Does the surgical apgar score measure intraoperative performance?

Annals of Surgery

Volumn 248, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 320-328

  Regenbogen, Scott E ^a,b,c   Lancaster, R Todd ^a,b   Lipsitz, Stuart R ^c   Greenberg, Caprice C ^c   Hutter, Matthew M ^b   Gawande, Atul A ^a,c  

^a HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; APGAR SCORE; ARTICLE; BLEEDING; BLOOD PRESSURE; COMORBIDITY; FEMALE; GENERAL SURGERY; HEART RATE; HUMAN; INTRAOPERATIVE PERIOD; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OPERATING ROOM; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; PREDICTIVE VALIDITY; PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SURGICAL PATIENT; SURGICAL RISK; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; VASCULAR SURGERY; BODY TEMPERATURE; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; EVALUATION; HEALTH SURVEY; HEMODYNAMICS; HYPOTENSION; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; PEROPERATIVE CARE; PEROPERATIVE COMPLICATION; PREDICTION AND FORECASTING; PREOPERATIVE CARE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SURGERY; SURVIVAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADULT; APGAR SCORE; BLOOD LOSS, SURGICAL; BODY TEMPERATURE; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; EVALUATION STUDIES AS TOPIC; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS INDICATORS; HEART RATE; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMANS; HYPOTENSION; INTRAOPERATIVE CARE; INTRAOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; ODDS RATIO; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PREOPERATIVE CARE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SURGICAL PROCEDURES, OPERATIVE; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 49849103262     PISSN: 00034932     EISSN: 15281140     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e318181c6b1     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Vincent C, Moorthy K, Sarker SK, et al. Systems approaches to surgical quality and safety: from concept to measurement. Ann Surg. 2004;239: 475-482.
2. Fink AS, Campbell DA Jr. Mentzer RM Jr. et al. The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program in non-veterans administration hospitals: initial demonstration of feasibility. Ann Surg. 2002;236:344-353, discussion 353-354.
3. Khuri SF, Daley J, Henderson W, et al. The National Veterans Administration Surgical Risk Study: risk adjustment for the comparative assessment of the quality of surgical care. J Am Coll Surg. 1995;180: 519-531.
4. Khuri SF, Daley J, Henderson W, et al. Risk adjustment of the postoperative mortality rate for the comparative assessment of the quality of surgical care: results of the National Veterans Affairs Surgical Risk Study. J Am Coll Surg. 1997;185:315-327.
5. Hartley MN, Sagar PM. The surgeon's 'gut feeling' as a predictor of post-operative outcome. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1994;76(6 Suppl):277-278.
6. Mauney FM Jr. Ebert PA, Sabiston DC Jr. Postoperative myocardial infarction: a study of predisposing factors, diagnosis and mortality in a high risk group of surgical patients. Ann Surg. 1970;172:497-503.
7. Plumlee JE, Boettner RB. Myocardial infarction during and following anesthesia and operation. South Med J. 1972;65:886-889.
8. Steen PA, Tinker JH, Tarhan S. Myocardial reinfarction after anesthesia and surgery. JAMA. 1978;239:2566-2570.
9. Goldman L, Caldera DL. Risks of general anesthesia and elective operation in the hypertensive patient. Anesthesiology. 1979;50:285-292.
10. von Knorring J. Postoperative myocardial infarction: a prospective study in a risk group of surgical patients. Surgery. 1981;90:55-60.
11. Lieberman RW, Orkin FK, Jobes DR, et al. Hemodynamic predictors of myocardial ischemia during halothane anesthesia for coronary-artery revascularization. Anesthesiology. 1983;59:36-41.
12. Rao TL, Jacobs KH, El-Etr AA. Reinfarction following anesthesia in patients with myocardial infarction. Anesthesiology. 1983;59:499-505.
13. Kotter GS, Kotrly KJ, Kalbfleisch JH, et al. Myocardial ischemia during cardiovascular surgery as detected by an ST segment trend monitoring system. J Cardiothorac Anesth. 1987;1:190-199.
