Unspeakable violence: The UN truth commissions in El Salvador and Guatemala

Reconciliation, Nations and Churches in Latin America

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 57-84

  Tombs, David ^a  

^a TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 49249119633     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (57)

1. Judith L. Herman, Trauma and Recovery: From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror (London: Pandora, rev ed 2001), 1.
2. Priscilla Hayner, Unspeakable Truths: Confronting State Terror and Atrocity (New York and London: Routledge, 2000)
3. Hayner, Unspeakable Truths, 78-79.
4. David Tombs, 'Crucifixion, State Terror and Sexual Abuse', Union Seminary Quarterly Review 53 (Autumn 1999), 89-108.
5. M. McClintock, The American Connection: State Terror and Popular Resistance in El Salvador (London: Zed Books, 1985)
6. Tommie Sue Montgomery, Revolution in El Salvador: From Civil Strife to Civil Peace (Boulder, CO and Oxford: Westview Press, 2nd edn. 1995)
7. Hugh Byrne, El Salvador's Civil War: A Study of Revolution (Boulder, CO and London: Lynne Rienner, 1996)
8. William Stanley, The Protection Racket State: Elite Politics, Military Extortion, and Civil War in El Salvador (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1996).
9. Robert M. Carmack (ed.), Harvest of Violence: The Maya Indians and the Guatemalan Crisis (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1988)
10. Ricardo Falla, Massacres in the Jungle (Boulder, CO and Oxford: Westview Press, 1995)
11. Susanne Jonas, The Battle for Guatemala: Rebels, Death Squads, and U.S. Power (Boulder, CO and London: Westview Press, 1996).
12. Cynthia J Arnson, Crossroads: Congress, the President and Central America, 1976-93 (University Park, PA Penn State Press, 2nd edn. 1993), 218-64
13. Thomas Carothers, In the Name of Democracy: U.S. Policy Toward Latin America in the Reagan Years (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991)
14. Teresa Whitfield, Paying the Price: Ignacio Ellacuría and the Murdered Jesuits of El Salvador (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994)
15. Martha Doggett, Death Foretold: The Jesuit Murders in El Salvador (Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press & Lawyers Committee for Human Rights and Americas Watch, 1993)
16. Reed Brody, 'The United Nations and Human Rights in El Salvador's Negotiated Revolution', Harvard Human Rights Journal 8 (Spring 1995), 153-78.
17. Cynthia Arnson (ed.), Comparative Peace Processes in Latin America
18. http://hrdata.aaas.org/ceh/index.html.
19. Margaret Popkin, Peace Without Justice: Obstacles to Building the Rule of Law in El Salvador (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Park, 2000)
20. Jack Spence et al., Chapultepec: Five Years Later: El Salvador's Political Reality and Uncertain Future (Boston: Hemispheres Initiative, 1997)
21. Rachel Sieder (ed.), Guatemala after the Peace Accords (London: Institute of Latin American Studies, 1998).
22. Rachel Sieder (ed.), Central America: Fragile Transition (Basingstoke: Macmillan Press, 1996).
23. Rachel Sieder, 'War, Peace and Memory Politics in Central America', in Alexandra Barahona De Brito, Carmen Gonzalez-Enriquez and Paloma Aguilar (eds), The Politics of Memory: Transitional Justice in Democratizing Socities (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 161-93.
24. Robin Ormes Quizar, My Turn to Weep: Salvadoran Refugee Women in Costa Rica (Westport, CT and London: Bergin & Garvey, 1998), 4-6 and 14
25. Beatriz Mariz, Refugees of a Hidden War: Counterinsurgency in Guatemala (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1988).
26. A. Aron et al., 'The Gender Specific Terror of El Salvador and Guatemala: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Central American Refugee Women', Women's Studies International Forum 14 (1991), 37-47.
27. Commission on Truth for El Salvador, From Madness to Hope: The 12-Year War in El Salvador (Report of the Commission on Truth for El SalvadorNew York: United Nations, 1993), 185
28. Mark Danner, The Massacre at El Mozote: A Parable of the Cold War (New York: Vintage, 1994), 71, 78-79
29. Leigh Binford, The El Mozote Massacre: Anthropology and Human Rights (Tuscon: University of Arizona Press, 1996), 21.
