Fault structures in the Helsinki area, southern Finland

Special Paper of the Geological Survey of Finland

Volumn 2008, Issue 47, 2008, Pages 185-213

  Elminen, Tuija ^a   Airo, Meri Liisa ^a   Niemelä, Reijo ^a   Pajunen, Matti ^a   Vaarma, Markus ^a   Wasenius, Pekka ^a   Wennerström, Marit ^a  

^a GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF FINLAND   (Finland)

Author keywords

Classification; Espoo; Fault zones; Faults; Finland; Helsinki; Mineralogy; Paleoproterozoic; Reactivaton; Structural geology; Ultrastructure; Urban environment; Vantaa

Indexed keywords

BEDROCK; BRITTLE DEFORMATION; CRUSTAL MOVEMENT; DUCTILE DEFORMATION; EMPLACEMENT; FAULT ZONE; KINEMATICS; MINERALOGY; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY; SVECOFENNIAN OROGENY; THRUST FAULT;

ETELA SUOMEN; EURASIA; EUROPE; FINLAND; HELSINKI; NORTHERN EUROPE; SCANDINAVIA;

EID: 49549124977     PISSN: 07828535     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Aarnisalo, J. 1978. Use of satellite pictures for determining major shield fractures relevant for ore prospecting, northern Finland. Geologinen tutkimuslaitos, Tutkimusraportti 21. 59 p. + 4 map pls.
2. Airo, M.-L., Elminen, T., Mertanen, S., Niemelä, R., Pajunen, M., Wasenius, P. & Wennerström, M. 2008. Aerogeophysical approach to ductile and brittle structures in the densely populated urban Helsinki area, southern Finland. In: Pajunen, M. (ed.) Tectonic evolution of the Svecofennian crust in southern Finland - a basis for characterizing bedrock technical properties. Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 47, 283-308.
3. Anderson, E. M. 1942. The Dynamics of faulting and dyke formation with applications to Britain. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd. 183 p.
4. Gardemeister, R., Johansson, S., Korhonen, P., Patrikainen, P., Tuisku, T. & Vähäsarja, P. 1976. Rakennusgeologisen kallioluokituksen soveltaminen. Tiedonanto/Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus, Geotekniikan laboratorio 25. 39 p.
5. Heeremans, M., Stel, P., van der Beek, P. & Lankreijer, A. 1996. Tectono-magmatic control on vertical dip slip basement faulting: An example from the Fennoscandian Shield. Terra Nova 8, 129-140.
6. Heeremans, M. & Wijbrans, J. 1999. Late Proterozoic tectonic events in southern Finland, constrained by (super 40) Ar/(super 39) Ar incremental heating and single spot fusion experiments on K-feldspars. Terra Nova 11, 216-222.
7. Härme, M. 1961. On the Fault Lines of Finland. Bulletin de la commission géologique de Finlande 196, 437-444.
8. Härme, M. 1969. Kerava. Geological map of Finland 1:100 000, Pre-Quaternary Rocks, Sheet 2043. Geological Survey of Finland.
9. Koistinen, T. (ed.) 1994. Precambrian basement of Gulf of the Finland and surrounding area 1:1 000 000. Geological Survey of Finland, Special maps 31.
10. Korsman, K. (ed.), Koistinen, T. (ed.), Kohonen, J. (ed.), Wennerström, M. (ed.), Ekdahl, E. (ed.), Honkamo, M. (ed.), Idman, H. (ed.) & Pekkala, Y. (ed.) 1997. Bedrock map of Finland 1:1 000 000. Geological Survey of Finland.
11. Korsman, K., Korja, T., Pajunen, M. & Virransalo, P. 1999. The GGT/SVEKA transect: structure and evolution of the continental crust in the Paleoproterozoic Svecofennian orogen in Finland. International Geology Review 41, 287-333.
12. Kosunen, P. 1999. The rapakivi granite plutons of Bodom and Obbnäs, southern Finland: petrography and geochemistry. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland 71, 275-304.