14. Knight AA, Hollenberg M, London MJ, et al. Perioperative myocardial ischemia: importance of the preoperative ischemic pattern. Anesthesiol-ogy. 1988;68:681-688.
15. Charlson ME, MacKenzie CR, Gold JP, et al. The preoperative and intraoperative hemodynamic predictors of postoperative myocardial infarction or ischemia in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Ann Surg. 1989;210:637-648.
16. Charlson ME, MacKenzie CR, Gold JP, et al. Postoperative renal dysfunction can be predicted. SurgGynecol Obstet. 1989;169:303-309.
17. Charlson ME, MacKenzie CR, Gold JP, et al. Intraoperative blood pressure. What patterns identify patients at risk for postoperative complications? Ann Surg. 1990;212:567-580.
18. Charlson ME, MacKenzie CR, Gold JP, et al. Preoperative characteristics predicting intraoperative hypotension and hypertension among hypertensives and diabetics undergoing noncardiac surgery. Ann Surg. 1990;212:66-81.
19. Ashton CM, Petersen NJ, Wray NP, et al. The incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction in men undergoing noncardiac surgery. Ann InternMed. 1993;118:504-510.
20. Reich DL, Bodian CA, Krol M, et al. Intraoperative hemodynamic predictors of mortality, stroke, and myocardial infarction after coronary artery bypass surgery. Anesth Analg. 1999;89:814-822.
21. Barone JE, Bull MB, Cussatti EH, et al. Perioperative myocardial infarction in low-risk patients undergoing noncardiac surgery is associated with intraoperative hypotension. J Intensive Care Med. 2002;17: 250-255.
22. Rohrig R, Junger A, Hartmann B, et al. The incidence and prediction of automatically detected intraoperative cardiovascular events in noncar- diac surgery. Anesth Analg. 2004;98:569-577.
23. Monk TG, Saini V, Weldon BC, et al. Anesthetic management and one-year mortality after noncardiac surgery. Anesth Analg. 2005;100:4 -10.
24. Reich DL, Bennett-Guerrero E, Bodian CA, et al. Intraoperative tachycardia and hypertension are independently associated with adverse outcome in noncardiac surgery of long duration. Anesth Analg. 2002; 95:273-277.
25. Kurz A, Sessler DI, Lenhardt R. Perioperative normothermia to reduce the incidence of surgical-wound infection and shorten hospitalization. Study of Wound Infection and Temperature Group. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1209-1215.
26. Frank SM, Fleisher LA, Breslow MJ, et al. Perioperative maintenance of normothermia reduces the incidence of morbid cardiac events. A randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 1997;277:1127-1134.
27. Bock M, Muller J, Bach A, et al. Effects of preinduction and intraop- erative warming during major laparotomy. Br J Anaesth. 1998;80:159 -163.
28. Coriat P, Harari A, Daloz M, et al. Clinical predictors of intraoper- ative myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1982;26:287-290.
29. Fillinger MP, Surgenor SD, Hartman GS, et al. The association between heart rate and in-hospital mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Anesth Analg. 2002;95:1483-1488.
30. Hartmann B, Junger A, Rohrig R, et al. Intra-operative tachycardia and peri-operative outcome. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2003;388:255-260.
31. Gatch WD, Little WD. Amount of blood lost during some of the more common operations. JAMA. 1924;83:1075-1076.
32. Copeland GP, Jones D, Walters M. POSSUM: a scoring system for surgical audit. Br J Surg. 1991;78:355-360.
33. Wolters U, Wolf T, Stutzer H, et al. ASA classification and perioperative variables as predictors of postoperative outcome. Br J Anaesth. 1996; 77:217-222.
34. Pasternak LR. Risk assessment in ambulatory surgery: challenges and new trends. Canad J Anesthes. 2004;51:R1-R5.
35. Wolters U, Mannheim S, Wassmer G, et al. What is the value of available risk-scores in predicting postoperative complications after aorto-iliac surgery? A prospective non randomized study. JCardiovasc Surg (Torino). 2006;47:177-185.
