end-products and cigarette smoking. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-Grand). 1998;44:1025-1033.
58. Cerami C, Found H, Nicholl I, et al. Tobacco smoke is a source of toxic reactive glycation products. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997;94:13915-13920.
59. Zhang W-Z, Venardos K, Chin-Dusting J, Kaye DM. Adverse effects of cigarette smoke on NO bioavailability: role of arginine metabolism and oxidative stress. Hypertension. 2006;48:278-285.
60. Makita Z, Radoff S, Rayfield EJ, et al. Advanced glycosylation end products in patients with diabetic nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:836-842.
61. Vlassara H, Fuh H, Makita Z, Krungkrai S, Cerami A, Bucala R. Exogenous advanced glycosylation end products induce complex vascular dysfunction in normal animals: a model for diabetic and aging complications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992;89:12043-12047.
62. Nicholl ID, Stiff AW, Moore JE, Ritchie AJ, Archer DB, Bucala R. Increased levels of advanced glycation endproducts in the lenses and blood vessels of cigarette smokers. Mol Med. 1998;4:594-601.
63. Nakamura T, Kawagoe Y, Koide H. Effect of cigarette smoking on urinary podocyte excretion in early diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Care. 2003;26:1324-1325.
64. Liang KV, Greene EL, Oei LS, Lewin M, Lager D, Sethi S. Nodular glomerubosclerosis: renal lesions in chronic smokers mimic chronic thrombotic microangiopathy and hypertensive lesions. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;49:552-559.
65. Orth SR, Ritz E. The renal risks of smoking: an update. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2002;11:483-488.
66. Odoni G, Ogata H, Viedt C, Amann K, Ritz E, Orth SR. Cigarette smoke condensate aggravates renal injury in the renal ablation model. Kidney Int. 2002;61:2090-2098.
67. De Nicola L, Minutolo R, Gallo C, et al. Management of hypertension in chronic kidney disease: the Italian multicentric study. J Nephrol. 2005;18:397-404.
68. Amann K, Rump LC, Simonaviciene A, et al. Effects of low dose sympathetic inhibition on glomerulosclerosis and albuminuria in subtotally nephrectomized rats. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000; 11:1469-1478.
69. Halimi JM, Giraudeau B, Vol S, et al. Effects of current smoking and smoking discontinuation on renal function and proteinuria in the general population. Kidney Int. 2000;58:1285-1292.
70. Remuzzi G. Effect of cigarette smoking on renal function and vascular endothelium. Contrib Nephrol. 2000;130:45-52.
71. Church DF, Pryor WA. Free-radical chemistry of cigarette smoke and its toxicological implications. Environ Health Perspect. 1985;64:111-126.
72. Hayden MR, Whaley-Connell A, Sowers JR. Renal redox stress and remodeling in metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and diabetic nephropathy: paying homage to the podocyte. Am J Nephrol. 2005;25:553-569.
73. Jaimes EA, Tian RX, Raij L. Nicotine: the link between cigarette smoking and the progression of renal injury? Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007;292:H76-H82.
74. Reilly M, Delanty N, Lawson J, Fitzgerald G. Modulation of oxidant stress in vivo in chronic cigarette smokers. Circulation. 1996;94:19-25.
75. Giugliano D, Ceriello A, Paolisso G. Oxidative stress and diabetic vascular complications. Diabetes Care. 1996;19:257-267.
76. Baynes JW, Thorpe SR. Role of oxidative stress in diabetic complications: a new perspective on an old paradigm. Diabetes. 1999;48:1-9.
77. Sharma K, Ziyadeh F. Hyperglycemia and diabetic kidney disease: the case for transforming growth factor-β as a key mediator. Diabetes. 1995;44:1139-1146.
78. Sharma K, Ziyadeh F, Alzahabi B, et al. Increased renal production of transforming growth factor TGF-β1 in patients with Type II diabetes. Diabetes. 1997;46:854-859.
79. Hoffman BB, Sharma K, Ziyadeh FN. Potential role of TGF β1 in diabetic nephropathy. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1998;24:190-196.
80. Montero A, Munger K, Khan R, et al. F2 isoprostanes mediate high glucose-induced TGF-β synthesis and glomerular proteinuria in experimental Type 1 diabetes. Kidney Int. 2000;58:1963-1972.
81. Dickerson TJ, Janda KD. A previously undescribed chemical link between smoking and metabolic disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99:15084-15088.