13. Kosunen, P. 2004. Petrogenesis of mid-Proterozoic A-type granites: Case studies from Fennoscandia (Fin-land) and Laurentia (New Mexico). PhD thesis, University of Helsinki, Department of Geology. 21 p.
14. Lahtinen, R., Korja, A. & Nironen, M. 2005. Paleoproterozoic tectonic evolution. In: Lehtinen, M., Nurmi, P. & Rämö, O. T (eds.) Precambrian Geology of Finland - Key to the Evolution of the Fennoscandian Shield. Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V., 481-532.
15. Laitakari, I. & Simonen, A. 1963. Pre-Quatemary Rocks of the Lapinjärvi Map-Sheet area. Geological Map of Finland 1:100 000, Explanation to the Map of Pre-Quaternary Rocks, Sheet 3022. Geologinen tutkimuslaitos. 48 p.
16. Laitakari, I., Rämö, O. T., Suominen, V., Niin, M., Stepanov, K. & Amantov, A. 1996. Subjotnian: rapakivi granites and related rocks in the surroundings of the Gulf of Finland. In: Koistinen, T. J. (ed.) Explanation to the map of Precambrian basement of the Gulf of Finland and surrounding area 1:1 mill. Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 21, 59-97.
17. Laitala, M. 1960. Siuntio. Geological map of Finland 1:100 000, Pre-Quaternary Rocks, Sheet 2032. Geological Survey of Finland.
18. Laitala, M. 1967. Helsinki. Geological map of Finland 1:100 000, Pre-Quaternary Rocks, Sheet 2034. Geological Survey of Finland.
19. Laitala, M. 1994. Lohja. Geological map of Finland 1:100 000, Pre-Quatemary Rocks, Sheet 2041. Geological Survey of Finland.
20. Lindberg, B. & Bergman, L. 1993. Vehmaan karttaalueen kallioperä. Summary: Pre-Quaternary Rocks of the Vehmaa Map-Sheet area. Geological Map of Finland 1:100 000, Explanation to the Maps of Pre-Quaternary Rocks, Sheet 1042. Geological Survey of Finland. 56 p. + 4 app
21. Mertanen, S., Airo, M.-L., Elminen, T., Niemelä, R., Pajunen, M., Wasenius, P. & Wennerström, M. 2008. Palcomagnetic evidence for Mesoproterozoic - Paleozoic reactivation of the Paleoproterozoic crust in southern Finland. In: Pajunen, M. (ed.) Tectonic evolution of the Svecofennian crust in southern Finland - a basis for characterizing bedrock technical properties. Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 47, 215-252.
22. Pajunen, M. 1986. Deformation analysis of cataclastic structures and faults in the Tervo area, central Finland. In: Korsman, K. (ed.) Development of deformation, metamorphism and metamorphic blocks in eastern and southern Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 339, 16-31.
23. Pajunen, M., Airo, M.-L., Wennerström, M., Niemelä, R. & Wasenius, P. 2001. Preliminary report: the "Shear zone research and rock engineering" project, Pori area, south-western Finland. In: Autio, S. (ed.) Geological Survey of Finland, Current Research 1999-2000. Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 31, 7-16.
24. Pajunen, M., Airo, M.-L., Elminen, T., Niemelä, R., Salmelainen, J., Vaarma, M., Wasenius, P. & Wennerström, M. 2002a. Kallioperän rakennettavuusmalli taajamiin. Raportti I. Menetelmäkehitys ja ohjeistus. Geological Survey of Finland, unpublished report K 21.42/2002/5. 95 p., 8 app. pages.
25. Pajunen, M., Airo, M.-L., Elminen, T., Niemelä, R., Salmelainen, J., Vaarma, M., Wasenius, P. & Wennerström, M. 2002b.The Construction Potential of Bedrock 1:50 000 Espoo, Helsinki, Vantaa. Geological Survey of Finland, unpublished map K.21.42/2002/7.
26. Pajunen, M., Airo, M.-L., Elminen, T., Mänttäri, I., Niemelä, R., Vaarma, M., Wasenius, P. & Wennerström, M. 2008. Tectonic evolution of the Svecofennian crust in southern Finland. In: Pajunen, M. (ed.) Tectonic evolution of the Svecofennian crust in southern Finland - a basis for characterizing bedrock technical properties. Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 47, 15-160.
