Important but neglected ethical and cultural considerations in the fight against HIV/AIDS in Malawi

Nursing Ethics

Volumn 11, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 479-488

  Muula, Adamson S ^a   Mfutso Bengo, Joseph M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MALAWI   (Malawi)

Author keywords

Culture; Ethical issues; Global Fund; HIV AIDS; Malawi; Southern Africa

Indexed keywords

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; CULTURAL FACTOR; ETHICS; ETHNOLOGY; HEALTH CARE AND PUBLIC HEALTH; HEALTH EDUCATION; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; MALAWI; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; REVIEW; SEXUAL EDUCATION;

HEALTH CARE AND PUBLIC HEALTH;

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS; HEALTH EDUCATION; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; MALAWI; PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICES; PRIMARY PREVENTION; SEX EDUCATION;

EID: 4944237844     PISSN: 09697330     EISSN: 14770989     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1191/0969733004ne726oa     Document Type: Review

References (27)

1. Weiser S, Wolfe W, Bangsberg D et al. Barriers to antiretroviral adherence for patients living with HIV infection and AIDS in Botswana. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003; 34: 281-88.
2. Kumar S. India has the largest number of people infected with HIV [News]. Lancet 1999; 353: 48.
3. Mbizvo MT, Mashu A, Chipato T, Makura E, Bopoto R, Fottrell PR Trends in HIV-1 and HIV-2 prevalence and risk factors in pregnant women in Harare, Zimbabwe. Cent Afr J Med 1996; 42: 14-21.
4. Verhoeff FH, Brabin BJ, Hart CA, Chimsuku L, Kazembe P, Broadhead RL. Increased prevalence of malaria in HIV-infected pregnant women and its implications for malaria control. Trop Med Int Health 1999; 4: 5-12.
5. Sinka K, Mortimer J, Evans B, Morgan D. Impact of the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa on the pattern of HIV in the UK. AIDS 2003; 17: 1683-90.
6. Beauchamp TL. Methods and principles in biomedical ethics. J Med Ethics 2003; 29: 269-74.
7. Mathys R. Self stigma and HIV/AIDS. 2003. Retrieved 5 February, 2004 from: http://archives.healthdev/pwha-net/msg00471.html
8. Woods WJ, Dilley JW, Lihatsh T, Sabatino J, Adler B, Rinaldi J. Name-based reporting of HIV-positive test results as a deterrent to testing. Am J Public Health 1999; 89: 1097-100.
9. Sweat M, Gregorich S, Sangiwa G et al. Cost-effectiveness of voluntary HIV-1 counselling and testing in reducing sexual transmission of HIV-1 in Kenya and Tanzania. Lancet 2000; 356: 113-21.
10. Van de Perre P. HIV voluntary counselling and testing in community health services. Lancet 2000; 356: 86-87.
11. Fehrs LJ, Fleming D, Foster LR et al. Trial of anonymous versus confidential human immunodeficiency virus testing. Lancet 1988; ii: 379-82.
12. Muula A, Tadesse E. Knowledge and attitudes towards prevention of mother to child transmission among women attending antenatal clinics in Blantyre, Malawi. Blantyre, Malawi: College of Medicine, 2003.
13. Lie GT, Biswalo PM. HIV-positive patients' choice of a significant other to be informed about the HIV-test result: findings from an HIV/AIDS counselling programme in the regional hospitals of Arusha and Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. AIDS Care 1996; 8: 285-96.
14. Maman S, Mbwambo J, Hogan NM, Kilonzo GP, Sweat M. Women's barriers to HIV-1 testing and disclosure: challenges for HIV-1 voluntary counselling and testing. AIDS Care 2001; 13: 595-603.
15. Demographic and Health Survey 2000. National Statistical Office, Zomba, Malawi, and Opinion Research Corporation Macro, Calverton, Maryland, USA.
16. Fetters MD. The family in medical decision making: Japanese perspectives. J Clin Ethics 1998; 9: 132-46.
17. Hesketh T, Huang XM, Wang ZB, Xing ZW, Cubitt DW, Tomkins AM. Using the premarital examination for population-based surveillance for HIV in China: a pilot study. AIDS 2003; 17: 1574-76.
18. Sadler BP. When rape victims' rights meet privacy rights: mandatory HIV testing, striking the fourth amendment balance. Washington Law Rev 1992; 67: 195-213.
19. Blender AN. Testing the Fourth Amendment for infection: mandatory AIDS and HIV testing of criminal defendants at the request of a victim of sexual assault. Seton Hall Legis J 1997; 21: 467-501.
20. Ackermann L, de Klerk GW. When ideal and real culture clash - trust, infidelity and condom use. Curationis 2003; 26: 40-43.
21. Shreedhar J. HIV thrives in ancient traditions. Harvard AIDS Rev 1995; (Fall): 10-11.
22. Keen J, Oliver P, Rowse G, Mathers N. Does methadone maintenance treatment based on the new national guidelines work in a primary care setting? Br J Gen Pract 2003; 53: 461-67.
23. Wong KH, Lee SS, Lim WL, Low HK. Adherence to methadone is associated with a lower level of HIV-related risk behaviors in drug users. J Subst Abuse Treat 2003; 24: 233-39.
24. Brody S, Potterat JJ. Assessing the role of anal intercourse in the epidemiology of AIDS in Africa. Int J STD AIDS 2003; 14: 431-36.
25. Hatcher RA, Hughes MS. The truth about condoms. SIECUS Rep 1988; 17(2): 1-8.
26. Porche DJ. Condom effectiveness. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 1998; 9(3): 91-94.
27. Poore P. The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM). Health Policy Plan 2004; 19: 52-53.