Age influences the severity of Grave's ophthalmopathy

Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences

Volumn 24, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 283-288

  Lin, Muh Chiou ^a   Hsu, Feng Ming ^a   Bee, Youn Shen ^a   Ger, Luo Ping ^a  

^a KAOHSIUNG VETERANS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Age; Gender; Grave's ophthalmopathy; TSH receptor antibody (TRAb)

Indexed keywords

THYROTROPIN RECEPTOR ANTIBODY;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANTIBODY TITER; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORNEA ULCER; DIPLOPIA; DISEASE SEVERITY; ENDOCRINE OPHTHALMOPATHY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GLAUCOMA; HUMAN; LAGOPHTHALMOS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; OPTIC NERVE DISEASE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SCORING SYSTEM;

EID: 50049118258     PISSN: 1607551X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1607-551X(08)70154-2     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Jacobson DH, Gorman CA. Endocrine ophthalmopathy: current ideas concerning etiology pathogenesis and treatment. Endocr Rev 1984;5:200-20.
2. Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Bogazzi F, et al. Studies on the occurrence of ophthalmopathy in Graves' disease. Acta Endocrinol 1989;120:473-8.
3. Wartofsky L. Classification of eye changes of Graves' disease. Thyroid 1992;2:235-6.
4. Mourits MP, Koornneef L, Wiersinga WM, et al. Clinical criteria for the assessment of disease activity in Graves' ophthalmopathy: a novel approach. Br J Ophthalmol 1989;73:639-44.
5. Kendall-Taylor P, Stephenson A, Stratton A, et al. Differentiation of autoimmune ophthalmopathy from Graves' hyperthyroidism by genetic markers. Clin Endocrinol 1988;28:601-10.
6. Perros P, Crombie AL, Matthew JN, et al. Age and gender influence the severity of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: a study of 101 patients attending a combined thyroid-eye clinic. Clin Endocrinol 1993;38: 367-72.
7. Young LA. Dysthyroid ophthalmopathy in children. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1979;16:105-7.
8. Trobe JD, Glaser JS, Laflamme P. Dysthyroid optic neuropathy. Clinical profile and rationale for management. Arch Ophthalmol 1978;96:1199-209.
9. Davis TF. Graves' disease. Pathogenesis. In: Werner SC, Ingbar SH, Braverman LE, et al, eds. Werner & Ingbar's The Thyroid, 8th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins 2000:518.
10. Davies TF. The thyrotropin receptors spread themselves around. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;79:1234-8.
11. Stadlmayr W, Spitzweg C, Bichlmair AM, et al. TSH receptor transcripts and TSH receptor-like immunore-activity in orbital and pretibial fibroblasts of patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy and pretibial myxedema. Thyroid 1997;7:3-12.
12. Spitzweg C, Joba W, Hunt N, et al. Analysis of human thyrotropin receptor gene expression and immunoreactivity in human orbital tissue. Eur J Endocrinol 1997;136:599-607.
13. Marino M, Lisi S, Pinchera A, et al. Identification of thyroglobulin in orbital tissues of patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Thyroid 2001;1:165-6.
14. Adams DD, Purves HD. Abnormal responses in the assay of thyrotrophin. Proc Univ Otago Med Sch 1956; 34:11-2.
15. Prummel MF, Wiersinga WM. Smoking and risk of Graves' disease. JAMA 1993;269:479-82.
16. Vestergaard P. Smoking and thyroid disorders - a meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2002;146:153-61.
17. Kimball LE, Kulinskaya E, Brown B, et al. Does smoking increase relapse rates in Graves' disease? J Endocrinol Invest 2002;25:152-7.
18. Hegedius L, Brix TH, Vestergaard P. Relationship between cigarette smoking and Graves' ophthalmopathy. J Endocrinol Invest 2004;27:265-71.
19. Chen YL, Chang TC, Chen CJ. Influence of smoking on Graves' disease with or without ophthalmopathy and nontoxic nodular goiter in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 1994;93:40-4.
20. Karadimas P, Bouzas EA, Mastorakos G. Advice against smoking is not effective in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. Acta Med Austriaca 2003;30:59-60.
21. Wiersinga WM. Management of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 2007;3:396-404.