27. Parkkinen, J. 1975. Deformation analysis of a Precambrian mafic intrusive, Haukivesi area, Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 278. 61 p.
28. Passchier, C. & Trow, R. 1996. Microtectonics. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 289 p.
29. Pietikäinen, K. J. 1994. The geology of the Paleoproterozoic Pori shear zone, southwestern Finland, with special reference to the evolution of veined gneisses from tonalitic protoliths. Dissertation, Michigan Technological University, 1994. U.S.A.
30. Ploegsma, M. 1991. A pilot Rb-Sr dating of the Suomusjärvi ultramylonite: evidence for major Post-Svecofennian deformation in SW Finland. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland 63 (1), 3-13.
31. Ploegsma, M. & Westra, L. 1990. The early Proterozoic Orijdrvi Triangle (Southwest Finland); a key area on the tectonic evolution of the Svecofennides . Precambrian Research 47:1-2, 51-69.
32. Puura, V., Amantov, A., Tikhomirov, S. & Laitakari, I. 1996. Latest events affecting the Precambrian basement, Gulf of Finland and surrounding areas. In: Koistinen, T. (ed.) Explanation to the Map of Precambrian basement of the Gulf of Finland and surrounding area 1:1 million. Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 21, 115-125.
33. Reches, Z. 1983. Faulting of rocks in three-dimensional strain fields; II, Theoretical analysis. Tectonophysics, vol. 95, no. 1-2, 133-156.
34. Rämö, O. T. 1991. Petrogenesis of the Proterozoic rapakivi granites and related basic rocks of southeastern Fennoscandia: Nd and Ph isotopic and general geochemical constraints. Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 355. 161 p. + 1 app. map.
35. Sederhohn, J. 1910. Murrosviivat Fennoskandiassa teoksessa Suomen kartasto. Suomen Maantieteellinen seura. Fracture lines in Fennoscandia in Atlas of Finland. Geographical Society of Finland.
36. Suominen, V. 1991. The chronostratigraphy of southwestern Finland with special reference to Postjotnian and Subjotnian diabases. Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 356. 100 p. + 5 app.
37. Talvitie, J. 1971. Seismotectonics of the Kuopio region, Finland. Bulletin de la Commission Géologique de Finlande 248. 41 p. + 1 app.
38. Vaasjoki, M. & Sakko, M. 1989. The radiometric age of the Virmaila diabase dyke: evidence for 20 Ma of continental rifting in Padasjoki, southern Finland. In:Autio, S. (ed.) Geological Survey of Finland. Current Research 1988. Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 10, 43-44.
39. Vaasjoki, M., Rämö, O. T. & Sakko, M. 1991. New U-Pb ages from the Wiborg rapakivi area: constraints on the temporal evolution of the rapakivi granite-anorthosite-diabase dyke association of southeastern Finland. In: Haapala, I. & Condie, K. C. (eds.) Precambrian granitoids: petrogenesis, geochemistry and metallogeny: symposium on Precambrian granitoids, Helsinki, Finland, August 14-17, 1989. Precambrian Research 51 (1-4), 227-243.
40. Waldron, J. 2004. Extensional fault arrays in strike-slip and transtension. Journal of Structural Geology 27, 23-34.
41. Wennerström, M., Airo, M.-L., Elminen, T., Niemelä, R., Pajunen, M, Vaarma, M. & Wasenius, P. 2008. Orientation and properties of jointing in Helsinki area, southern Finland. In: Pajunen, M. (ed.) Tectonic evolution of the Svecofennian crust in southern Finland - a basis for characterizing bedrock technical properties. Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 47, 253-282.