30. Tutela Legal, Investigación sobre la masacre de centenares de campesinos en los caseríos El Mozote, Ranchería y Jocote Amarillo del cantón Guacamaya, en los cantones La Joya y Cerro Pando, de la jurisdicción de Meanguera y en el caserío Los Toriles de la jurisdicción de Arambala, todos del departamento de Morazán, por tropas del BIRI Atlacatl durante operativo militar los días 11,12 y 13 de Diciembre de 1981: Hechos conocidos como 'Masacre de El Mozote' (San Salvador: Tutela Legal, 1991).
31. Frank Graziano, Divine Violence: Spectacle, Psychosexuality, and Radical Christianity in the Argentine 'Dirty War' (Boulder, CO and Oxford: Westview Press, 1992)
32. Ximena Bunster-Burotto, 'Surviving Beyond Fear: Women and Torture in Latin America', in Miranda E. Davies (ed.), Women and Violence, 156-76.
33. David Tombs, 'Honour, Shame and Conquest: Male Identity, Sexual Violence and the Body Politic', Journal of Hispanic/Latino Theology 9 (May 2002), 21-40.
34. David Tombs, 'Honour, Shame and Conquest: Male Identity, Sexual Violence and the Body-Politic', 27-33.
35. Thomas Buergenthal, 'The United Nations Truth Commission for El Salvador', Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 27 (1994), 497-544.
36. Patricia Hayner, Unspeakable Truths, 79.
37. Alexandra Stiglmayer (ed.), Mass Rape: The War Against Women in Bosnia-Herzegovonia (trans. Marion Faber Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1993)
38. Beverly Allen, Rape Warfare: The Hidden Genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovonia (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996)
39. Ivana Nizich, War Crimes in Bosnia- Hercegovina, vols I-II (New York: Human Rights Watch, 1992-93).
40. Human Rights Watch and National Coalition for Haitian Refugees, Rape in Haiti: A Weapon of Terror (New York: Human Rights Watch, July 1994).
41. Human Rights Watch, Global Report on Women's Human Rights (New York: Human Rights Watch, 1995).
42. Elizabeth Shrader Cox, 'Gender Violence and Women's Health in Central America', 125.
43. Judith Zur, 'The Psychological Impact of State Terror', Anthropology Today 10/3 (June 1994), 12-17 (15).
44. David Becker, Elizabeth Lira, Maria Isabel Castillo, Elena Gomez and Juana Kovalskys, 'Therapy with the Victims of Political Repression in Chile: The Challenge of Social Reparation', Journal of Social Issues 46/3 (1990), 133-49 (142).
45. William T. Cavanaugh, Torture and Eucharist: Theology, Politics and the Body of Christ (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1998), 40 and 42.
46. M. Popkin and N. Roht-Arriaza, 'Truth as Justice: Investigatory Commissions in Latin America', Law and Social Inquiry: The Journal of the American Bar Foundation (1995), 79-16
47. J. M. Pasqualucci, 'The Whole Truth and Nothing But the Truth: Truth Commissions, Impunity and the Inter-American Human Rights System', Boston University International Law Journal 12/2 (1994), 321-70
48. Rachel Sieder, 'War, Peace and Memory Politics in Central America', in Alexandra Barahona de Brito, Carmen Gonzalez-Enriquez and Paloma Aguilar (eds), The Politics of Memory and Democratization: Transitional Justice in Democratizing Societies (Oxford Studies in Democratization Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 162- 93.
49. Carlos Santiago Nino, Radical Evil on Trial (New Haven and Yale: Yale University Press, 1996)
50. Jaime Malamud-Goti, Game Without End: State Terror and the Politics of Justice (Norman, OK and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996).
51. Popkin, Peace Without Justice, 150.
52. Judith Escribano, 'The Cook, the Dog, the Priest and His Lover: Who Killed Bishop Gerardi and Why?', in M. A. Hayes and D. Tombs (eds), Truth and Memory, 59-80
53. Francisco Goldman, 'Murder Comes for the Bishop', The New Yorker (15 March 1999), 60-77.
54. G. Gutierrez, A Theology of Liberation: History, Politics and Salvation (trans. and ed. C. Inda and J. Eagleson Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books; London: SCM Press, 2nd edn., 1988 [ET 1973]), 9-12.
55. David Tombs, 'Crucifixion, State Terror and Sexual Abuse', especially pages 100-109
56. David Tombs, 'Crucifixion, Rape and the Body-Politics of Power in the Roman Empire', unpublished paper presented at the Society of Biblical Literature International Meeting, Rome, 9 July 2001.
57. Flora A. Keshgegian, Redeeming Memories: A Theology of Healing and Transformation (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2000), esp. 166.