82. Michaud SE, Dussault S, Haddad P, Groleau J, Rivard A. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells from healthy smokers exhibit impaired functional activities. Atherosclerosis. 2006;187:423-432.
83. Benjamin LE. Glucose, VEGF-A, and diabetic complications. Am J Pathol. 2001;158:1181-1184.
84. Michaud SE, Menard C, Guy LG, Gennaro G, Rivard A. Inhibition of hypoxia-induced angiogenesis by cigarette smoke exposure: impairment of the HIF-1alpha/VEGF pathway. FASEB J. 2003;17:1150-1152.
85. Jiang DJ, Jia SJ, Yan J, Zhou Z, Yuan Q, Li YJ. Involvement of DDAH/ADMA/ NOS pathway in nicotine-induced endothelial dysfunction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006;349:683-693.
86. Boger RH. Association of asymmetric dimethylarginine and endothehial dysfunction. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003;41:1467-1472.
87. Suschek CV, Schnorr O, Hemmrich K, et al. Critical role of L-arginine in endothehial cell survival during oxidative stress. Circulation. 2003;107:2607-2614.
88. Agarwal R. Smoking, oxidative stress and inflammation-impact on resting energy expenditure in diabetic nephropathy. BMC Nephrol. 2005;6:13.
89. Santini SA, Marra G, Giardina B, et al. Defective plasma antioxidant defenses and enhanced susceptibility to lipid peroxidation in uncomplicated IDDM. Diabetes. 1997;46:1853-1858.
90. Practicò D. F2-isoprostanes: sensitive and specific non-invasive indices of lipid peroxidation in vivo. Atherosclerosis. 1999;147:1-10.
91. Morrow JD, Frei B, Longmire AW, et al. Increase in circulating products of lipid peroxidation (F2-isoprostanes) in smokers: smoking as a cause of oxidative damage. N Engl J Med. 1995;332:1198-1203.
92. Roberts LJ, Morrow JD. Measurement of F2-isoprostanes as an index of oxidative stress in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med. 2000;28:505-513.
93. Hayden MR, Tyagi SC. Intimal redox stress: accelerated atherosclerosis in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atheroscleropathy. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2002;1:3.
94. Wolf G. New insights into the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy: from haemodynamics to molecular pathology. Eur J Clin Invest. 2004;34:785-796.
95. El-Nahas AM. Plasticity of kidney cells: role in kidney remodeling and scarring. Kidney Int. 2003;64:1553-1563.
96. Sagrinati C, Netti GS, Mazzinghi B, et al. Isolation and characterization of multipotent progenitor cells from the Bowman's capsule of adult human kidneys. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17:2443-2456.
97. Perna A, Iordache BE, Bettinaglio P, et al. ACE genotype and smoking cluster with high-normal albuminuria: a cross sectional analysis in 1209 normo-albuminuric type 2 diabetics enrolled in the BErgamo NEphrologic DIabetes Complications Trial (BENEDICT). J Am Soc Nephrol. 2001;12:154A.
98. Pinto-Sietsma SJ, Mulder J, Janssen WM, Hillege HL, de Zeeuw D, de Jong PE. Smoking is related to albuminuria and abnormal renal function in nondiabetic persons. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:585-591.
99. Gambaro G, Verlato F, Budakovic A, et al. Renal impairment in chronic cigarette smokers. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9:562-567.
100. Orth SR, Hallan SI. Smoking: a risk factor for progression of chronic kidney disease and for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in renal patients - absence of evidence or evidence of absence? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:226-236.
101. Klein R, Moss SE, Klein BE, DeMets DL. Relation of ocular and systemic factors to survival in diabetes. Arch Intern Med. 1989;149:266-272.
102. Moy CS, LaPorte RE, Dorman JS, et al. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus mortality: the risk of cigarette smoking. Circulation. 1990;82:37-43.
103. Culleton BF, Wilson PW. Cardiovascular disease: risk factors, secular trends, and therapeutic guidelines. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9:S5-S15.
104. Biesenbach G, Zazgornik J. Influence of smoking on the survival rate of diabetic patients requiring hemodialysis. Diabetes Care. 1996;19:625-628.
105. Kondo T, Hayashi M, Takeshita K, et al. Smoking cessation rapidly increases circulating progenitor cells in peripheral blood in chronic smokers. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004;24:1442-1447.
106. Kanjilal S, Gregg EW, Cheng YJ, et al. Socioeconomic status and trends in disparities in 4 major risk factors for cardiovascular disease among US adults, 1971-2002. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:2348-2355.