36. Pasternak LR. Preanesthesia evaluation of the surgical patient. ASA Refresher Course. 1996;24:205-219.
37. Sutton R, Bann S, Brooks M, et al. The Surgical Risk Scale as an improved tool for risk-adjusted analysis in comparative surgical audit. Br JSurg. 2002;89:763-768.
38. Aust JB, Henderson W, Khuri S, et al. The impact of operative complexity on patient risk factors. Ann Surg. 2005;241:1024-1027, discussion 1027-1028.
39. Greenberg CC, Roth EM, Sheridan TB, et al. Making the operating room of the future safer. Am Surg. 2006;72:1102-1108, discussion 1126-1148.
40. Gawande AA, Kwaan MR, Regenbogen SE, et al. An Apgar Score for Surgery. J Am Coll Surg. 2007;204:201-208.
41. Apgar V. A proposal for a new method of evaluation of the newborn infant. Curr Res Anesth Analg. 1953;32:260-267.
42. Apgar V, Holaday DA, James LS, et al. Evaluation of the newborn infant; second report. J Am Med Assoc. 1958;168:1985-1988.
43. Casey BM, McIntire DD, Leveno KJ. The continuing value ofthe Apgar score for the assessment of newborn infants. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:467-471.
44. Finster M, Wood M. The Apgar score has survived the test of time. Anesthesiology. 2005;102:855-857.
45. Bann SD, Sarin S. Comparative audit: the trouble with POSSUM. J R Soc Med. 2001;94:632-634.
46. ACS NSQIP Advisory Committee. Semi-annual report. 2006. https:// acsnsqip.org/main/resources-semi-annual-report.pdf. Accessed: November 8, 2006.
47. Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA. Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg. 2004;240:205-213.
48. Cochran WG. The effectiveness of adjustment by subclassification in removing bias in observational studies. Biometrics. 1968;24:295-313.
49. Reich DL, Wood RK Jr. , Mattar R, et al. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate discrepancies between handwritten and computerized anesthesia records. Anesth Analg. 2000;91:612-616.
50. Fleiss JL, Cohen J. The equivalence of weighted kappa and the intraclass correlation coefficient as measures of reliability. Educ Psychol Meas. 1973;33:613-619.
51. Armitage P. Test for linear trends in proportions and frequencies. Biometrics. 1955;11:375-386.
52. Hanley JA, McNeil BJ. The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology. 1982;143:29-36.
53. Hanley JA, McNeil BJ. A method of comparing the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves derived from the same cases. Radiology. 1983;148:839-843.
54. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S. Applied Logistic Regression. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 2000.
55. Natarajan S, Lipsitz SR, Rimm E. A simple method of determining confidence intervals for population attributable risk from complex surveys. Stat Med. 2007;26:3229-3239.
56. Brenner H, Blettner M. Controlling for continuous confounders in epidemiologic research. Epidemiology. 1997;8:429-434.
57. Rubin DB, Thomas N. Matching using estimated propensity scores: relating theory to practice. Biometrics. 1996;52:249-264.
58. Gawande AA, Thomas EJ, Zinner MJ, et al. The incidence and nature of surgical adverse events in Colorado and Utah in 1992. Surgery. 1999; 126:66 -75.
59. Gawande AA, Zinner MJ, Studdert DM, et al. Analysis oferrors reported by surgeons at three teaching hospitals. Surgery. 2003;133:614-621.
60. Rogers SO Jr, Gawande AA, Kwaan M, et al. Analysis of surgical errors in closed malpractice claims at 4 liability insurers. Surgery. 2006;140: 25-33.
61. Jones HJ, de Cossart L. Risk scoring in surgical patients. Br J Surg. 1999;86:149 -157.
62. Markus PM, Martell J, Leister I, et al. Predicting postoperative morbidity by clinical assessment. Br JSurg. 2005;92:101-106.